Shift supervisor

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The shift supervisor was a mining official who supervised all shift workers in a mine . He was also the accountant of the mine. The shift supervisor was employed by the mine manager of the respective mine. His primary duty was to look after the utility of his entrusted mine and the union .

tasks

The shift supervisor was responsible for the extraction and sale of the products ( ore , coal ). At the same time, he ran the cash register and was responsible for accounting. He was responsible for purchasing materials and the tough . He was also responsible for the wages of the workers. In this function he had to pay the workers their wages every Saturday in the presence of the riser . From this wage he had to deduct the so-called rifle penny and keep it. The rifle penny was intended for the miners 'fund and had to be paid out to the oldest miner in the miners' union. The shift supervisor's duties also included inspecting the underground facilities of the mines entrusted to him fortnightly and reporting any defects to the mountain judge and the tradesmen . To ensure that there were no irregularities in the smelting , it was also his job to check the smelting register at the smelters. Later, his tasks also included accounting between the main mine and pension funds. He made the mine calculations, the financial report and the budget tables. In his role, the shift supervisor was the first operations officer at the respective mine. He was obliged to work out the operating plans together with the responsible Steiger and to take the necessary measures. In some mountain areas, the trades did not want shift foremen who were purely miners by pen. In small mines in the Ruhr area , it was also common for the shift supervisor to be the reel operator and the notch operator at the same time . In the Schemnitz mountain district, the shift supervisors were actually mountain jury members who called in every day and managed the mine operations.

personal requirements

The basic requirement for the position of shift supervisor was that he could write and read. It was forbidden by law to hire a man as a shift supervisor who could not do this. In addition, he had to have knowledge of all things mountain jurisdiction. In the Saxon mining industry it was stipulated from 1834 that only shift supervisors who had completed training at the mining academy could be created. He also had to be physically and healthily able to drive the mine underground. The Manager also had knowledge of mined ore, for he also had the hut Schreiber inspect and check the fuse register.

formalities

Basically, the right to appoint someone as shift supervisor was incumbent on the trades . However, the hiring of the shift supervisor required the express approval of the mining authority. The shift supervisor was also installed in his office by the mining supervisor and the shift supervisor's wages were set by the mining court . The shift supervisor's wages were regulated by law and dependent on how many workers there were in the mine he was supervising. The appointment of a shift supervisor without being sworn in by the mountain supervisor had no validity and was even forbidden under penalty. The dismissal of the shift supervisor also required the mining supervisor's approval. The mountain foreman even had the power to remove a shift supervisor at any time, even without the knowledge of the trades.

restrictions

In order to ensure that the shift supervisor also properly checked the haters and Steiger, shift supervisors and Steiger were not allowed to be brothers or cousins. The shift supervisor was criminally forbidden to keep workers in board and lodging or to celebrate together with them in the restaurant or to buy them alcoholic beverages, neither on the colliery premises nor in an inn. He was forbidden to use a miner for his private services. The shift supervisor was strictly prohibited from lending mine property to other mines without the consent of the miner. The shift supervisor was also not allowed to supervise more than six mines. Of these six mines, however, only two were allowed to find what they were looking for, that is, they were in operation. If one of the four other mines subsequently found what they were looking for, he was allowed to continue to supervise it until the final decision by the mining court. In addition, he was allowed to supervise two so-called recess mines.

Control of the shift supervisor

The shift supervisor had to file an accountability report every quarter . The quarterly billing was controlled by the mountain court and the trades. The supervisory authorities made sure that there were no irregularities in the accounts. The statement of accounts had to be written in such a way that it was clear and understandable for everyone. The income and expenses had to be listed in detail. If fraud or even theft was proven to the shift supervisor, he could be severely punished. The mining invoices drawn up by the shift supervisor were checked by the scribe . The other tasks, such as B. the driving of the entrusted mines, were controlled by the Bergmeister or the Bergvogt . If a shift supervisor did not drive the mines at the prescribed intervals, his wages were reduced. If he neglected his duties for a whole quarter, his registers were withdrawn and another shift supervisor was appointed. If he was unable to carry out his duties for health reasons, a helper was assigned to him to carry out the visits.

literature

  • Mining Science Magazine. First part, Walterische Hofbuchhandlung, Dresden 1785

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Carl Friedrich Richter: Latest mountain and hut lexicon. Second volume, Kleefeldsche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1805.
  2. ^ A b Moritz Ferdinand Gätzschmann: Collection of mining expressions. Second substantially increased edition, Verlag von Craz & Gerlach, Freiberg 1881.
  3. ↑ a b Explanatory dictionary of technical terms and foreign words used in mining, metallurgy and salt works . Falkenberg'schen Buchhandlung publishing house, Burgsteinfurt 1869.
  4. ↑ a b Johann Christoph Stößel (Hrsg.): Mining dictionary. Chemnitz 1778.
  5. ↑ Joachim Huske: The coal mine in the Ruhr area. 3rd edition, self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum, 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Ekkehard Henschke: State rule and mining industry. Writings on economic and social history 23, 1st edition, Duncker & Humblot publishing house, Berlin 1975, ISBN 9783428031245 , p. 257 ff.
  7. ↑ Klemens Skibicki: Industry in the Upper Silesian Principality of Pless in the 18th and 19th centuries .
  8. ^ Heinrich Veith: German mountain dictionary with evidence. Published by Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1871.
  9. ^ A b C. AG Hoffmann (ed.): New mining journal . Fourth volume, Verlag der Craz and Gerlachische Buchhandlung, Freyberg 1816, pp. 221-234.
  10. ^ A b Kurt Pfläging: The cradle of Ruhr coal mining. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, 4th edition, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-7739-0490-8 , pp. 71, 102-103
  11. ↑ a b c d e Society of practical miners (ed.): New arena for mining science with consideration of the latest advances and discoveries. Thirteenth part Der Grubenhaushalt, printed and published by Gottfried Basse, Quedlinburg and Leipzig 1859, pp. 49–58.
  12. ↑ a b Collection of laws and ordinances for the Kingdom of Saxony from 1834 . Hofbuchdruckerei von EE Meinhold und Sons, Dresden 1834, p. 339.344. Digitized
  13. ↑ Carl Friedrich Gottlob Free Life, Friedrich Bülau (Ed.): The state and mining with excellent consideration for Saxony. Second edition, published by Otto Wigand, Leipzig 1839, pp. 221–234.
  14. ^ A b c Johann Heinrich Ludwig Bergius: Collection of selected German state laws which have the policey and cameral system as their subject. First AlphabetAndreean Buchhandlung, Frankfurt am Mayn 1781, p. 79-.
  15. ↑ a b c d Hermann Brassert: Mountain regulations of the Prussian lands. FC Eisen's Königliche Hof-Buch- und Kunsthandlung, Cologne 1858.

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