Gauzlin of Toul

Gauzelin's grave in Bouxières

Gauzlin († September 7, 962 ) was Bishop of Toul from 922 until his death. He was a member of the chancellery of King Charles the Simple and founder of the Bouxières-aux-Dames Abbey .

Life

Gauzlin probably came from the nobility of Bassigny , in whose count family his name is often represented. He is also likely to be related to Bishop Gauzlin von Langres (922-931) and thus also to other bishops of this diocese. In the years 913 to 922 he is attested as a notary in the chancellery of King Karl, from here he changed to the bishopric in Toul , he was consecrated on March 17, 922.

At the time of its establishment, Toul in Lorraine was part of the West Frankish Empire. But when shortly after Gauzlin's consecration, on June 30, 922, King Charles got an opposing king with Robert I , and Charles himself was defeated by his opponents in the Battle of Soissons on June 15, 923, the time that Lorraine belonged to West Franconia came to an end . In 925, Duke Giselbert of Lorraine submitted to King Henry I of East Franconia , but that did not change anything about Gauzlin's position, although he was a part of Karl. His relations with Heinrich I and Otto I were so good that he obtained the transfer of abbeys and privileges, including the rights of a Count of Toul - in 930 he put a Count of Toul under his control with Guy for secular affairs Suzerainty a.

He achieved his greatest importance as a monastery reformer (Lorraine reform → Gorze monastery reform ) in his diocese and in close coordination with the neighboring dioceses of Metz and Verdun . He founded the Bouxières-aux-Dames monastery and introduced the Benedictine rule here and in Saint-Èvre (St. Aper) in Toul in 930/934, modeled on the Fleury Abbey . In Saint-Èvre he installed Erchembald as abbot and Adso as scholaster , who later became abbot of Montier-en-Der .

Gauzlin took part in the Synods of Verdun (947), Mouzon and the Universal Synod of Ingelheim (948), in which the main focus was on filling the archbishopric in Reims . He was buried in Bouxières-aux-Dames. Gauzlin was canonized and his feast day is September 2nd.

swell

• Corpus Consuetudinum Monasticarum VII, 1, 1984, 343f. [Kassius Hallinger]
• Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptores (in folio)
  • IV, 487 (Widrici vita S. Gerardi episcopi Tullensis)
  • V 40-41 (Annales S. Benigni Divionensis)
  • VIII 639-641 (Gesta episcoporum Tullensium usque ad a. 1106)
• Philippe Lauer , Recueil des actes de Charles III le Simple (1949), XXXVII-XLIII

literature

• Robert-Henri Bautier , Les origines de l'abbaye de Bouxières-aux-Dames au diocèse de Toul (1987)
• Jacques Choux, Décadence et réforme monastique dans la province de Trèves 855-959, Revue bénédictine 70 (1960), pp. 204-233
• Eduard Hlawitschka , The Beginnings of the House of Habsburg-Lothringen (1969), pp. 30–42
• Michel Parisse , Gauzlin (3), in: Lexikon des Mittelalters Volume IV, Column 1146/47