Velvety layer mushroom
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Velvety layer mushroom ( stereum subtomentosum ) |
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| Stereum subtomentosum | ||||||||||||
| Pouzar |
The velvety layer mushroom ( Stereum subtomentosum ) is a common mushroom from the family of layer mushroom relatives (Stereaceae).
features
The velvety layer mushroom forms fruiting bodies , the hats of which protrude completely from the substrate or run down it. Often, especially in the former case, they are somewhat stalked. Overall, they have a fan, shell or semicircular shape. The hats reach a width between three and ten centimeters and stand up to five centimeters from the substrate. They are 0.2 to 0.6 millimeters thick and have a leathery consistency.
The top is concentrically zoned and velvety. It is slightly wavy and bumpy, cracked when dry and fresh yellowish, gray to light rust-colored ocher brown. Later it is colored green by algae . The edge is often tinted white. The underside with the hymenium is yellowish to gray-ocher in color. The edge is almost white when fresh. If it is moistened or rubbed, it gets chrome-yellow spots.
The spore powder is white and amyloid . The spores themselves are almost cylindrical in shape and measure 5–7 × 2–3 micrometers.
Species delimitation
The Striegelige layer mushroom ( Stereum hirsutum ) has similarities . However, this is a bit thicker and has a slightly thicker hair on the top of the hat.
The brown velvety layer mushroom ( St. ostrea ) is particularly similar . It is more likely to be found in the heat-favored areas in the southern half of Germany and in southern Europe. The mushroom is on average a little larger, a little more brownish in color and the edges of the hat do not yellow. The pseudoacanthophyses that are present are a decisive separating feature. These are cells in the hymenium with three to five small growths. They are only clearly recognizable by staining, for example with Melzer's reagent .
ecology
The velvety layer mushroom occurs in different types of humid deciduous and mixed forests, which are rich in bases and nutrients. These are mainly shady woodruff , hair barley and fir-beech forests as well as corresponding oak-hornbeam and birch-pedunculate oak forests. The fungus can also be found in willow bushes, poplar forests and on the edges of still and flowing waters. Outside of closed tree populations, such as in parks and gardens, it occurs rather rarely.
The fruit bodies appear sociable and often in rows on standing and lying trunks and branches or on stumps. They colonize the substrate in the late initial to mid-optimal phase of the decomposition. These are almost exclusively hardwoods, especially alder and willow , but also red beech . In extremely rare cases, coniferous wood is also attacked. The mushroom can be found all year round.
distribution
The velvety layer mushroom has a temperate distribution focus in the Holarctic and can be found in North America, Europe and Asia. In Europe, the area extends from France in the west to Slovakia in the east and north to the coastal regions of Fennoscandinavia . In southern Europe the species is apparently absent or very rare; the occurrences in Eastern Europe have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In Germany, the fungus is widespread from the coast to the Alpine valleys.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms. BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8354-0053-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stereum ostrea - Magnificent layer mushroom . October 2006
