Sanctuary Cities

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Sanctuary Cities ( English "cities of refuge") is called a collective term of the cities and towns that various regulations have introduced, with which they work with their respective state government in cases of illegal immigration have reduced.

Some grant all residents access to public services and refuse, for example, to participate in deportations . Alliances of refugee solidarity action groups with local administrations, health authorities , schools, trade unions and police organizations can be found, which, for various reasons, start with problems for communal coexistence. B. from the division into legal, tolerated and illegal immigrants.

Europe

In Europe, for example, Barcelona (Spain) is part of this network. In England , Wales , Scotland and Ireland there are now over 80 cities, municipalities and regions under the title of a City of Sanctuary , for example Glasgow , Oxford , Sheffield and Swansea .

United States

In the United States of America , around 200 cities and towns call themselves Sanctuary Cities . A corresponding mandate for an amendment to the city ordinance was first decided in 1979 by the city government of Los Angeles ( Los Angeles City Council ) and the Los Angeles Police Department (Special Order 40) . The American federal government did not yet have a uniform definition of what a sanctuary city was in April 2017 and was the subject of a dispute between the city of Los Angeles and the Department of Homeland Security .

According to estimates by activists, around 11 million people were staying illegally in the United States in 2017, the majority of them in Sanctuary Cities .

Procedure

In the United States, there were around 300 judicial districts between 2014 and 2015 that failed to implement around 17,000 federal agency orders to detain illegal immigrants. In these cases, people in Sanctuary Cities were initially arrested for offenses unrelated to their residency status and later identified as illegal immigrants at police stations when they checked their identity with federal authorities. The federal authorities then ordered the detainees to be detained, which many Sanctuary Cities refused to do in the case of minor offenses with reference to the 4th Amendment to the Constitution (no detention without charge).

development

After Donald Trump had already condemned the initiative in his election campaign , he announced as the new incumbent American president on January 24, 2017 that he would cut financial aid for cities that do not arrest immigrants who have entered the United States illegally . After the city of San Francisco and the neighboring district of Santa Clara brought an action against a decree issued accordingly, a federal judge (District Judge William Orrick III of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California) ruled that it was unconstitutional because the regulation of federal grants does not fall within the competence of the President, but rather that of Congress. Another lawsuit by the City of Richmond, also in California, has not yet been decided.

On May 7, 2017, Greg Abbott, in his role as Governor of Texas, signed an order authorizing all police officers to clarify the status of individuals. Furthermore, suspects who are eligible for deportation must be detained. Any officer who does not obey the instruction can be fired and charged. The statement has also been referred to as the sanctuary cities ban by the press . At the end of August 2017, a federal court decided to temporarily stop the implementation of this order. Judge Orlando Garcia found that most parts of the order were prima facie contrary to federal law and the constitution. On September 15, 2017, a federal judge in Chicago issued an injunction against the Washington government order in which he ruled that the Justice Department could not cut funds for cities simply because they gave federal immigration authorities access to prisons and the Refused to cooperate.

The US Federal Department of Homeland Security ICE had nearly 500 illegal immigrants arrested in Sanctuary Cities such as Los Angeles, San Francisco and San Jose in a large-scale operation in late September 2017. According to its own statements, the agency concentrated on already known criminals.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Tal Kopan: "What are sanctuary cities, and can they be defunded?" CNN January 25, 2017
  2. ↑ FREE CITIZENS. Independent street newspaper for Freiburg and the surrounding area to support people in social emergency. 19th year, January 2017, p. 04
  3. ^ California politics updates: Gov. Brown takes his transportation plan on the road, sanctuary state bill amended , Los Angeles Times, April 6, 2017.
  4. ↑ a b How sanctuary cities work, and how Trump's stalled executive order might affect them , Washington Post, April 26, 2017.
  5. ↑ edition. cnn.com , September 1, 2016, Tami Luhby: Trump condemns sanctuary cities, but what are they? (January 27, 2017)
  6. ↑ tagesschau.de , December 2, 2016, Martina Buttler: Plans for deportation - big cities oppose Trump (January 27, 2017)
  7. ↑ deutschlandfunk.de , news in depth , January 25, 2017: Donald Trump orders the construction of the wall on the border with Mexico (January 27, 2017)
  8. ↑ "Texas governor signs 'sanctuary cities' ban in ceremony held without notice" The Guardian, May 8, 2017
  9. ↑ Tom Dart: Federal judge blocks Texas ban on sanctuary cities in blow for Trump. In: The Guardian. August 31, 2017, accessed August 31, 2017 .
  10. ↑ washingtonpost.com: Judge rules Justice Department can't keep grant money from uncooperative sanctuary cities. Retrieved September 16, 2017 .
  11. ^ ICE arrests hundreds of immigrants in 'sanctuary cities' around the nation, California . In: Los Angeles Times . September 28, 2017, ISSN  0458-3035 ( latimes.com [accessed September 30, 2017]).
  12. ↑ Immigration raids target hundreds in 'sanctuary' cities . In: NBC News . ( nbcnews.com [accessed September 30, 2017]).