Scalesia
Scalesia | ||||||||||||
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Scalesia pedunculata , character tree of the so-called Scalesiazone at a height of approx. 200 to 400 m |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Scalesia | ||||||||||||
Arn. in Lindl. |
Scalesia is a genus of the Asteraceae family , tribe Heliantheae . The genus Scalesia consists of about 15 species, is endemic to the flora of the Galapagos Islands and is an example of adaptive radiation on islands. The generic name honors the Scottish naturalist and botanist William Alexander Stables (1810–1890). The namesake accidentally wrote 'Scales' instead of 'Stables'.
description
Most species form shrubs up to 3 m high. Scalesia microcephala grows as a small tree or shrub up to 4 m in height. Scalesia pedunculata forms trees that can reach heights of up to 20 m and form real forests on Santa Cruz , San Cristóbal , Floreana and James . It is the type of character of the so-called Scalesiazone.
Most species have simple, lanceolate to oval or heart-shaped leaves. Some species have lobed or even deeply divided leaves. The flower heads usually have tubular flowers and are white.
Many species of the genus are endangered, especially the Scalesia forests.
Systematics
Wiggins and Porter (1971) list the following species (with details of their locations and localities):
- Scalesia affinis Hook. f. : Pioneer on lava, from sea level to 600 m; Fernandina , Isabela , Santa Cruz , Floreana .
- Scalesia aspera Andersson : in coastal areas; Santa Cruz
- Scalesia atractyloides Arn. : Pioneer plant on fresh lava; San Salvador
- Scalesia cordata A.Stewart : on relatively moist places; South part of Isabella
- Scalesia helleri B.L. Rob. : Pioneer plant, near the coast; Santa Cruz, Santa Fe
- Scalesia incisa Hook. f. : Pioneer plant, up to heights of over 500 m; Pinta , Pinzón , San Cristóbal , Santa Cruz, Wolf
- Scalesia microcephala B.L. Rob. : Middle and higher altitudes; Fernandina, Isabella
- Scalesia pedunculata Hook. f. : small to medium-sized tree, up to 20 m high, in damp locations; Santa Cruz, San Salvador, San Cristobal, Floreana
- Scalesia stewartii L.Riley : on lava near the coast up to 200 m. Bartolomé , San Salvador
- Scalesia villosa A. Stewart : Pioneer plant, Floreana and Champion (small island near Floreana).
Individual evidence
- ↑ U. Eliasson: The genus Scalesia as an example for speciation on the Galapagos Islands . In: Small Senckenberg range . No. 20 , 1994, ISBN 3-929907-14-3 , pp. 81-85 .
- ↑ a b Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymic plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ A. Mauchamp, R. Atkinson: Rapid, recent and irreversible habitat loss: Scalesia forest on the Galapagos Islands . In: Galapagos Report . tape 2009-2010 , 2010, pp. 108-112 ( galapagos.org [PDF]).
- ↑ Ira L. Wiggins, Duncan M. Porter: Flora of the Galápagos Islands . Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif. 1971, ISBN 0-8047-0732-4 , pp. 998 .