Sibillini Mountains

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The Sibillini Mountains ( Italian Monti Sibillini) are a mountain group in the northern part of the Central Apennines ; the greater part of the mountain range lies in the Marche region , the smaller part in Umbria . Core areas of the Sibillini Mountains are protected as the Monti Sibillini National Park, which also includes parts of both regions. The highest point of the Sibillini Mountains is the Monte Vettore with 2478 m .

geography

The Sibillini Mountains as seen from Fermo from
Landscape of the northern Sibillini Mountains

The mountain range lies between the towns of Camerino (in the north), Norcia (in the west) and Ascoli Piceno (in the east). It extends in north-northwest-south-southeast direction over a length of about 35 km, with a width of about 20 km. As a neighboring mountain group, the slightly lower Monti della Laga connect to the southeast . In the central part of the Sibillini Mountains, 17 peaks reach more than 2000 msm; In addition to Monte Vettore (2478 m), the next lower peaks are the Cima del Redentore (2449 m), Pizzo Regina (2334 m), Pizzo Berro (2259 m), Monte Quarto di S. Lorenzo (2250 m) and the Monte Porche (2235 m). Further geographical features are the Lago di Pilato , a high mountain lake below the Monte Vettore at 1940 msm, and the Piano Grande di Castelluccio, a plateau of around 15 square kilometers at 1273 msm.

The geological conditions in the center of the Sibillini Mountains are determined by Mesozoic rocks ; it is limestone in various forms. Tertiary layers are decisive in the peripheral areas . Karst phenomena play a major role in the surface forms, and earlier glaciation in the higher elevations.

Flora and vegetation

The natural vegetation of the Sibillini Mountains is formed at altitudes of up to about 1000 m on chalk-rich locations of mixed forests with hop beech ( Ostrya carpinifolia ) and manna ash ( Fraxinus ornus ); Downy oak ( Quercus pubescens ), Zerr oak ( Quercus cerris ) or sweet chestnut ( Castanea sativa ) predominate in locations with little base or sandy areas . The level of the red beech forests connects over 1000 m. The potential natural tree line would be 1800 m; In addition to the common beech ( Fagus sylvatica ), the silver fir ( Abies alba ) , which has now almost disappeared in the Sibillini Mountains, was represented at the tree line . The tree line was shifted significantly downwards by the people who worked; at its altitude there are mostly grazed grasslands today; a previously existing subalpine Krummholz zone has disappeared.

The flora of the national park includes around 1800 different types of flowering plants ; there are also representatives of the other groups (mosses, ferns, gymnosperms).

literature

  • Lippi-Boncambi, Cesare: I Monti Sibillini. 77 pp. (Ricerche sulla Morfologia e Idrografia Carsica X.) 1948.
  • Marchesoni, Vittorio: Studio floristico e fitogeografico dei Monti Sibillini (Appennin Umbro-Marchigiano). In: Braun-Blanquetia 38: 11-23. 2005.
  • Pedrotti, Franco: Flora, vegetazione e paesaggio vegetale del Parco Nazionale dei Monti Sibillini. 47 pp. (Quaderni scientifico-divulgativi No. 3.) 2002.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lippi-Boncambi 1948, p. 11
  2. ↑ Marchesoni 2005, p. 12
  3. ↑ Marchesoni 2005, p. 13 with a map of the mountain groups of the Central Apennines
  4. ↑ Marchesoni 2005, p. 14
  5. ↑ Lippi-Boncambi 1948, p. 11
  6. ^ Carta Geologica d'Italia - Norcia. Foglio 132 della Carta al 100,000 dell'Istituto geografico militare. (1941) (digitized edition: http://193.206.192.231/carta_geologica_italia/tavoletta.php?foglio=132 ); and Carta Geologica d'Italia - Macerata. Foglio 124 della Carta 1: 100.000 dell'IGM (II Ediz. 1967) (digitized edition: http://193.206.192.231/carta_geologica_italia/tavoletta.php?foglio=124 )
  7. ^ Scarsella, Franco: Sulla geomorfologia dei Piani di Castelluccio e sul carsismo nei Monti Sibillini. In: Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 66 (1): 28-36. 1948.
  8. ↑ Belloni, S., Martinis, B. & Orombelli, G .: Karst of Italy. In: Herak, M. & Stringfield, VT (eds.): Karst. Important karst regions of the northern hemisphere: 85–128. Amsterdam (Elsevier), 1972.
  9. ↑ Jaja, G .: Escursioni nei Sibillini (Appennino centrale). In: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana 42 (6): 444-464. 1905. See pp. 457f.
  10. ↑ Pedrotti 2002, p. 11
  11. ↑ Pedrotti 2002, p. 14
  12. ↑ Pedrotti 2002, p. 25