Schleswigsch
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Schleswig-Holstein | |
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Schleswigsch (also Schleswigisch , Schleswigisches Niederdeutsch ) describes the variant of Low German spoken in the former Duchy of Schleswig or today mainly in the Schleswig region .
Sub-dialects
Like the other dialects of Low German shares the Schleswigsche in many small dialects such as the Angelner- or Angeliter Platt, the Schwansener Platt , the Husum Platt and Nordschleswiger Platt or Nordschleswigsch (in the south of Denmark ). In large parts of North Frisia, a variant of Schleswig is spoken that is influenced by North Frisian . The Eiderstedter Platt is sometimes even regarded as an independent dialect of Low German.
Schleswig can be roughly divided into a western and an eastern variant. In the western area, the personal pronoun for the second person plural is jüm , jem or jim as a takeover from North Frisian. In the eastern area it reads as in Holstein ji , jü or as in Danish i .
Apart from the Eiderstedter Platt , the neighboring variant of Schleswig is Holstein in its variants.
Language development in the region
Schleswig is essentially a Low German dialect in the former Danish and North Frisian language area and thus a colonial dialect . Striking differences to Holstein and other Low German variants are correspondingly numerous words of Danish ( Danisms ) and North Frisian ( Friesisms ) origin. The initial sharp s can also be mentioned as such an interference phenomenon compared to the other vocal s . Schleswig also knows the special plural form of inflected verbs on -en as in we loopen instead of we loopt in Holstein. This -n / -t line runs today along the Schlei to the north of Bargum in North Friesland with a mixed zone to the south. At the end of the 19th century this line was even further south and ran between Eckernförde and Friedrichstadt. In many of the sub-dialects the initial g is pronounced as the fricative ch .
Even today, several languages are spoken in the area of Schleswig. These include Standard German (partly in the variant of North Schleswig German), North Frisian and Danish ( Standard Danish and variant Sydslesvigdansk ; Sønderjysk ). In addition, there is the High German-Low German mixed language Missingsch and the German-Danish mixed language Petuh, which is widespread in the Flensburg area .
Up to the Husum-Schwabstedt-Treene-Eckernförde line, the Danish dialect Sønderjysk was spoken in various variants such as Fjoldemål and Angel Danish until the 19th century . Since the late Middle Ages, however, influences from the German-speaking area caused a gradual change of language to Lower Saxony . The cities of Schleswig were particularly affected. North Frisian is still spoken in parts of North Frisia.
See also
Footnotes
- ^ Wolfgang Laur: Historical place-name dictionary of Schleswig-Holstein . 2nd Edition. Karl Wachtholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1992, ISBN 3-529-02726-X , p. 29 .
- ↑ Schleswigsch is spoken in the entire present-day part of Schleswig, including areas that are shown on the map as North Frisian or Danish; In addition, Schleswigsch is also spoken by part of the German minority in the adjacent Danish area (Northern Schleswig). The dialect border to Holstein / Dithmarscher Low German does not run (as shown on the map) at the level of the Meldorfer Bucht, but at the level of the mouth of the Eider.