Samarium (II) chloride

Crystal structure
__ Sm 2+      __ Cl -
General
Surname	Samarium (II) chloride
other names	Samarium dichloride
Ratio formula	SmCl 2
Brief description	dark brown solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 13874-75-4 EC number 237-631-8 ECHA InfoCard 100.034.196 PubChem 6393953 Wikidata Q4498238
properties
Molar mass	221.27 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.69 g cm −3
Melting point	850 ° C
boiling point	1310 ° C
solubility	soluble in tetrahydrofuran
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Samarium (II) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound of samarium from the group of chlorides .

Extraction and presentation

Samarium (II) chloride can be obtained by reducing samarium (III) chloride with samarium in a vacuum at 800 to 900 ° C or hydrogen at 350 ° C, although the latter reaction requires long reaction times and undesirable side reactions occur.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ SmCl_{3}+Sm\longrightarrow 3\ SmCl_{2}} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ SmCl_{3}+H_{2}\longrightarrow 2\ SmCl_{2}+2\ HCl} }$

The representation by reducing the samarium (III) chloride with zinc in a melt flow of zinc (II) chloride at 500 ° C is also possible.

The link can also by reduction with lithium - naphthalene win. Other reducing agents such as sodium or magnesium can also be used.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {SmCl_{3}+Li\longrightarrow SmCl_{2}+LiCl} }$

properties

Samarium (II) chloride is a dark brown solid. The connection is extremely hygroscopic and can only be stored and handled under carefully dried protective gas or in a high vacuum. In air or on contact with water, it changes into hydrates while absorbing moisture , but these are unstable and more or less quickly turn into oxide chlorides with evolution of hydrogen . The compound has a crystal structure of lead (II) chloride type. A cubic modification also exists above 680 ° C.

use

Samarium (II) chloride (as well as samarium (II) iodide and samarium (II) bromide ) in organic chemistry, for example pinacol - coupling reactions used.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 1081.
2. ^ William M. Haynes: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition . CRC Press, 2012, ISBN 1-4398-8049-2 , pp. 4–86 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Jane E. Macintyre: Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds . CRC Press, 1992, ISBN 0-412-30120-2 , pp. 2903 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
4. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
5. ↑ Kurt Rossmanith: Production of the classic rare earth (II) chlorides in solution. In: Monthly magazine for chemistry. 110, 1979, pp. 109-114, doi : 10.1007 / BF00903752 .
6. ↑ Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry . Academic Press, 1977, ISBN 0-08-057869-1 , pp. 9 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ David J. Procter, Robert A. Flowers, Troels Skrydstrup: Organic Synthesis Using Samarium Diiodide: A Practical Guide . Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010, ISBN 1-84755-110-6 , pp. 157 ( limited preview in Google Book search).