Scissor door

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First car with scissor doors: Alfa Romeo Carabo (1968)
Lamborghini Murciélago with open scissor doors
Concept vehicle VW Golf GTE Sport with open scissor doors

Scissor doors are vehicle doors that are hinged in the area of ​​the A-pillar and open to the front and upwards, the opening process usually being supported by gas pressure springs .

Manifestations

Scissor doors

Classic scissor doors are mostly used in the passenger car sector. They are often confused with double doors . For the first time, scissor doors were seen in 1968 on the Alfa Romeo Carabo show car designed by Marcello Gandini . Best known for the use of such doors is the Italian sports car manufacturer Lamborghini , the scissor doors at its models Countach , Diablo , Murcielago , Reventon and Aventador used or used. Countach and Diablo were designed by Marcello Gandini.

With the W Motors Lykan HyperSport , the scissor doors are also designed as suicide doors , as they are not hinged at the front, as usual, but at the back. This means that the super sports car has a unique selling point among production vehicles.

Butterfly doors

Butterfly door on the BMW i8
Opened butterfly door of a Toyota Sera

A mixed form of scissor and wing doors, often referred to as butterfly doors, comes among other things. a. used in the Toyota Sera , the McLaren F1 and the Ferrari Enzo Ferrari . With this construction, the doors open upwards towards the front, but also swing to the side and open part of the roof. The term butterfly doors is not clear in German, however, since doors hinged at the back (also: suicide doors) are also called that.

Retrofits

Audi TT Roadster with retrofitted scissor doors

Door hinges are available for many car models that enable the standard vehicle doors to be opened in the manner of a scissor door. Since the original installation position of the hinges and the shape of the doors are usually not changed, direct opening upwards is not possible, so that doors that have been converted in this way are initially opened to a certain angle as usual and only then pivoted upwards become.

disadvantage

In order to enable the doors to be opened to the front and upwards, the shape of the doors and the corresponding bodies cannot be chosen arbitrarily. In addition, measures must be taken to hold the doors reliably in their end position after opening (usually with gas pressure springs). This means - compared to classic, side-opening doors - additional effort and includes the risk of doors falling down like a guillotine if the holding system fails. As with vehicles with other types of doors that open upwards, no door can be opened if the vehicle is on the roof after an accident, but this does not affect the retrofit solutions; Here the doors can still be opened like normal doors if necessary. Furthermore, several additional adjustments have to be carried out in the retrofit solutions for many models, such as B. the change and the associated repainting of the front fenders and / or the extension of the door wiring harness.

Another problem is the need for upward space and the ceiling height required in garages.

More vehicle examples

Scissor doors

  • Bugatti EB110
  • Sports car from the Vector company
  • Audi Avus Quattro (prototype)
  • Dome Zero from 1978 (prototype)
  • Alfa Romeo Carabo from 1968 (prototype)

Butterfly doors