Black cane bamboo

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Black cane bamboo
Black reed bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra)

Black reed bamboo ( Phyllostachys nigra )

Systematics
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Bamboo (Bambusoideae)
Tribe : Bambuseae
Genre : Phyllostachys
Type : Black cane bamboo
Scientific name
Phyllostachys nigra
( Lodd. Ex Lindl. ) Munro

The black tube bamboo ( Phyllostachys nigra ) is a type of bamboo from China, which stands out for its black stalks . It was brought to Europe around 1823, making it probably the first bamboo to come to Europe.

description

The species forms short runners, which means that the stalks are in loose groups. They reach heights of 3 to 10 meters and a diameter of 1 to 4 centimeters, stand upright and overhanging at the tips. The internodes are 25 to 30 centimeters long and have walls about 3 millimeters thick. They are slightly ribbed, yellow-brown and powdered white below the knots . The straw sheaths are striped green, ciliate and hairy brown at the base. The auricles are large and merge into the blade. The leaves are 3 to 4 inches long and 0.8 to 1.8 inches wide and are two or three at the branch ends. They are dark green, bare and paper-like thin and provided with three to six pairs of nerves. Auricles and bristles are weak or missing.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.

Distribution and location requirements

The natural range of the species is in the province of Hunan in China. However, it is also cultivated in other areas of China and in many other countries. In Europe, the species was probably the first bamboo to be introduced around 1823.

Under natural conditions, the black reed bamboo occurs in open forests on slopes and in valleys and reaches altitudes of 1100 to 1200 meters.

Systematics

The black tube bamboo is a species from the genus Phyllostachys . This is attributed to the sub- tribus Shibataeinae in the tribe Bambuseae .

At least five subtaxa are distinguished:

  • Phyllostachys nigra var. Nigra : with initially green stalks, which later turn red-brown to brown-black
  • Phyllostachys nigra var. Henonis (Mitford) Rendle : with permanently green stalks
  • Phyllostachys nigra var. Boryana (Mitford) G.Nicholson : with initially green stalks, on which black spots later form
  • Phyllostachys nigra f. megurochiku I.Tsuboi : with green stalks and black sulcus
  • Phyllostachys nigra f. mejiro Muroi & H.Okamura : black stalk with yellow sulcus

The epithet nigra of the scientific name comes from Latin and means black; it indicates the color of the stalks.

use

The black tube bamboo is used as an ornamental plant. The young shoots are edible, but not very tasty. In Beijing , black cane bamboo is the dominant plant in a 48-hectare park, the "black cane bamboo park" in the Zizhuyuan street in the Haidian district .

proof

literature

  • Simon Crouzet, Oliver Colin: Bamboo . Österreichischer Agrarverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-7040-1952-6 , p. 62 .
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 695-696.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Crouzet, Colin: Bambus , p. 62
  2. ↑ Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , p. 695
  3. ↑ a b c d Phyllostachys nigra. In: Flora of China Vol. 22. www.eFloras.org, p. 175 , accessed on November 13, 2010 (English).
  4. ^ Tropicos. [1]

Web links

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