Sardinian buttercup

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Sardinian buttercup
Sardinian buttercup (Ranunculus sardous)

Sardinian buttercup ( Ranunculus sardous )

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Ranunculeae
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Sardinian buttercup
Scientific name
Ranunculus sardous
Crantz

The Sardinian buttercup ( Ranunculus sardous ), also called rough buttercup , is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae).

description

Habitus
Basal leaf with stalked central section
The stems and petioles are hairy.
"Sepals" knocked back
Fruit with nuts
Nuts from Ranunculus sardous subsp. sardous

Vegetative characteristics

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The Sardinian buttercup is a deciduous, biennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 30 centimeters. The thick hair ( indument ) of the hollow stem is particularly characteristic .

Generative characteristics

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In addition to Ranunculus bulbosus, the Sardinian buttercup is the only Central European buttercup species ( Ranunculus ) with folded-back cup-like tepals , which are half as long as the vivid yellow, petal-like honey leaves .

Chromosome number

It is diploidy and tetraploidy before, the number of chromosomes is 2n = 16, 32 or 48th

ecology

The Sardinian buttercup is a helomorphic therophyte .

The pollination is done by insects or self-pollination. The diaspores spread through the wind or Velcro.

It is a moisture and soil compaction indicator that is also salt bearing.

Occurrence and endangerment

It is widespread in Europe and North Africa and is a neophyte in many areas of the world . The distribution area of ​​the Sardinian buttercup extends in Europe from Spain and Great Britain to Sicily and the Balkan Peninsula , in the east to Ukraine and in the north to southern Sweden .

The Sardinian buttercup colonizes moist to wet fields, short-lived weed meadows , creeping and stepping lawns , damp roadsides and ditches. It thrives on moist, temporarily flooded, nutrient-rich, mostly low-lime, mild to moderately acidic, humus-rich or raw clay soils. He is in Central Europe representative of the Association Myosuro-Ranunculetum sardoi comes but the associations Agropyro-Rumicion, Cynosurion or Aperion also Centunculo-Anthoceretum the Association Nanocyperion and in other societies.

The Sardinian buttercup is safe in Central Europe. In Germany in 1996 it was rated 3 = endangered on the Red List . According to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV) is "not particularly protected". The elimination of arable land , intensified agriculture and the draining of wet meadows endanger the rough buttercup.

Systematics

Ranunculus sardous was first published in 1763 by Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz in Stirpium Austriarum Fasciculus , 2, p. 84. A synonym for Ranunculus sardous Crantz is, for example, Ranunculus parvulus L.

Ranunculus sardous occurs in Europe in two subspecies:

  • Ranunculus sardous subsp. sardous
  • Ranunculus sardous subsp. xatardii (Lapeyr.) Rouy & Fouc.

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Ranunculus sardous Crantz, Sardinian buttercup. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ A b Ranunculus sardous at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 28, 2015.
  3. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  409 .
  4. ^ A b Ranunculus sardous in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
  5. ↑ a b Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 8. Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae. Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1989, ISBN 951-9108-07-6 , pp. 141-142.

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  • Franz Fukarek , Heinz executioner : Flora of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Fern and flowering plants . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-07-6 .

Web links

Commons : Raue Buttercup ( Ranunculus sardous )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files