Eberstein Castle (Eberstein)
The Eberstein Castle stands on a steep cliff above the Görtschitztal in the northeast of the Austrian province of Carinthia . It gave its name to the municipality of Eberstein , to whose municipality the Burgfelsen is today.
history
The original Eberstein Castle, first mentioned in the 11th century (1078), no longer exists today. The weir system, already described as dilapidated in the 17th century, was higher up on the mountain (Gutsche) and is now believed to have fallen victim to the dolomite works . The lower castle, today's Eberstein Castle, was a collection of residential buildings grouped around an inner courtyard. The castle goes back to a dispute between the Salzburg archbishop and the emperor. Eberstein and Friesach were Salzburg bases. In 1223 a distinction is made between a fortified tower (Alt - Eberstein) and the lower house (churchyard). 1433, Eustach von Eberstein, the last Ebersteiner dies.
In the 14th century the castle was owned by Görzer ministerials , who named themselves after her "Lords of Eberstein". After they died out, Moritz Welzer acquired their rule and seat in 1457. Under the Welz family, the lower castle was expanded in the second half of the 16th century. The Welzer had to sell as Protestants were forced to emigrate during the Counter Reformation . The castle passed to the Counts Christalnigg in 1630.
Under the Christalnigg family , who had become rich in the Hüttenberger mining industry, the Eberstein rulership flourished. At the end of the 18th century, the property included Gillitzstein , Hornburg, Waisenberg, Mittertrixen, Hagenegg bei Eisenkappel , a city palace in Klagenfurt (see Palais Christalnigg ), smelting facilities in Eberstein, Brückl, Rechberg, Obere and Untere Vellach, and later a castle Schletterhof in St. Donat and Meiselberg Castle came.
In 1851 and 1868, under the guidance of Count Alfred Christian Carl Christalnigg, extensive reconstruction of today's Eberstein Castle was carried out in historicizing, neo-Gothic forms (" Tudor Gothic "). Since its renovation in the 19th century, the castle has consisted of nested building complexes, with stepped gables, battlements and turrets attached like a bay window. With the decline of the Carinthian mining industry and the growing bourgeoisie, the extensive lifestyle of the landed nobility could no longer be financed. Most of the Christalnigg castles were as good as empty in the second half of the 19th century. Until 1935, Eberstein was owned by the Christallnigg family. Today the castle is privately owned.
The first wife of the last Eberstein Count Oskar Christalnigg, Countess Lucy Bellegarde, became known through a selfless relief effort during the First World War. On August 10, 1914, at the beginning of World War I, she drove in a car to pick up goods for the Red Cross. In Brezovo before Sprenica in the Socatal (Isonzo valley) she was shot - possibly accidentally. The family crypt of the Christalniggs is in St. Georg am Weinberg , although some family members are also buried in St. Michael am Zollfeld .
The castle chapel
The church of St. George is added to the south side of the complex; it was first mentioned in a document in 1252. Today's castle chapel was a parish church for a long time. The stained glass on the windows dates from the 19th century. An exposed wall fresco - the German-language inscriptions point to the Reformation period - symbolically contrasts the New Testament with the Old Testament on the left. The parapet of the gallery from the 19th century is painted with half-length portraits of the apostles .
The chapel's furnishings include the high altar and two side altars. The figures of the high altar are of different origins. At the center is St. George
Painted window of the castle chapel
Wall fresco
The gallery
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literature
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-218-00229-X .
- Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Lexicon. Castles and ruins, mansions, palaces and palaces . 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
- Michael Leischner, Alois Brandstetter: Castles and palaces in Carinthia . Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-520-4 .
- Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Wolfsberg, Friesach, St. Veit . Birken, Vienna 1977.
- Dehio Carinthia - topographical inventory of monuments . Verlag Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , p. 99
- Mary Christalnigg-Lippe: Figures and Fates. Innsbruck, Leipzig, 1937. [Count Oskar's second wife, née Lippe-Weißenfeld, lived on Eberstein until 1934 and describes in the book episodes from the First World War and the Carinthian defensive battle]
- Petra Svolsjak: The Isonzo Front, Ljubljana 2002.
- Joseph Mitterdorfer: The Eberstein Castle in Carinthia. With the story of the Welzer, ancestors of the Counts of Wels on Eberstein. In: Carinthia . 9th year. Publishers of the history association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt December 30, 1820, p. 1 f . ( ÖNB-ANNO ).
Web links
Coordinates: 46 ° 48 ′ 29.2 ″ N , 14 ° 33 ′ 25.4 ″ E
- Entry via Eberstein to Burgen-Austria
- Aerial photography
Individual evidence
- ↑ A stone cross at the site of the accident reminds of it to this day. Mary Christalnigg-Lippe, the second wife of Count Oskar, born Lippe-Weißenfeld, lived on Eberstein until 1934 and describes in the book Gestalten und Schicksale episodes from the First World War and the so-called "defensive struggle" in Carinthia