Universal Synod of Ingelheim

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The Universal Synod of Ingelheim was a meeting in the Remigius Church in Ingelheim on June 7, 948 for a few days. It was convened to clarify the schism at the archiepiscopal see of Reims . With the presence of the kings of the East and West Franconian Empire , 32 archbishops and bishops and other religious dignitaries, this synod was one of the most important meetings that took place in Ingelheim.

prehistory

Since 931, both Hugo von Vermandois and Artold von Reims claimed the title of Archbishop of Reims. Hugo was supported in this by his uncle Hugo the Great , the influential Duke of Franzien ; Artold was the favorite of Louis IV of France , who in fact had hardly any power and lived in England, as was Otto I. Before that, synods in Verdun in November 947 and Mouzon at the beginning of 948 had already dealt with the schism, but were not at any Solution came.

King Otto I then sent a request to Pope Agapet II to help resolve the dispute. This then sent invitations to East and West Franconian bishops and sent the legate Marinus von Bomarzo to Ingelheim.

Synod of Ingelheim

On June 7, 948 the synod was opened in the presence of the two kings Otto I and Ludwig IV of France and 32 archbishops and bishops in the Palatine Chapel of Ingelheim. The place was probably chosen because of its convenient location and large space. The defendant counter-archbishop Hugo von Vermandois was absent and could not be represented. The papal legate Marinus von Bomarzo presided over it. After deliberations, the synod decided to recognize Artold as the rightful Archbishop of Reims. In addition, the actions of Hugo the Great against his liege lord Ludwig IV were sharply condemned.

In addition, some canon law provisions were passed, such as the curtailment of the escalating private church law , which, however, did not acquire any lasting significance. At the synod, bishops for Danish dioceses were mentioned for the first time, namely Leofdag von Ribe , Hored von Schleswig and Reginbrand von Aarhus . However, there is no evidence that they were consecrated at the Synod. The establishment of dioceses in Brandenburg and Havelberg was probably not discussed either.

The deliberations likely ended between June 9th and 11th. It was invited to another synod on September 7th in Trier.

Attendees

The Synod of Ingelheim was numerically the largest church assembly for a long time, at it 31 archbishops and bishops, as well as numerous abbots and other clerics took part. Participants were among others

  • Kings

Otto I and Ludwig IV of France

  • Papal Legate

Marinus of Bomarzo

  • Archbishops

all German archbishops and one French

Friedrich von Mainz , Ruotbert von Trier , Wicfrid von Köln , Artold von Reims , Adeldag von Hamburg , Herald von Salzburg ,

  • Bishops

almost all German suffragan bishops and two French bishops, classified according to archbishopric

Richowo von Worms , Ulrich von Augsburg , Bernhard von Halberstadt , Diethard von Hildesheim , Konrad von Konstanz , Starcand von Eichstätt , Dudo von Paderborn , Reginbald von Speyer , Poppo von Würzburg , Adalbert von Metz , Gauzlin von Toul , Berengar von Verdun , Balderich von Utrecht , Dodo von Osnabrück , Eberis von Minden , Hildbold von Münster , Farabert von Lüttich , Fulbert von Cambrai , Rudolf von Laon , Michael von Regensburg , Adalbert von Passau , Leofdag von Ribe , Hored von Schleswig and Reginbrand von Aarhus .

Further development

On the initiative of King Otto I, castles were conquered by supporters of Duke Hugo. Some of his bishops submitted to King Ludwig IV and Archbishop Artold. Only a few French bishops appeared at the Synod of Trier on September 8, not a single German, and neither did Duke Hugo, who had been summoned several times. After three days, the meeting ended after the Duke was excommunicated. In 950 he finally reached an agreement with the French king, which finally settled the dispute after more than thirty years.

swell

Flodoard von Reims reported on the Synod of Ingelheim in his annals , as well as in the Historia Remensis ecclesiae ( History of the Church of Reims ), and handwritten documents from the Synod have been preserved. All texts are printed in

literature

  • Johann Friedrich Böhmer : Regesta Imperii II. Saxon House 919-1024. 5: Pope gestures 911-1024 . Edited by Johann Friedrich Böhmern and Harald Zimmermann. Vienna u. a., 1998. RI II 5 n. 218 and RI II 1, 1 n. 166a
  • Horst Fuhrmann : The Synods of Ingelheim. In: Johanne Autenrieth (Ed.): Ingelheim am Rhein. Research and studies on the history of Ingelheim. Stuttgart 1964. pp. 147-173.
  • Heinz Wolter: The councils in the imperial territory and in imperial Italy from 916 to 1056. Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, Munich, Vienna, Zurich 1988. pp. 45–53.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ You were named as a participant from the beginning, the synod began on a Wednesday, and episcopal ordinations only took place on Sundays, and the detailed reports of the synod should actually have mentioned such an important event, cf. Heinz Wolter: The councils in the imperial territory and in imperial Italy from 916 to 1056. Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, Munich, Vienna, Zurich 1988. pp. 45–53, here p. 50f.
  2. ^ Regest II, 1, No. 166a Regesta Imperii
  3. ↑ On the Synod and the circumstances, see Heinz Wolter: The Councils in the Reichsgebiet and in Reichsitalien from 916 to 1056. Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, Munich, Vienna, Zurich 1988. pp. 52–55