History of the city of Ingelheim

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The history of the city of Ingelheim can be traced back several millennia. In the Middle Ages, Ingelheim was of particular importance as an imperial palace .

prehistory

Stone Age finds from the Ingelheim area

Hand ax finds suggest that the area around Ingelheim was crossed by people around 50,000 years ago. Since the Neolithic Age , there have been continuous traces of settlement on the fertile slopes of the Selztal and on the Rhine.

For example, stool graves were discovered in 1913 in what is now a district of Ingelheim, Heidesheim , dating back to around 2400 BC. To be dated.

Before the Roman conquest, the area was probably inhabited by Celtic Treverians .

Tombs from around 450–200 BC give an indication of the Celts. When northern Rheinhessen was part of the Celtic settlement area.

Antiquity

Gallo-Roman grave figures from Ingelheim

After the inclusion in the Roman Empire , the area around Ingelheim with its many rural farms, the so-called villae rusticae , primarily served to supply troops and civilians in the stationing place Mogontiacum , today's Mainz . Roman roads ran through the area, the important connections between Mogontiacum and Trier and Koblenz / Cologne . Grave and coin treasure finds suggest that the Romanized residents were very prosperous, especially in the 2nd century AD. There also appears to be a vicus on the streets . H. To have given an industrial park, the name of which has not been preserved. As a transit area and because of its proximity to Mainz, the Ingelheim area was also exposed to many acts of war and raids, which led to massive destruction in the third and fourth centuries. H. at the end of the vicus and probably also of all villaes.

middle Ages

Rise to the political center

From the 5th century at the latest, the area was populated by Franks . Probably after one of them (called "Ingilo"?) - as has been customary in the so-called Rheinhessen since the 19th century - one of these Franconian manors was named Ingilenheim, from which the current name arose. It was probably the great royal court that had existed in Ingelheim at least since the Merovingian period , i.e. from the 6th century.

The entire area around Ingelheim was known as the “Ingelheim Empire” , and from the 14th century also “ Ingelheimer Grund ”, a crown property from Franconian times .

The Remigius Church, first mentioned in a document in 741, belongs to the diocese of Würzburg from 750 along with its feudal income. Because of the Kilian cult brought into being by the Würzburg bishop Burkard , she received an additional Kilian patronage.

The area gained supraregional importance through the decision of Charlemagne to start building an imperial palace next to the royal court , a magnificent imperial building in Roman style. The first documented stay of Charles dates from the year 774. This Palatinate was possibly only completed under his son Ludwig the Pious , who stayed in Ingelheim much more often (at least ten times) than his father (three or four times).

Since Karl the Palatinate, which was later rebuilt several times, served for almost four centuries as an important base for the medieval German kings and emperors, which is characterized by numerous visits by the rulers, synods and court days: In 787/88 Charlemagne celebrated Christmas and Easter in Ingelheim. During this stay, the Bavarian Duke Tassilo III was on a court day . deposed and banished to a monastery. The first documented mention of the Palatium = Pfalz (as Palatium ) comes from this year .

After his coronation as emperor, Karl stayed in Ingelheim for the first time in 807 and held a court day here. In 819 his son Ludwig received ambassadors from Emperor Leo V. In the same year a diet was held at which the empire's policy in Pannonia and Denmark was discussed.

In 823 the founding deed of the Corvey Monastery in Ingelheim was drawn up. Three years later, Ludwig again held a court day and a synod in Ingelheim. Here he received the Danish king Harald Klak , who was baptized on June 24th, 827 in the St. Alban Abbey near Mainz and then celebrated a glittering party in Ingelheim. Ingelheim was no longer at the center of imperial politics for the next ten years. Only in 828 was an imperial assembly in the presence of a papal delegation, and in 831 a court day. A brief visit by Ludwig in 836 is also documented.

On May 18, 839, Ludwig received envoys from the Byzantine emperor Theophilus and negotiated a friendship pact with them. Also present was a delegation of the Kievan Rus , that is, the Norman Empire around Kiev .

Ludwig the Pious died on June 20, 840 on an island in the Rhine ( Au ) near Ingelheim. The body of the emperor was transferred to Metz to the burial place of his family in the monastery of St. Arnulf and buried there. Shortly after his death, his son Lothar held a meeting in Ingelheim with the aim of preserving the unity of the empire. In the end, however, the attempt remained, and the division of the empire was laid down in the Treaty of Verdun . Ingelheim thus belonged to the eastern part of the empire, later Germany.

From the first stay of Charlemagne to the death of Ludwig, thirteen or fourteen rulers' stays in Ingelheim are on record. After his death, Ingelheim lost its importance. Until 940 only nine stays of the later Carolingians are known.

Residences at rulers in Ingelheim 774–1163

In 937 Otto the Great visited Ingelheim for the first time. With this visit a second high phase of the Palatinate began. By 1040 kings and emperors had visited the Ingelheim Palatinate 34 times.

At Easter, but never at Christmas, it was very popular among the Saxon rulers as a place for celebrations for the usual coronations . The figures vary between 10 visits, which are known for certain, and go up to an assumed 17 visits.

In 941 King Otto the Great imprisoned his brother Heinrich in Ingelheim for rioting.

In 948 the universal synod of Ingelheim met (probably) in the previous building of today's Remigius Church under the direction of the papal legate Bishop Marinus von Bomarzo , in which Otto the Great and the French King Ludwig IV also took part. The aim was to clarify the power struggles in western France and the occupation of the bishopric of Reims . Otto convened another synod in Ingelheim in 972.

953: Otto celebrated Easter in Ingelheim.

974: Duke Heinrich of Bavaria (Heinrich der Zänker) was arrested in Ingelheim by Emperor Otto II .

Even in the 11th century, the Ingelheim Palatinate was visited on various occasions under several rulers. Heinrich II celebrated Easter in 1017 and Pentecost in 1018 in Ingelheim. In 1018 he occupied the recently vacant bishop's chair in Constance with his previous chaplain Rothard.

1030: The first Salian emperor Konrad II celebrated Easter in Ingelheim. Duke Ernst of Swabia finally lost his duchy.

In 1043 Heinrich III married here . Agnes , daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine and Poitou . Sebastian Münster reports on this in his Cosmographia :

Anno 1044. (sic!) The Keyser Heinrich the third at Ingelheim married Fraw Agnesen / who was Duke Wilhelms von Aquitania's or Poytou's daughter: And since an immense number of Gaucklers / Spielleuthen and Schalcksnarren came there / he didn't give anyone a Schencke nor delivery / but sends them away from him.

During a stay by Henry IV shortly before Christmas 1065, one of his companions was slain by the population while trying to confiscate food.

Under the Staufer Friedrich Barbarossa , the narrower Palatinate area was extended by a southern area (today "Zuckerberg") and surrounded by a high wall ring, so that a small castle-like fortress was created. Rural palaces were no longer needed, but fortified cities. This is why some buildings in the Palatinate region fell into disrepair since the 13th century, and since 1402 residents built over them and used them as a quarry.

In 1105 Heinrich IV. Was forced to abdicate in Ingelheim by his son Heinrich V (on December 31, 1105) and held captive until he escaped.

Whether Barbarossa really met Hildegard von Bingen here, as is sometimes assumed, cannot be proven. The authenticity of an (undated) alleged letter from Barbarossa to the abbess, in which a meeting in "Ingelheim" is mentioned, is still controversial. The year of the meeting is often assumed to be 1163, because Friedrich spent three weeks at the criminal court in Mainz and during that time a letter of protection for Hildegard's monastery on Rupertsberg near Bingen was issued. Barbarossa may have used the renovated Ingelheim Palatinate (in memory of Charlemagne?) As a rest stop on his travels along the Rhine.

In the course of the struggles for imperial dignity, Nieder-Ingelheim was defeated in 1249 by the rival king Wilhelm of Holland and Siegfried III. von Eppstein besieged for 40 days and surrendered on March 28th.

Decline

Since the 13th century, the importance of the Ingelheim Palatinate and thus Nieder-Ingelheim has steadily declined. In the following 250 years only eight stays by rulers are documented. The declining value becomes clear in the pledge of the Ingelheimer Grund by Ludwig the Bavarian to the Archbishop of Mainz Peter von Aspelt on January 16, 1315. Nevertheless, the area around the Ingelheimer Pfalz was not unattractive; However, whether in 1337, as Rüxner reports in his tournament book (No. 18), a tournament was held in Ingelheim by the "Knights on the Rhine River" is very questionable. Rüxner could have invented this tournament as well as the first 14 of his tournaments, admittedly in memory of the glorious importance of the Ingelheim Palatinate, which in the 14th century could no longer offer a sufficient framework for the splendid city tournaments.

At the same time, Ober-Ingelheim , located upstream of the Selz, rose to greater importance in the later Middle Ages . Here the noble families of Ingelheim, who originally belonged to the administration of the Palatinate, had their large courts, including the lords and later "Counts" of Ingelheim. Even upper-Ingelheim was surrounded by a high defensive wall whose impressive remains are on display at the castle church.

The Ingelheimer Oberhof , a jury made up of Ingelheim nobles and citizens, was for three centuries an important court of appeal for surrounding jury courts who turned to Ingelheim for advice. While most of these Oberhof judgments were lost or burned in Darmstadt in 1944, considerable remains of the files of the local lower court, the " Haderbücher " , trial notes on civil trials, are preserved in the Ingelheim city archive and are currently being scientifically edited.

At the beginning of the 13th century, a foundation by the Ober-Ingelheim nobility founded the Engelthal Cistercian convent at the end of Edelgasse. It probably served to care for the unmarried daughters of the founding families. The abbey in the Selztal and Sporkenheim was richly furnished and looked after by the Eberbach Abbey in the Rheingau and existed until it was abolished after the Reformation in 1573.

The future Czech-German Emperor Charles IV. Founded on 14 January 1354 the former Ingelheim Palatinate, the alleged birthplace of Charlemagne, an Augustinian canons - pen , called Karl Munster that the two patrons was dedicated to Charles, Saint Wenceslas and Charlemagne (in that order!). The four canons of the monastery had to be able to speak Czech. It was probably their job to look after the Czech pilgrims on the Karlswallfahrten, who took part in a pilgrimage to Aachen every seven years in memory of Charlemagne, who was venerated as a saint, from Bohemia, Austria, Styria, Slavonia and Hungary until 1776 led through Ingelheim to Aachen. The monastery was subordinate to a mother monastery in Prague, the Karlshof . In the course of the Reformation it was also secularized in 1576, but the Prague monastery legally held on to its property until the 18th century.

In 1376 a court of the German order of the Ballei Koblenz in Nieder-Ingelheim is attested.

The same emperor Charles IV pledged the Ingelheim property again on December 24, 1356, this time to the city of Mainz . In 1375, the Ingelheim property, which was obviously no longer needed, was pledged by Charles IV to the Elector Ruprecht I of the Palatinate, together with the imperial city of Oppenheim and other imperial cities . After that the imperial immediacy gradually expired. Nevertheless, Sebastian Münster was still in the 16th century in his cosmography "Ingelheim" to the "illustrious circle of 81 free and imperial places in the German land". In the following years, however, no king was willing to redeem the pledge, so that Ingelheim's membership in the Electorate of the Palatinate was established in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

But even under the rule of the Palatinate, which lasted for four hundred years until the French Revolution , the inhabitants of the Ingelheimer Grund retained part of their former imperial privileges, which they were repeatedly confirmed by each new elector.

Modern times

Sebastian Münster, around 1550

In 1488, Ingelheim's most important son was born, the theologian, Hebraist, geographer, historian, mathematician and editor Sebastian Münster , whose portrait adorned the penultimate hundred-mark note. He was editor and co-author of one of the most widely read books of the 16th and 17th centuries. Century, the "cosmography" , a historical-geographical description of the whole world.

The lower Selztal of the Ingelheimer Grund, as an area of ​​the Electoral Palatinate from Alzey, interrupted the possession of the Archbishops of Mainz like a locking bar, which otherwise stretched on both sides of the Rhine from Mainz to Bingen . Therefore, the Ingelheim area with its port Frei-Weinheim has sometimes been the bone of contention between the Electoral Palatinate and the Kurmainz since the 15th century . While the Thirty Years' War "completely ruined" Ingelheim and the remaining inhabitants were in debt for a long time, the destruction by the French in the Palatinate War of Succession was apparently less than in the rest of the Palatinate area, possibly the Count of Auvergne prevented the cremation.

With the electoral Dusseldorf religious declaration of November 21, 1705, the three confessional church system in the Palatinate was confirmed. The Catholic community of Nieder-Ingelheim received the former Kilian's Church, the Protestant community the church ruins in the Kaiserpfalz, today's hall church. In Ober-Ingelheim the Reformed got today's castle church, while the Catholics had to build their own church ( St. Michael (Ober-Ingelheim) )

In 1737, General Anton Otto von Closs, who lived in Ingelheim and who died, bequeathed part of his property in Ingelheim to the Jesuits , who built missionary property on it. The mission lasted until the order was dissolved on June 21, 1773, the social foundation that was connected with it, but until the property was auctioned on June 27, 1806 by the French administration. The estate's library with 336 works had already been auctioned publicly on September 13, 1801.

In the years 1792/93 and again in autumn 1797, French revolutionary troops occupied the left bank of the Rhine. With the peace of Campo Formio the electoral states were dissolved. With the Treaty of Lunéville , the annexation became legally effective in 1801. The Ingelheimer places served the French troops as a billeting and supply area.

19th century

The Napoleonic era , in which Ingelheim belonged to France like the entire area on the left bank of the Rhine, brought a general surge in modernization here too, in particular a large shift in ownership: secularized church and aristocratic property was acquired by the bourgeoisie, and Ingelheim's modern ownership structure emerged. The nobility had to leave Ingelheim. A modern, tight administration was introduced and Ober-Ingelheim became the capital of a large canton (from Mombach to Gau-Algesheim!) In the Département du Mont-Tonnerre .

Napoleon stone

Under the French prefect André Jeanbon de St. André , the " Route de Charlemagne " was expanded, a strategically important road that led from Mainz-Finthen past Wackernheim and then almost dead straight through the Ingelheim area to Bingen and on. The 19th century Nieder-Ingelheim developed on this axis, which possibly followed one of the old Roman roads. The bilingual so-called Napoleon stone opposite the Buddhist meditation center of the Dhammakaya reminds of their construction .

After the Vienna Congress the Ingelheim area belonged from 1816 to the demarcation of the zones of occupation after the Second World War as part of the province Rheinhessen the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt and the later "people's state".

The revolutions of the 19th century also found their multiple echoes in Ingelheim: The Ober-Ingelheimer Dr. Martin Mohr was a member of the Frankfurt Paulskirche parliament until it was dissolved in Stuttgart in 1849. The rebels in the Palatinate were also joined by militants from the Ingelheim region, including around 270 men from Ober-Ingelheim alone . Two days before their battle near Kirchheimbolanden , there was even an assassination attempt on the leader of the Prussian troops in Ingelheim on June 12, 1849, the crown prince and later Emperor Wilhelm I. A cornfield around what is now the center of Ingelheim turned into a vehicle for the crown prince Pistol shot fired, which did not hit the crown prince's car, but wounded the postilion Johannes KJ Fries in a second car. A 26-year-old master tailor son from Nieder-Ingelheim, Adam Schneider, who was later arrested, was acquitted in Mainz in 1850 for lack of evidence.

In the still rural Nieder-Ingelheim , some of the (upper) middle-class families, some of them very wealthy, settled down and made a name for themselves as Nieder-Ingelheim's benefactors:

  • In 1841 the Dutchman Albert de Roock
  • 1855 the von Harder family (he is Dutch, she from St. Petersburg)
  • In 1859 the Wilhelm von Erlanger couple, who came from a Frankfurt banking family, and their young wife Caroline (von Bernus).
  • 1880 the Dutch colonial official and writer Eduard Douwes Dekker , known as Multatuli, who, however, completely isolated himself from the Ingelheim population in his house above Ingelheim
  • In 1900 a son of the Opel industrialist family from Rüsselsheim, Heinrich Opel, bought the largest Hofgut in Rheinhessen with the Westerhaus Castle opposite Ober-Ingelheim.

Industrial revolution

The second half of the 19th century brought Ingelheim, after the French one, the second far-reaching revolution, industrialization, which continues to change the face of the Ingelheimer villages to this day. With the construction of the Hessian Ludwig Railway from Mainz to Bingen in 1859, the Nieder-Ingelheim site at the new train station became a valued area for industrial companies - Nieder-Ingelheim was industrialized.

Among the various industrial companies, some of which only existed for a short time, one chemical company stands out: Dr. hc Albert Boehringer , later an honorary citizen of Nieder-Ingelheim, bought a tartar factory in 1882 , from which the now globally active pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim developed, which is still family-owned. In Ingelheim, on the one hand, is the corporate headquarters of CH Boehringer Sohn with 152 companies on all continents and 36,000 employees worldwide, as well as the production facilities of Boehringer Ingelheim.

Industrialization first fundamentally changed the structure of Nieder-Ingelheim : The rural village was increasingly shaped by industrial workers and employees and their new settlements near the factories, so that the population of Nieder -Ingelheim overtook that of Ober-Ingelheim in the 20th century . Today's modern center of the united Ingelheim between the train station and the new town hall emerged from this industrialization.

20th century

The nationalistic spirit of the new empire also found its pithy expression in Ingelheim through the construction of a Bismarck tower on the Westerberg , which is now a popular excursion destination (inaugurated in 1911). From 1904 to 1985 there was even a second railway line in operation, the Selztalbahn, which ran from the modernized Frei-Weinheimer Hafen up the Selztal to Partenheim and was supposed to be used for transporting sugar beet and was therefore called the " Zuckerlottchen " . In February 1904, during excavation work for the Nieder-Ingelheim winegrowers' cooperative, a Roman coin treasure with coins from the emperors Constantine I, Constantine II, Theodora and Helena was found.

The increasing industrialization and the better transport connections led to a strong population growth in all Ingelheimer places, which was reflected in numerous new building areas. Ober- and Nieder-Ingelheim grew closer and closer together on and between the axes Grundstraße and Bahnhofstraße, and new settlements also emerged on Rheinstraße to Frei-Weinheim. New elementary schools, gyms, churches, the "Rheinhessische" (energy and water supply company) and a hospital were built; there was a secondary school as a higher middle school in Ober-Ingelheim .

From 1909 to 1914 Christian Rauch carried out extensive excavations in the former Palatinate area, the so-called hall , and exposed large parts of the old Palatinate again.

First World War

After the First World War , Ingelheim belonged to the People's State of Hesse .

Weimar Republic

From 1918 to 1930 Ingelheim was French (and most recently British) occupied. In connection with the passive resistance against the occupation of the Ruhr , there were numerous expulsions in 1923. Attempts to unite the Ingelheim congregations at that time failed because of extremely strong local patriotic differences.

“Third Reich” and World War II

In 1933, the National Socialists took power in the towns of Ingelheim, too, and the democratically elected mayors of Ober- and Nieder-Ingelheim , Kitzinger and Dr. Rückert, were deposed, opponents of National Socialism were persecuted, Jewish citizens were discriminated against and especially after the Reichspogromnacht 1938, which fell victim to the Ober-Ingelheim synagogue built in 1841 , they were expropriated and driven into emigration. While 130 Jews lived in both Ingelheims in 1925, there were 76 as of December 31, 1938, and 30 at the end of 1939. The last remaining Jewish families were deported to extermination camps in 1942 ; only one of them returned.

As in the rest of the Reich, disabled people and Sinti and Roma from Ingelheim were killed and foreign workers and forced laborers were employed in Ingelheim factories during the war .

On April 1, 1939, by decree of the Hessian Gauleiter Jakob Sprenger , but also after preliminary discussions with the Ingelheimers, the town of Ingelheim am Rhein was created from the previously independent villages of Nieder-Ingelheim , Ober-Ingelheim , Frei-Weinheim and Sporkenheim . This merger was confirmed by the newly elected democratic city council after the Nazi era in 1947.

During the war, the city was only hit by a few stray bombs or targeted by fighter bombers, but not significantly destroyed by combat operations, so that jobs were preserved and the city in turn was able to take in a large number of bombed-out people from Mainz and refugees and displaced persons after the war. In total, Ingelheim counted 572 dead and 98 missing in World War II.

On or in the night of March 16, 1945, the first reports of Allied troops advancing on Ingelheim reached the city. After a discussion of the Volkssturm on the night of March 17th, attacks by the Volkssturm commander Hermann Berndes were found in many places in the city with the call to lay down weapons and deliver them to a central collection point in order to avoid unnecessary victims. Berndes had already erected tank obstacles brought down. He was then on 18 March by a fast food meal under Major Kraffert, the combatant commanders , the city summarily sentenced and in the town square in Nieder-Ingelheim hanged.

On March 20, American troops of the 90th US Division, coming from the south and south-west, occupied the city with almost no fighting. The defense of the city by the Volkssturm was waived due to the previous appeal. At around 3:00 p.m., the heads of the city administration, the police and the combat commandant and entourage crossed the Rhine towards Wiesbaden. At 5:30 p.m. City Inspector Friedrich Weitzel, as the city representative, and Wilhelm Fries as interpreter, handed Ingelheim over to the American troops.

Since Ingelheim was to belong to the French occupation zone , French occupation troops took control on June 10, 1945.

Post-war period since 1945

In 1946 the first freely elected city council was constituted after the war. The first mayor of the city was Dr. Georg Rückert (SPD) elected. First alderman was Wilhelm Fries, who was defeated by Rückert in the election for mayor with only one vote.

The founding of the new university in Mainz in 1946 by the French brought Ingelheim the influx of a few professors who could not find accommodation in badly damaged Mainz . A lively cultural life developed in Ingelheim in the post-war period. Ingelheim set up an adult education center in 1947 . The allocation of many refugees and displaced persons made it necessary to build more housing in Ingelheim. Trade and commerce benefited from it, several new residential and commercial areas were created, the city continued to grow, also due to numerous commuters to the jobs in the Rhine-Main area . After the previous “Higher Citizens School” had been expanded into a grammar school under French influence in 1946, a new building had to be found for this school as well. From 1960 onwards, the "Sebastian-Münster-Gymnasium" was established , to which other schools were added: in 1972 a new secondary school , the "Kaiserpfalz-Realschule" , the integrated comprehensive school "Kurt Schumacher" and a vocational school . An old people's home and a house for young people were built; In 1966 an outdoor and indoor pool was inaugurated.

In the course of the local government reform, on April 22, 1972, the town of Großwinternheim in the Selztal was incorporated, and its former independence is still expressed today in its own mayor.

From 1984 the Rhine dykes were improved in order to reduce the flood threat to Frei-Weinheim. The Ingelheim polder, inaugurated in 2006, was the first of a controlled polder on the Rhine in Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1982 the new central town hall was inaugurated. After the establishment of the round district administration in 1994/95 , Ingelheim officially became the district town of the Mainz-Bingen district in 1996 .

Mayor before 1939

Mayor before the city was founded

  • Nieder-Ingelheim
  • Ober-Ingelheim
    • Georg Rückert (February 1932 – April 1933)
    • Nag (1933-)

(Lord) Mayor since 1939

Mayor since 1946, Lord Mayor from 1972

Results of the city council elections since 1946

  • 1946
    • CDU : 42.2%
    • SPD : 26%
    • KPD : 9.2%
    • List Gemünden / Gaul: 22.6%
Eligible voters: 6,899
Turnout: 88.6%
  • 1948
    • CDU: 35.1%
    • SPD: 33.1%
    • DP: 25.3%
    • CP: 6.5%
  • November 9, 1952
    • Free Citizens' List Rausch: 40.1%, 2882 votes - 11 seats
    • SPD: 23.04%, 1656 votes - 6 seats
    • CDU: 22.43%, 1612 votes - 6 seats
    • FDP: 10.21%, 734 votes - 2 seats
    • KPD: 4.2%, 303 votes
Eligible voters: 9,488
Turnout: 77.76%, 7378 votes, 7187 valid votes
  • 1956
    • SPD: 36.79%, 2611 votes - 9 seats
    • CDU: 27.06%, 1,920 votes - 7 seats
    • Bambach voter group: 24.45%, 1735 votes - 6 seats
    • FDP: 11.7%, 830 votes - 3 seats
Eligible voters: 9,979
Turnout: 72.62%, 7247 votes, 7096 valid votes
  • October 23, 1960
    • SPD: 42.61%, 3,114 votes - 11 seats
    • CDU: 36.65%, 2679 votes - 10 seats
    • FDP: 16.92%, 1237 votes - 2 seats
    • Kaufmann voters: 3.82%, 279 votes
Eligible voters: 10,695
Turnout: 70.14%, 7502 votes, 7309 valid votes
  • October 25, 1964
    • SPD: 51.7% - 13 seats (absolute majority)
    • CDU: 34.7%, 2800 votes - 9 seats
    • FDP: 13.6%, 1098 votes - 3 seats
Eligible voters: 11,369 (50a CDU) 11312 (40a Ing)
Turnout: 72.77%, 8231 votes (50a CDU) 8232 (40a Ing)
  • June 8, 1969
    • CDU: 37.15%, 3397 votes - 12 seats
    • SPD: 34.45%, 3150 votes - 11 seats
    • FDP: 10.45%, 956 votes - 3 seats
    • Kaege free voter group: 17.95%, 1641 votes - 5 seats
Eligible voters: 12,295
Turnout: 75.51%, 9309 votes, 9144 valid votes
  • April 23, 1972
    • SPD: 41.99%, 4263 votes - 14 seats (after 40a 4264)
    • CDU: 38.92%, 3952 votes - 12 seats
    • FDP: 8.79%, 892 votes - 2 seats
    • Kaege voter group: 10.28%, 1044 votes - 3 seats
Eligible voters: 13,992
Turnout: 73.46%, 10,280 votes, 10,153 valid votes
  • March 17, 1974
    • CDU: 46.6%, 5092 votes - 17 seats (40a: 46.40%)
    • SPD: 34.34%, 3769 votes - 12 seats
    • FDP: 10.26%, 1126 votes - 3 seats
    • FWG: 8.98%, 986 votes - 3 seats
Eligible voters: 14,027
Turnout: 79.17%, 11,106 votes, 10,973 valid votes
  • 10/11 June 1979
    • SPD: 42.12%, 4,322 votes - 14 seats
    • CDU: 41.52%, 4261 votes - 13 seats
    • FDP: 8.21%, 842 votes - 2 seats
    • FWG: 8.15%, 837 votes - 2 seats
Eligible voters: 14,238
Turnout: 73.54%, 10,470 votes, 10,262 valid votes
  • 17th June 1984
    • CDU: 40.7%, 4576 votes - 15 seats
    • SPD: 44.1%, 4,966 votes - 16 seats
    • FDP: 7.8% - 2 seats
    • FWG: 10.6% - 2 seats
    • DKP: 1% - 112 votes
Eligible voters: 15,408
Turnout: 74.9%, 11,252 valid votes
  • June 18, 1989
    • SPD: 41.0% - 15 seats
    • CDU: 31.2% - 11 seats
    • FWG: 10.6% - 4 seats
    • FDP: 7.75% - 3 seats
    • Greens: 7.38% - 2 seats
  • June 12, 1994
    • SPD: 36.6% - 13 seats
    • CDU: 31.0% - 11 seats
    • FWG: 6 seats
    • Greens: 4 seats
    • FDP: 2 seats
Turnout: 70%, 11,781 votes

literature

  • Alexander Burger: From the history of Ingelheim . Ingelheim, 1984 (= contributions to Ingelheim history issue 35).
  • Holger Grewe: Karolingerpfalzen. In: Charlemagne in Ingelheim. Palatinate builder and European statesman. Catalog for the exhibition in the old town hall Nieder-Ingelheim August 29 to September 27, 1998 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 43).
  • Peter Haupt: The Ingelheim area in Roman times. In: Vicus, Villae, Vinum. Catalog for the exhibition in the old town hall Nieder-Ingelheim from August 31 to September 29, 1996, p. 24 ff.
  • Karl Heinz Henn: Timeline of Ingelheim history. In: Ingelheim - the Empire and Europe. Ingelheim 1985 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 35), p. 13 ff.
  • Karl Heinz Henn: Ingelheim as a station on the Hungarian pilgrimage to Aachen. In: Ingelheim - the Empire and Europe. Ingelheim 1985 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 35), p. 109 ff.
  • Karl Heinz Henn: Emperors and Kings in Ingelheim. In: Ingelheim - the Empire and Europe. Ingelheim 1985 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 35), p. 29 ff.
  • Karl Heinz Henn: Ober-Ingelheim, Groß-Winternheim and their noble clans . In: From distant days. Ingelheim 1993 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 39), p. 53 ff.
  • Karl Heinz Henn: From the history of industrial development in the Ingelheim area during the 19th and 20th centuries. Ingelheim 2003 (= Kleine Schriften, No. 3, Ingelheimer Geschichtsthemen, No. 3).
  • Ernst Kähler : On the importance of prehistoric and early historical systematics, shown on the current collection of Ingelheim finds. In: The Ingelheim area in prehistory. Ingelheim 1995 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 41), p. 15 ff.
  • Charlemagne in Ingelheim. Palatinate builder and European statesman. Ingelheim 1998 (= catalog for the exhibition in the old town hall Nieder-Ingelheim, 29 August to 27 September 1998, contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 43, edited by Karl Heinz Henn, Ernst Kähler and the city of Ingelheim am Rhein).
  • Joelle Fuhrmann: Theory and Practice in the Legislation of the Late Middle Ages in Germany using the example of the Ingelheim jury's sayings. Peter Lang, Bern et al. 2001.
  • Ingelheim am Rhein. Edited by Johanne Autenried. Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 1964.
  • Gunter Gudian: Ingelheim law in the 15th century. Scientia Verlag, Aalen 1968. ( Studies on the German state and legal history NF. Vol. 10)
  • Udo Kornblum: The right of proof of the Ingelheimer Oberhof and its aldermen's chairs in the late Middle Ages. Diss. Phil. Frankfurt a. Main 1960.
  • The older judgments of the Ingelheimer Oberhof. Edited by Adalbert Erler. 4 vol. Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1952–1958.
  • Margarete Köhler: Ingelheim personalities. In: 2000 years of Ingelheim in the mirror of art. From the Romans to the present. Exhibition from October 13th to November 12th, 2000 in the old town hall Nieder-Ingelheim. Edited by the city of Ingelheim. Ingelheim 2000, p. 37 ff.
  • Christian Rauch: The history of the Ingelheim royal and imperial palatinate. Ingelheim 1960 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 11).
  • Walter Sage: The excavations in the Palatinate in Ingelheim am Rhein 1960–1970. Munich 1977. (= Francia. Research on West European History. Ed. By the German Historical Institute Paris, Volume IV, 1976).
  • Hans Schmitz: The Palatinate Ingelheim and the Rhine-Main Palatinate landscape. In: Essays on Ingelheim's imperial historical significance. Ingelheim 1976 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 26), p. 35 ff.
  • Anno Vey: Ingelheim under the swastika. Ingelheim 1999 (= contributions to Ingelheim history, issue 44).
  • Astrid Wenzel: Between Childerich and Charlemagne. The Ingelheim area in Franconian times (5th – 7th centuries AD) . (= Catalog for the exhibition in the old town hall Nieder-Ingelheim from August 30 to September 28, 1997, published by the city of Ingelheim).
  • Alexander Thon: Cities against castles. Actual and alleged sieges of castles on the Middle Rhine by the Rhenish Federation 1254–1257. In: Jahrbuch für Westdeutsche Landesgeschichte, 34, 2008, pp. 17–42, here pp. 23–27. (On the siege of Ingelheim Castle by the Rhenish Confederation in 1254).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Heidesheim. Retrieved July 22, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Home: Ingelheimer Haderbücher. Retrieved January 24, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Official municipality directory 2006 ( Memento from December 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (= State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 393 ). Bad Ems March 2006, p. 181 (PDF; 2.6 MB). Info: An up-to-date directory ( 2016 ) is available, but in the section "Territorial changes - Territorial administrative reform" it does not give any population figures.  
  4. ↑ http://www.rhein-zeitung.de/mainzer-rhein-zeitung_artikel,-polder-ingelheim-zum-ersten-mal-geflutet-_arid,190279.html