Shepherd seal
_-_Young_Shepherdess_(1868).jpg)
The pastoral poetry (also pastoral poetry ) was a popular literary genre of European Renaissance and the Baroque in the tradition of bucolic . It originally developed from the shepherd's farm, a courtly poem that was characterized by the amalgamation of lyrical and musical elements, prose , dialogues and elaborate verse and idealized the shepherd's life. A popular topic is the report of a brittle, dismissive lover who is confronted by a lover who is completely at her mercy, longed for her and suffers. Feelings such as unfulfilled love, hymns of praise to a shepherdess, sadness in view of a more beautiful past or a lost home are typical objects of artistic representation.
The terms Arcadian and bucolic poetry as well as shepherd and shepherd poetry are used synonymously. Shepherd poetry comes from the tradition of shepherd or Arcadian poetry, whose early forerunner is Virgil Bucolica (around 40 BC). Another key work is the novel Daphnis and Chloe by the Greek Longos . Jacopo Sannazaro founded the European shepherd novel , the courtly dramatic shepherd play began with Torquato Tasso's Aminta , followed by Giovanni Battista Guarini's Il pastor fido ( The Faithful Shepherd ), which was translated into all European languages.
Important representatives of the baroque shepherd or pastoral poetry in Germany were August Augspurger , Johann Joseph Beckh , Paul Fleming , Enoch glasses , Martin Opitz , Jacob Schwieger , Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld and Philipp von Zesen . German shepherd poetry found its climax in the works of the Nuremberg Order of the Pegnesos , where poets such as Georg Philipp Harsdörffer , Johann Klaj , but above all Sigmund von Birken , took on them. In contrast to the courtly models from abroad, German shepherd poetry is always aimed at a decidedly middle-class target audience and thus also provides new insights from a socio-historical point of view.
Enlightenment poets, z. B. Christoph Martin Wieland , Johann Peter Uz , later attempted a stricter regulation of the genre, which gradually flowed into the small forms of the anacreontic and rococo and passed into the idyll in the 19th century .
Literature (selection)
- EG Carnap: The shepherdess in the German literature of the 17th century and the shepherd poetry of Europe . Diss. Frankfurt / M. 1939
- Heinrich Meyer: The German shepherd novel of the 17th century , 2nd edition, Hanover 1978 (originally Diss. Freiburg / B. 1927)
- Nicolas J. Perella: The Critical Fortune of Battista Guarini's <Il Pastor Fido> . Firenze: Olschki 1973
See also
- Anacreontics
- Shepherd novel
- Shepherd game
- Pastoral (visual arts)
- Pastoral (instrumental music)
- Musette (baroque dance)
