Senior Citizens' Convention in Freiberg
The SC zu Freiberg is the senior citizens' convent of the Corps at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg , which has been founded several times since 1841 . Rejected by the Kösener Seniors Convents Association in 1858 , the SC was accepted into the Weinheim Seniors Convent in 1873 (and 1902) .
history
After the Bergakademie Freiberg was founded in 1765 as a training center for civil servants for the Saxon mining and metallurgy industry, an academic liaison life soon developed under the favorable conditions offered by the Oberbergamt as a supervisory authority. As early as 1780, an "Order of the Erzgebirge" was mentioned. In addition, there was a compatriot "Franconia" of non-Saxon self-paying students, mainly from Bavaria and Thuringia . Documents from this period have not been preserved.
Montania
With the decline of the order and the flourishing of the Landsmannschaft, an "Erzgebirge Landsmannschaft" was formed on November 3, 1798, and since 1808 it has also been called "Montania". Its aim at the academy was to maintain the good tone, to preserve honor through the satisfaction principle and to preserve academic freedom. After the "Montania" was dissolved in 1817 with the confiscation of the inventory and files, the foreigners (non-Saxons) tried to gain the upper hand over the rest of the student body. For this reason, local residents and some members of the old Montania founded the Corps Montania on March 25, 1821. Several times Montania had to suspend because of official persecution and temporarily appeared under the code name "Oreania" until it had to stop its corps operations in the spring of 1837 despite an active population of twelve members and continued to exist as a loose association "Knappschaft".
Franconia
For some academics, this loose form of connection was not enough. Three former members of the Corps Franconia Jena founded the Corps Franconia on March 5, 1838. They took over drum and beer comments from the Senior Citizens' Convention in Leipzig . The three senior citizens came from Thuringia, so they were "foreigners". The Renoncen also came from other parts of the German Confederation . Even the Rhineland and the Duchy of Schleswig were represented. As self-paying students, there were no other obligations besides the financial liabilities - tuition fees and college fees. They were practically beyond any disciplinary authority and the members of Franconia are therefore most frequently recorded in the academy files for gross nonsense. The corps of "foreigners" aroused the indignation of the Saxon "natives". Therefore, old mining and mining reopened the Montania with other mining academics on February 1, 1841.
Foundation of the SC
The founding day of SC zu Freiberg is February 22nd, 1841, when Montania, the younger corps, played three games at Franconia. Before that, only one corps had existed for long periods of time, between 1821 and 1837 only the Montania and from 1838 to 1841 the Franconia. On the evening of February 22nd, the seniors of both corps met for the first joint SC. However, the unity among them did not last long, but ended in mutual declarations of disrepute , especially since the Montanes saw the Franks as "strangers" in Freiberg; because initially mainly "scholarship holders" had gathered in the Corps Montania who had committed themselves as civil servants for the mining and steel industry in the Kingdom of Saxony . When Franconia then accepted more and more scholarship holders and made it easier for them to join by levying the corps contributions according to the monthly change of their members in 1842, the conflict between the two corps intensified.
Saxo-Borussia
The SC was blown up again in 1842. In order not to allow themselves to be isolated, some coal and steel companies donated the new Corps Saxo-Borussia Freiberg. After it was crunched out, the three corps agreed on January 21, 1843 in a new SC to process a comment . The Leipziger Allgemeine, Pauk- und Biercomment, valid up to then, was reworked into a Freiberg SC-Comment after a resolution of January 24, 1843 .
In spite of this, the corps repeatedly got entangled in dealing with each other, with their members trying to get out of the corps students by brisk, rough-legged contracting. In 1843 there were about 80 drummers with barely 70 students, including various on sabers or pistols. This is why the initially large number of assets among the Franks and Montanes soon declined, while Saxo-Borussia received a strong increase.
Franco-Montania
In order not to let their corps collapse, the seniors agreed on a merger to form Franco-Montania. This new corps now got into a dispute with the blossoming Saxo-Borussia, which again ended in mutual disrepute. After barely three years of existence, the SC was dissolved again. In addition, there were social disputes of rank between Franco-Montanen and the officers of the Reiter Regiment stationed in Freiberg, which ended in a pistol duel with a fatal outcome. The Mountain Academy was closed by the Saxon Ministry of Finance for six weeks at the duel seniors the Franco Montania, participating as the seconds Manuel Ortigosa and Hans Max Philipp von Beust were without hearing relegated and deported. The Corps Franco-Montania was dissolved and Saxo-Borussia was forced to suspend soon after. There was no longer any student connection in Freiberg.
Resurgence of the Corps
A SC was not constituted again until the end of March 1849, after a new Corps Franconia had been donated by foreign corps students and five Saxon Prussians. Ernst Zachariae Starkenburgiae brought the colors and Carl Holzmann Franconiae Karlsruhe the name of the corps. In order to have a second corps on site, people were posted to a Corps Saxonia ; however, it had a short lifespan. Even with the renewed Montania there was no friendly relationship for many years. Eventually, both corps realized that they stood by the same principles. So they formed a new SC on April 3, 1854, which immediately dealt with the revision of the comment. In particular, it regulated the relationship between the SC and the rest of the student body.
Kösener rejection
In order to prevent further disputes, an application was made on May 13, 1858 to join the Kösener SC Association , which has now been founded . This application was recommended by the numerous Kösener Corps students who became active or frequented the Freiberger Corps. Only after eight months did the negative reply from the suburb of Heidelberg come in , because “according to the statute, the Kösener SC is only able to accept corps from universities”.
When the unity of the SC suffered another shock at the end of 1859, Montania used its large corps inventory and founded the suspended Saxo-Borussia with four corps boys on March 13, 1860. The new SC was constituted on March 17, 1860 with the Corps Montania, Franconia and Saxo-Borussia.
Competition of free students
In the meantime, attendance at the Bergakademie had increased in an unexpected way, so that the members of the corps no longer made up the majority of the student body. A strong opposition arose from free students against the rule of the SC, which according to its tradition it was wont to exercise with the application of the comment in all student affairs . That is why it was decided in the SC on June 4, 1861 to only demand recognition of the declarations of disrepute from fellow students who use the SC and who compete on student fencing weapons. Attempts were made to stop the dwindling influence by organizing regular general meetings ; however, Saxo-Borussia had already resigned from the SC on May 31, 1861 because of an honorary matter.
Although the relationship between Montania and Franconia had always been clouded, one now had to show unity to the outside world, especially since on June 19, 1863 an association of Freiberg non-liaison academics was founded, whose members refused to give any satisfaction . The SC was able to temporarily strengthen its position when Saxo-Borussia was resumed on May 20, 1863.
Effects of the Wars of Unification
But now the decline in the number of German and Austrian students caused a weakening of the corps, caused by the political situation, the German-Danish War in 1864 and the German War in 1866. Montania was the first to disband on November 24, 1864 due to a lack of members. Saxo-Borussia followed on March 23, 1865. The decline was later attributed to an overly extensive connoisseur being.
Finally, Franconia also dissolved on August 1, 1867 and only reappeared ten years later. Without belonging to the SC, Montania had meanwhile restituted again. It was even able to survive the Franco-Prussian War without suspension. This was only possible through the admission of a large number of non-Germans. The SC zu Freiberg was later accused by the WSC of having too large a number of foreigners in its ranks.
Teutonia
Even the SC was able to be renewed when the Corps Teutonia, which had arisen from a fencing group, was added on May 25, 1867. Its members had already fought with Montania, so recognition was not denied. But Teutonia first had to get out of the corps and renonc for four weeks. The relationship between the two corps stood out against the earlier times because of its friendliness, and so this SC survived the ten-year period, which was long for the time, with only three short interruptions.
Admission to the WSC
After the end of the Franco-German war, the number of students in Freiberg rose sharply, so that the two Corps Montania and Teutonia could also benefit from it. On April 3, 1873, they applied to Weinheimer SC for admission. Already on May 2, 1873, the affirmative answer of the SC in Karlsruhe was received as a suburb, and the Freiberg SC was solemnly accepted into the WSC on May 30, 1873 without any conditions. When, however, two years later the WSC subsequently demanded the cramming, the SC zu Freiberg demonstratively resigned. Only Teutonia single-handedly rejoined the WSC on May 4, 1877. Montania tried to avoid the threat of isolation by re-establishing the suspended Franconia on May 8, 1877. As a result, on July 16, 1877, Teutonia restituted the dissolved Saxo-Borussia, which now also joined the WSC.
Two senior citizens' conventions
Now there were four corps at the Freiberg Bergakademie for the first time, but they ran their business in two separate SC and discredited one another. The SC, consisting of Montania and Franconia, entered into a punk relationship with the SC at the Tharandt Forest University , while the other SC from Teutonia and Saxo-Borussia fought with the SC in Dresden. Only through the mediation of old gentlemen were the mutual disreputable declarations canceled on November 21, 1878. However, Montania joined the WSC on June 9, 1881, as in the meantime Saxo-Borussia had to suspend on April 1, 1880 and Franconia on March 26, 1881. A period of temporary decline was followed by a renewed bloom, so that from the winter semester 1882/83 there were again four corps in Freiberg, united in one SC.
Association problems with the WSC
But the positive conditions in Freiberger SC now faced difficulties with the WSC. Several SC at polytechnic schools applied to exclude the SC at the Bergakademien Freiberg and Clausthal from the WSC; but since their application was not accepted, they themselves declared their resignation, so that the WSC now only consisted of the corps from Freiberg, Clausthal, Dresden and Darmstadt. The association meetings no longer took place in Weinheim, but at the headquarters of the respective suburbs. However, one corps after the other crumbled away from this old WSC and joined the WSC, which was newly constituted by Hanover, Karlsruhe, Stuttgart and Braunschweig on May 5, 1884. The old WSC finally consisted only of the Freiberger and Clausthaler SC and dissolved on February 1, 1889. Two separate WSC associations had existed for almost five years. Only after many years did the mood in the WSC become favorable again for a new addition to the Freiberger SC. Without having to renounce, he became a full member on May 14, 1902. Freiberger SC supported the interests of the WSC in every way and with all its might
End and new beginning
The DC circuit in the era of National Socialism brought 1935 the temporary end of the Corps in Freiberg. Teutonia resigned and suspended from the WSC on October 19, 1935. The three other corps supported the comradeship "Wöller" from 1938, which from 1943 onwards was called the comradeship "Berghauptmann von Herder".
After the war, the Freiberg Corps found a new home at the Bergakademie Clausthal and RWTH Aachen . Saxo-Borussia restituted on January 24, 1992 with the help of Borussia Clausthal and Saxo-Montania again at the TU Bergakademie Freiberg and forms the Saxon SC with Teutonia Dresden and Old Saxony .
literature
- The Freiberger SC (Fr. SC) , in: Hans Schüler: Weinheimer SC-Chronik . Darmstadt 1927.
- Erich Siegfried: The Corps Franconia in Freiberg 1838 - 1910 . Leipzig 1910.
- Max Blau, Gottfried Schilling: Corps Montania Freiberg / Saxony . Giessen 1977.
- Alfred Kunze, Adolf Berve u. a .: Corps Saxo-Borussia Freiberg i. Sa. Ratingen 1982.
- Ernst Schiffer: Contributions to the history of the Corps Palaeo-Teutonia (Corps Teutonia Freiberg) .
- Horst-Ulrich Textor: The Corps Franconia Freiberg 1838-1935 (1953). Aachen 2005.
- Horst-Ulrich Textor: The Bergakademie Freiberg and the customs of its students . Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 41 (1996), pp. 227-241.
- Horst-Ulrich Textor: The long way of the Freiberger SC into the WSC . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 45 (2000), pp. 241-256.
- Horst-Ulrich Textor: The relations between the corps in Freiberg and Tharandt . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 47 (2002), pp. 281-294.
- Horst-Ulrich Textor: The comradeships at the Bergakademie Freiberg between 1933 and 1945 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 48 (2003), pp. 283-297.
Individual evidence
- ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 153.