Sergei Andreevich Muromtsev

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Sergei A. Muromtsev (1905)

Sergei Andrejewitsch Muromzew (also Sergej Muromzev ; Russian Сергей Андреевич Муромцев ; * 23 September July / 5 October  1850 greg. In Saint Petersburg ; † 4 October July / 17 October  1910 greg. In Moscow ) was a Russian legal scholar and university professors . He was chairman of the first State Duma in the Russian Empire (1906).

Life

He was a Russian aristocrat from Tula and the son of Andrei Petrovich Muromzew (1818–1879) and Anna Kharkov (1822–1901). In 1867 he began studying law at the Moscow Imperial University . After graduation, he went to Germany in 1873 to continue his studies at the University of Göttingen. In 1875 he finally became a lecturer at Moscow University.

In 1877 Muromzew completed his habilitation, became Russia's youngest law professor and taught Roman law at the Imperial University of Moscow. From 1879 to 1892 he was the editor of the legal journal "Yuridicheskii vestnik" . From 1880 to 1899 he was the chairman of the Moscow Legal Society. In 1884, along with other colleagues, he was dismissed from the Higher Education Office at Moscow University for political unreliability for having propagated overly liberal ideas.

Muromzew then practiced as a lawyer. In 1897 he was elected as a member of the Moscow City Council. Muromzew was also later politically active in various local bodies. In 1903 he was one of the founders of the party of the Constitutional Democrats , of which he was chairman in 1905 for several years.

During the democratization movement in the Russian Empire of Tsar Nicholas II , he was elected chairman of the first State Duma in the Russian Empire on May 10, 1906, which was founded in April but was dissolved on July 21, 1906. Muromzew opposed this dissolution and signed the " Vyborg Manifesto ", which is why he was imprisoned for three months in 1907. He was then no longer allowed to be politically active, but was again appointed professor of law at Moscow University.

Muromzew is considered to be the author of the first democratic constitution.

He was friends with the lawyer and later also politically active Vladimir Dmitrijewitsch Nabokow , father of the future writer Vladimir Nabokov . This was also a member of the “Constitutional Democrats” party. Shortly before his death, Muromzew stayed in Bad Kissingen with the Nabokov family in autumn 1910 . He died just a few days later. He was buried (according to today's Gregorian calendar) on October 20, 1910 in the Donskoy cemetery in Moscow. Today Muromzew is largely forgotten, even in Russia. But on the day of his funeral, hundreds of thousands came to his grave. His name stood for the struggle for the constitution and freedom and for the victory of law.

His niece Vera Muromzewa was married to the Russian writer Ivan Alexejewitsch Bunin (1870-1953).

The writer WG Sebald mentions Muromzew's and Nabokov's stay in Bad Kissingen in his book The Emigrants .

Works (selection)

  • The civil law of ancient Rome . Lessons. Moscow 1883
  • positivism

literature

Web links

Commons : Sergei Andreevich Muromtsev  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ WG Sebald: The emigrants . Eichborn, Frankfurt am Main 1992, p. 319 f.
  2. Kyrill Muromzew is Sergei Muromzew's grandson