Salt creatures

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The salt being designated at the time of the salt monopoly in the Middle Ages and the early modern period in German-speaking countries on the one hand the knowledge area around the salt production by mining mining of rock salt and Bohrlochsolung and saline surface water in salt mines or graduation towers , the other, the state-reserved commercial marketing of salt as its Processing, portioning , pricing, taxation and distribution .

According to Franz Xaver Anton von Stubenrauch's “Lessons on Salt Creation” (1771), the field of knowledge is “about the salt itself, the way it is extracted ” and “the use that the state can make of its salt works”. According to Joachim Heinrich Campes' dictionary of the German language from 1810, the salt being deals with everything “that concerns salt works and especially salt boiling ”. The Economic Encyclopedia by Johann Georg Krünitz stated in 1824: “Salt being, everything that relates to the salt works, the salt debit etc. of a state. Actually the whole administration of the salt shelf is understood by salt being. "

The Salt Offices of the Habsburg Monarchy were the usual authorities that monitored salt mining and the salt trade , which was an important monopoly of the respective ruler ( salt monopoly ). On the occasion of the release of the salt trade in Vienna, the Vienna Salt Office was dissolved on April 1, 1824, and in 1829 the salt trade was released throughout the monarchy. In the Royal Prussian States , the General Salt Directorate, with its headquarters in Berlin, was responsible for the "entire salt debit system". In 1868 the Prussian salt trade was released. In the same year the salt trading monopoly in the Kingdom of Bavaria was dissolved. The salt shelf in Switzerland continues to exist, the rights and obligations of the salt trade were transferred from the cantons to the Swiss salt works in the 1973 Salt Concordat .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Xaver Anton von Stubenrauch : Lessons from the salt system. 1771, 645 pages.
  2. ^ Franz Xaver Anton von Stubenrauch : Lessons from the salt system. 1771. p. 10.
  3. ^ Joachim Heinrich Campe : Dictionary of the German Language , Entry: Das Salzwesen , 1810. Volume 4 (S to T), p. 22.
  4. ^ A b Johann Georg Krünitz , Friedrich Jakob Floerken, Heinrich Gustav Flörke , Johann Wilhelm David Korth, Carl Otto Hoffmann, Ludwig Kossarski: Oekonomische Encyklopädie , Volume 135. Entry salt being . J. Pauli, 1824.
  5. ^ Felix Czeike : Salzamt in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna In: Historisches Lexikon Wien, Volume 5, Ru - Z and addendum to volumes 1 - 4. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1997.
  6. ^ Austria. Reichsrat. House of Representatives: Stenographic minutes of the House of Representatives of the Reichsrathes . Edition 9, Volume 6. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, 1881. P. 5466.
  7. ↑ Annual reports of the chambers of commerce and commercial corporations of the Prussian state. 1869. Decker, 1870. p. 366.
  8. ↑ Facts on the history of the Berchtesgaden salt mine. In: Berchtesgaden Salt Mine , Berchtesgaden 2016. p. 2.
  9. ^ Fritz Klaus: Basel-Landschaft in historical documents. Cantonal school and office supplies administration, 1993. p. 221.