Battle of Menfö

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Battle of Menfö
Depiction of the Battle of Menfö in the Hungarian Illustrated Chronicle from the 14th century. Below left the execution of Sámuel Aba and below right the penance of Henry III. after the battle
Depiction of the Battle of Menfö in the Hungarian Illustrated Chronicle from the 14th century. Below left the execution of Sámuel Aba and below right the penance of Henry III. after the battle
date July 5, 1044
place Menfo, Hungary
output German victory
Parties to the conflict

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of Hungary

Commander

Henry III.

Sámuel Aba †

Troop strength
unknown unknown
losses

unknown

unknown

The Battle of Menfö (also the Battle of the Raab ) took place on July 5, 1044 between German troops under King Heinrich III. and Hungarian troops under King Sámuel Aba at Menfö , near Győr on the Raab in Hungary.

prehistory

The Hungarian King Sámuel had the German King Heinrich III. the cession of the entire land on the left bank of the Leitha has been promised. When he hesitated to keep his promise, and at the instigation of the brother-in-law of the Hungarian King Peter Orseolo , Margrave Adalbert I of Austria , who was deposed by Sámuel in 1041 , Henry III prepared. a select army and sent it across the Hungarian border.

Course of the battle

King Sámuel awaited the Germans with a numerically superior army on the other side of the Raab. Trusting in his numerical superiority, he let the Germans cross the river unhindered and form battle lines . When Sámuel saw his men fall in the fray, he stormed, as in vain, into the ranks of the Germans. After a bitter struggle, the Hungarians lowered their standard as a sign of retreat and fled. Sámuel Aba was captured and executed.

On the evening of the battle, Henry III sang. the Kyrie eleison , knelt barefoot and wrapped in a penitent's robe on the ground in front of a cross relic and urged his whole army to do the same. A little later he walked barefoot through Regensburg and thanked God for his help in the fight. The city's churches received donations.

consequences

Enthronement of King Peter I by King Heinrich III. in the Hungarian Illustrated Chronicle

The previous Hungarian King Peter Orseolo was enthroned again as Peter I in Stuhlweissenburg and recognized as a vassal of Henry III. the feudal sovereignty of the Roman-German Empire . Henry III. sent the captured crown and gilded lance from Sámuel Aba to Rome .

swell

  • Hermann von Reichenau : Chronicon . In: Rudolf Buchner, Werner Trillmich (Ed.): Sources of the 9th and 10th centuries on the history of the Hamburg Church and the Empire. (Freiherr vom Stein Memorial Edition 11), Darmstadt 1961, pp. 615–707.
  • László Veszprémy / Gabriel Silagi: The " Gesta Hungarorum " of the anonymous notary. The oldest representation of Hungarian history . Sigmaringen 1991, ISBN 3-7995-2910-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Franz Georg Friedrich von Kausler: Dictionary of battles, sieges and meetings of all peoples. From the fall of the Western Roman Empire to the beginning of the Crusades . Volume 3, p. 446, Ulm, published by the Stettinschen Buchhandlung, 1829 ( excerpt in the Google book search)
  2. ↑ Klaus Herbers & Helmut Neuhaus - The Holy Roman Empire: Scenes of a Thousand Years of History (843–1806), p. 71, Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2005