Sarmatium
The Sarmatian (also Sarmatian stage, Sarmatia or short Sarmat is called) a regional geological stage of the Miocene ( Neogene ) in the central Paratethys range. It corresponds roughly to the upper part of the international chronostratigraphic level of the Serravallian , i.e. roughly the period from 12.7 to 11.6 million years.
In the central Paratethys - and to this day in the subsurface of many tertiary sedimentary basins such as the Pannonian and Vienna Basins - the regional level of the Sarmatian is underlain by those of the Badenian and the Carpathian and overlaid by the regional level of the Pannonian (Pannon). Which of these layers is thickest (mostly Badenia in the Austria-Hungary border area) depends on the sedimentation conditions at the time.
Naming and stratotype
The stage is named after the ancient Sarmatian tribe or the Roman name Sarmatia for their habitat on the Black Sea. The stratotype profile is located near Nexing , today a district of Sulz in the Weinviertel ( Austria ). The stage was first published by Eduard Suess in 1866. Apparently Nikolai Barbot de Marny had suggested this name in a letter to Eduard Suess; the letter itself has not survived. In the work of 1866 Eduard Suess therefore explicitly noted that Barbot de Marny was co-authorship of the name Sarmat (ium), so that the authors of the name Suess and Barbot de Marny must be considered. The name of the stage found and is almost general use in the area of the Paratethys.
definition
The lower limit of the regional level of the Sarmatian is defined with the onset of the regional Cibicides badenensis - foraminifera zone. The upper limit coincides with the Serravallium - Tortonium limit. This limit is regionally defined with the onset of the Melanopsis impressa bonellii biozone.
literature
- Eduard Suess : Investigations into the character of the Austrian tertiary deposits. About the importance of the so-called brackish step or the cerithia layers. Meeting reports of the Academy of Sciences, mathematical and natural science class, 54: 218–259, Vienna 1866 ISSN 0371-4810 .
- Adolf Papp, F. Marinescu and Ján Seneš (eds.): Chronostratigraphy and Neostratotypes Miocene of the central Paratethys. Volume IV M 5 Sarmatia (sensu E. Suess, 1866) The Sarmatian class and its stratotype. 707 pp., Bratislava 1974.