Shahrud
| Shahrud | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
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| Province : | Semnan Province | ||
| Coordinates : | 36 ° 25 ′ N , 55 ° 1 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 2500 m | ||
| Residents : | 176,619 (urban areas, 2016) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
Shahrud ( Persian شاهرود, also Shāhrūd , Shahrood , Shahroud , formerly Emāmshahr ) is a city in Iran and the largest city in Semnan Province. It is the capital of the district of the same name. In the Iranian census 2006, 126,916 people (35,548 families) lived in the city. A launch site of the Iranian Space Agency for testing military missiles of the Shahab 3 type has been located near Schahrud since 1998 .
geography
The city is located about 410 kilometers east of Tehran . Modern Schahrud has grown together with the historic town center of Bistam (today: Bastam ), which is a few kilometers north of the city center in the hills.
To the north of the city are the Elbursgebirge , to the south the Great Salt Desert ( Dasht-e Kawir ). The river Tash , which crosses the city, ends in the desert. Schahrud is located in the Dāmghān valley basin, a sub-zone of the cavir depression in which the Great Salt Desert is also located.
The climate is continental and according to the altitude.
history
In 2006 traces of prehistoric settlements (approx. 8000 years old) were found in Schahrud, which revealed, among other things, ovens and the remains of toolmaking. Shahrud was more of a village before the rule of Fath Ali Shah from the Qajar dynasty, which consisted of two old castles and a small farm called Shabdari . The surrounding areas like Biarjomand, Miami and Bastam have a separate story.
The old town of Bastam is located 6 kilometers north of Schahrud. Their pre-Islamic history is not fully understood. It is believed that this city was built under the rule of Shapur II (310–379). During the Abbasid era , Bastam was the second largest city in Qomis province after Dāmghān .
Bastam is considered the birthplace of Bayazid Bistami (* 803 AD), the later Persian Islamic mystic of Sufism .
The city was visited by Nāsir-i Chusrau , the famous Persian poet of the 12th century. He described it as the center of Qomis Province. The importance of Bastam, however, decreased during the Mongol attacks, so that Shahrud took their place.
traffic
Schahrud is located on the Silk Road and forms about half the route between the capital and Mashhad . In Shahrud the road starts in the north of the Alborz Mountains located Gorgan . The city is also on the Garmsar – Mashhad railway line , the direct rail link from Tehran to Mashhad.
Attractions
The most interesting historical sites in and around Shahrud are:
- Seljuks Mosque in Bastam, built in 1120 AD
- The village of Kharaqan, about 12 km from Bastam, famous in the 14th / 15th centuries. Century. Tomb of Abul-Hassan Kharaqani , one of the most famous arefs (mystics) of the Sufis in the 12th century. The stone building with a dome dates from the 12th century.
- Ruins of Byar Castle , to the southeast of Bastam and on the edge of the Byarjomand desert, includes an old mosque and a three-gate rampart.
- Mosque ruins of Farumad , about 165 km northeast, an important architectural monument from the 13th century. Farumad and the surrounding area were the center of Sarbedarischen movement in the late Ilkhan -Periode.
- Shahrud Museum, dates from the Qajar and early Pahlavi periods, formerly belonged to the municipality, is located in the city center, two-story brick building,
education
The following universities exist in Schahrud:
Individual evidence
- ^ Statistical Center of Iran> Population and Housing Censuses. In: amar.org.ir. Retrieved November 3, 2019 .
- ^ Traces of Prehistoric Civilization Discovered in Shahrud. In: payvand.com. March 2, 2006, accessed November 3, 2019 .
Web links
- Emamshahr in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)