Hose gentian

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Hose gentian
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Hose gentian ( Gentiana utriculosa )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Gentian Family (Gentianaceae)
Genre : Gentians ( Gentiana )
Type : Hose gentian
Scientific name
Gentiana utriculosa
L.

The hose gentian ( Gentiana utriculosa ) is a plant from the genus of gentians ( Gentiana ) in the family of Gentianaceae (Gentianaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of the Alpine Flora , Plate 343
blossoms

Vegetative characteristics

The hose gentian is an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 6 to 25, rarely up to 35 centimeters. The stems are simple or branched.

The leaves are arranged opposite one another. The simple leaf blade is obovate or lanceolate with a blunt or pointed upper end. The leaf margin is weakly papillary . The basal leaf rosette usually wilts at the time of flowering.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to August. There are usually several flowers per stem.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused to 1/2 to 2/3 of their length to a seldom only 3, mostly 4 to 7 long calyx tube. The inflated, angular goblet tube is winged 2 to 3 millimeters wide on the five edges. The five calyx teeth are lanceolate and pointed. The deep blue, often greenish crown on the outside is shaped like a salver and 15 to 20 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Occurrence

Gentiana utriculosa is mainly found in the mountains of Central Europe , Italy and the Balkan Peninsula . It thrives on wet and humid, lime-rich , musty-humus clay, tufa or bog soils . In some areas, Gentiana utriculosa is a character species of the Primulo-Schoenetum from the association Caricion davallianae, but also occurs in plant communities of the association Molinion and in high areas of the association Seslerion albicantis. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part at the summit of the Grubachspitze near Vorderhornbach up to an altitude of 2100 meters.

This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.

Hazard and protection

The hose gentian is a particularly protected species according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV). In the Bavarian Red List of Endangered Plant Species, it is classified as "highly endangered". The hose gentian is contained by interfering with the water balance and reducing the natural habitat dynamics of the spring moors. Maintenance measures are essential to maintain the stock. In 1996 it was placed in the Red List of Endangered Plant Species in Germany in Category 2 = "highly endangered".

Taxonomy

The first publication of Gentiana utriculosa was in 1753 by Carl von Linné . The specific epithet utriculosa means multi-tubular.

literature

  • Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Gentiana. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 63 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Gentiana utriculosa L., hose gentian. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  757 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 344.
  4. ↑ Entry at WISIA of the BfN.
  5. ↑ B. Quinger, A. Zehm: Schlauch-Enzian, Gentiana utriculosa L. Retrieved on August 13, 2018 .

Web links

Commons : Hose gentian ( Gentiana utriculosa )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files