Trumpets
| Trumpets | ||||||||||||
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Blossom of Salpiglossis sinuata |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Salpiglossis | ||||||||||||
| Ruiz & Pav. |
The trumpet tongues ( Salpiglossis ) are a genus from the nightshade family (Solanaceae).
description
Trumpets are annual or perennial herbaceous plants or bushes that can reach a height of 0.3 to 1 m. The entire plant has thick, sticky hairs.
The basal leaves sometimes form a rosette and can grow up to 4 to 7 cm in length, but sometimes only 0.2 to 1.5 cm in length. The leaves are ovate-elliptical, oblong-elliptical or linear-elliptical, are sessile or have only short petioles. The leaf margin is entire, dentate, pinnately lobed or sometimes pinnate.
The flowers are solitary or in panicles , almost sessile or on 1 to 2 cm pedicels, odorless ( Salpiglossis sinuata ) or slightly fragrant ( Salpiglossis spinescens ). The flowers are usually open-flowered, but sometimes they are closed and self-fertilizing. The calyx is bell-shaped, radial symmetry and 0.7 to 1 cm long; five-lobed, the lobes equally long, triangular or oblong. The open-flowered flowers have a funnel-shaped zygomorphic crown, cylindrical at the base, made of 2.3 to 5 cm long, flamed petals , the edge of which is slightly notched. The closed flowers have a shortened crown of only 10 to 11 mm in length.
The capsule fruits are elongated ovoid, 9 to 15 mm long and protrude only slightly above the calyx or are even slightly smaller. In each fruit there are usually 50 to 120 seeds, occasionally even up to 300.
Chromosomes
The genus has a base chromosome number of , Salpiglossis sinuata is tetraploid ( ).
Occurrence
The genus is endemic in the southern Andes , Salpiglossis spinescens occurs as xerophyte in northern Chile between the Atacama Desert and Coquimbo , Salpiglossis sinuata can be found between the tropic and Valdivia .
cultivation
The trumpet tongues have been grown as an ornamental plant in Europe since the early 19th century. With their striking flowers in different colors, they quickly became well-known garden plants and can be found in temperate areas around the world.
Systematics
The genus Salpiglossis only consists of the following two species:
- Trumpet tongue ( Salpiglossis sinuata Ruiz & Pav. )
- Salpiglossis spinescens Clos
literature
- Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae. ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .
Web links
- Salpiglossis in the Flora of Chile (Spanish)