Sanssouci (Kummerfrey)
| Sanssouci Palace | ||
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.png) Palias Sanssouci (Kummerfrey) |
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| Data | ||
| place | Karścino | |
| Construction year | around 1729 | |
| Coordinates | 54 ° 3 '13.3 " N , 15 ° 47' 38.9" E | |
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Sanssouci , also Kummerfrey or Kummerfrei (French sans souci 'without worry', 'without worry', loosely translated 'worry-free') is the name of a former pleasure house of Count Ernst Christoph von Manteuffel in Western Pomerania.
location
The palace was built just a few hundred meters northeast of the von Manteuffel family's actual estate in Kerstin as a maison de plaisance . A park and the centrally located building were erected within an oak forest. The field name Kummerfrey , which was used until 1945, testified to the location of the facility . The original manor house and the palace were connected by an oak tree-lined avenue.
description
Corresponding to the year in which it was built, the palace, also known as the hunting lodge, was probably built in the Rococo style. The pleasure palace once served the Prussian King Friedrich II as an inspiration for his Sanssouci . Despite significantly different characteristics, the architectural styles of both buildings are likely to have been similar.
architecture
A can of Manteuffels in David Matthieu's painting adorns Kummerfrey . The illustration shows a cheerful, lively architecture with elegant and playful details and a facade framed by columns . Erected as a single storey, the floor plan was divided into a central wing and two wing wings on the side, which were kept short and each divided into two chambers, two cabinets and a vestibule . The hip roof was crowned by figurative representations and divided in the middle by a turret. The central element in the middle, the corps de logis , was an elongated octagonal salon with a total of four entrances and exits. The two side wings of the building were accessed directly from here. The front and rear access to the open spaces or esplanades via two large double doors each . The palace was surrounded by four smaller pavilions that were lined up on the central esplanade. Here there were rooms for staff, guests, a kitchen with a wine cellar and, in addition to the main house, an extensive library.
The palace was mainly decorated with statues and Latin quotations from old poets. Fortuna is depicted in the friezes of the portals to the salon , who carried a plaque with the following inscription:
"Hoc erat in votis: modus agri non ita magnus, hortus ubi et tecto vicinus iugis aquae fons et paulum silvae super his foret, auctius atque de melius fecere, bene est. nil amplius oro. "
The park
From the rather small building, four spacious paths - also referred to as pleasure walks or Manteuffel called Patience , Prudence , Conscience and Autarchy - flanked by oak trees. Two each to the front and rear entrance and two to the side parts of the building, so that the rooms could be reached from all four directions. The four pleasure corridors with their virtues pointed axially from the outside the way to the 'sorrow-free' center of the rectangular building. Four more paths ran through the forest in a star shape at a 45 ° incline towards the pleasure house and could be seen from the corner windows of the salon. These paths already ended at the palisades in the central esplanades and symbolized the fallacy to penetrate the 'sorrow-free' center of Sanssouci . Correspondingly, their designation was Plaisirs , Richesses , Sciences and Honors . The park and building architecture entered into a symbiosis and clearly showed the main features of a way of life that was an expression of a wish Manteuffel:
"Genre de vie [...] sans regrets, sans desirs, et sans autres inquietudes."
In a contemporary portrait by Antoine Pesne from 1732 the palace and park are suggested. At the end of a straight line through the forest, there is the pleasure house, to which Manteuffel points.
Origin of the designation
Manteuffel is likely to have chosen the term Kummerfrei in memory of his stay in Count Ahlefeld 's castle in Denmark in 1710. Sorrow-free , or, as Manteuffel preferred, Sanssouci , was supposed to express the calm that the Count used to seek after his arduous stays at royal courts and cities such as Dresden and Berlin. The place was not only intended as a retreat for the Junkers von Kummerfrei , as he called himself, but also as a place for philosophical discussions and the reception of noble guests. Manteuffel himself founded the society 'Order of Sorrows' on the Ideal Horace', forerunner of the Society of Truth-Lovers , and gave himself the title Grand-Prieur de Sanssouci . In addition to scholars such as the philosopher Johann Christoph Gottsched, Manteuffel received here a. a. Madame Le Fort (wife of the Saxon diplomat Johann Lefort ), between 1732 and 1734 the Russian ambassador in Berlin, Count Pavel Ivan Jaguzinsky, and Friedrich Wilhelm von Prussia , who Manteuffel referred to as his friend and Chevaliers de Sanssouci in 1735 and whom he later should still transfer building material for Sanssouci . Manteuffel's contemporaries recognized Sanssouci’s fondness for art and learning in the design . So it was not surprising that he chose this way of life based on the Tusculum Cicero or country estates of Cato or Scipio :
“But your beautiful Kummerfrey, your Tusculum, knows how true it is that you give yourself to wisdom. Where pleasure forest, castle and everything shows, His master is inclined to every art. "
Visit of Friedrich Wilhelm I (Prussia)
On August 2, 1731, Manteuffel entertained the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm on his estate in Kerstin for two days. Friedrich was with his confidants, including Seckendorff , Grumbkow and Count von Henckel , on the journey to the east of his empire and made a stop in Kerstin from his stopover in Belgard . He visited Sanssouci extensively with his portraits, which showed him and August II of Poland in harmony side by side. In addition to the paintings, he noticed a few Latin motto which he liked. The king preferred a tent for lodging, which Manteuffel had set up in the garden, in which the company, after the service and sermon, Pastor Dr. Carriage ropes in the church in Kerstin were also extensively delicious. The table at which the company sat in the garden of Sanssouci has survived :
Friedrich Wilhelm's son later wrote to Grumbkow:
"[...] je pars pour retourner à Rheinsberg , c'est mon Sanssouci."
Contemporary
Today, Kummerfrey is considered to be one of the most extraordinary continuations of Horatian poetry since the Renaissance by Petrarch , which brought Horace out of oblivion since the early Middle Ages . The formerly very handsome pleasure palace of Count Manteuffel in Kerstin has now completely disappeared. After Manteuffel's death, the complex began to fall into disrepair, and the park was no longer maintained for cost reasons. As early as 1748 Manteuffel parted with his Pomeranian estates, as he was declared a persona non grata in Prussia by Friedrich II in 1740, despite their close mutual friendship between 1735 and 1736 . There were no buildings left by the end of the 19th century. Only a few remains of the wall in a field were later registered. Some old oaks still line the path from the dilapidated manor house to the agricultural fields on which the facility is said to have been located.
See also
literature
- Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Kolberger Land. Its cities and villages. A Pomeranian homeland book . Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1999, ISBN 3-88042-784-4 .
- Johannes Bronisch: The patron of the Enlightenment - Ernst Christoph von Manteuffel and the network of Wolffianism . De Gruyter, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-023314-8 .
- Society for Pomeranian History and Archeology: Baltic Studies. Volume 13, Stettin 1909.
Web links
- Enlightener, cynic, egocentric. Where is the "big one"? on: n-tv , January 18, 2012.
Footnotes
- ↑ Bonner historical research, Volume 33. 1969, p. 439.
- ↑ Formey already claimed that the name Sanssouci was not an invention of Frederick II. In: Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel : Complete works: Hippel's life. Volume 12, 1835, p. 104.
- ^ Francisco Agramonte y Cortijo: Frederick the Great: the last years of his life, according to previously unpublished documents from Spanish, French and German archives. 1928, p. 29.
- ↑ More details on the description of the Horatic country estate in the Sabinerland in Karl AE Enenkel: The Invention of Man: the autobiography of early modern humanism from Petrarch to Lipsius. De Gruyter, 2008, p. 52.
- ^ Thea von Seydewitz : Ernst Christoph Graf Manteuffel, Personality and Work. In: From Saxony's Past, Volume 5, Dresden, 1926, p. 78.
- ↑ Johann Jakob Brucker : Bilder-Sal today's day living and through the knowledge of famous writers. Volume 1, 1741, online.
- ^ Carl Eduard Vehse : History of the German courts since the Reformation. Volume 33, 1854, p. 46.
- ↑ Hans Jochen Pretsch: Count Manteuffel's contribution to Austrian secret diplomacy from 1728 to 1736. Bonn Historical Research, Volume 35, 1970.
- ↑ Georg Miczka in: Bonner historical research, volumes 34-35. 1970, p. 96.
- ^ Max Baur, Hans Kania: Potsdam: a picture work. 1937, p. 132.
- ↑ Phillip Marshall Mitchell: Commentary on Gottsched Selected Works, Volume XI. Volumes 1-4, De Gruyter, 1983, p. 23.
- ↑ On Horace's forgetting: see dibb.de, biography of Horace online
- ^ Corina Petersilka: The bilingualism of Frederick the Great: A linguistic portrait. De Gruyter. 2005, p. 103.