Satyendranath Bose
Satyendranath Bose ( Bengali : সত্যেন্দ্রনাথ বসু , Satyendranāth Basu [ ʃot̪ːend̪ronat̪ʰ boʃu ]; born January 1, 1894 in Calcutta , then British India ; † February 4, 1974 ibid) was an Indian physicist who made important contributions to mathematical and statistical physics . In particular, his collaboration with Albert Einstein on the gaseous nature of electromagnetic radiation has been recognized ( Ideales Bosegas ).
Bose wrote a short article on the quantum statistics of photons at the age of 27 while working at the University of Dhaka , which he sent to Einstein for review. In the cover letter he wrote:
"Respected Sir, I have ventured to send you the accompanying article for your perusal and opinion. I am anxious to know what you think of it. You will see that I have tried to deduce the coefficient 8π ν 2 / c 3 in Planck's Law independent of classical electrodynamics, only assuming that the ultimate elementary region in the phase-space has the content h 3 . I do not know sufficient German to translate the paper. If you think the paper worth publication I shall be grateful if you arrange for its publication in Zeitschrift für Physik . Though a complete stranger to you, I do not feel any hesitation in making such a request. Because we are all your pupils though profiting only by your teachings through your writings. I do not know whether you still remember that somebody from Calcutta asked your permission to translate your papers on Relativity in English. You acceded to the request. The book has since been published. I was the one who translated your paper on Generalized Relativity. "
"Dear sir! I dare to send you the attached article for review and with a request for your judgment. I await your judgment on it with uneasiness. You will see that I tried to derive the coefficient 8π ν 2 / c 3 in Planck's law independently of classical electrodynamics, only with the assumption that the smallest unit cell in phase space has the volume h 3 . I am not sufficiently competent in German to translate the manuscript. If you are of the opinion that the manuscript is worth publishing, I would be grateful if you could arrange for it to be published in the Zeitschrift für Physik . Although I approach you as a complete stranger, I do so without hesitation, because we have all become your students through reading your writings. I don't know if you remember someone from Calcutta approaching you asking for permission to translate your writings into English. You gave your consent and the book is now out in print. I was the one who translated your work on general relativity. "
Einstein was impressed, translated the article into German and then arranged for the publication of the same under the title Planck's Law and Light Quantum Hypothesis under Bose's name in the respected Zeitschrift für Physik in 1924. Einstein reviewed the journal: “Bose's derivation of Planck's formula means mine Opinion an important advance. The method used here also provides the quantum mechanics of the ideal gas, as I will explain elsewhere. "
Einstein took Bose's idea and applied it to atoms as well. He thus predicted the existence of the so-called Bose-Einstein condensates . The Bose-Einstein statistics and the bosons (by Paul Dirac ) are named after Bose . With Einstein's support, Bose was able to win a scholarship that enabled him to spend two years researching in Europe with Maurice de Broglie in Paris and Einstein in Berlin. After returning to Bengal , he was a professor at the University of Dhaka from 1926 to 1945. In 1944, Bose became General President of the Indian Science Congress .
Bose was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1958 , and the Government of India made him a National Professor in 1959 . He was also honored by the Indian President.
Web links
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Satyendranath Bose. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .
Individual evidence
- ↑ G. Venkataraman: Bose and his statistics. Universities Press, 1992, ISBN 81-7371-036-8 , p. 14.
- ↑ Satyendranath Bose: Planck's law and light quantum hypothesis . In: Journal of Physics. 26: 178-181 (1924).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bose, Satyendranath |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Basu, Satyendranath |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Indian physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 1, 1894 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Calcutta |
| DATE OF DEATH | 4th February 1974 |
| Place of death | Calcutta |