Siberian elm

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Siberian elm
Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila)

Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Elm family (Ulmaceae)
Genre : Elms ( ulmus )
Type : Siberian elm
Scientific name
Ulmus pumila
L.

The Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila ) or dwarf elm is a deciduous tree from the elm genus . The distribution area extends from eastern Siberia and Mongolia to northern China.

description

The Siberian elm is a deciduous tree or shrub with a domed crown that reaches a height of 10 to 20 meters. The branches are hairy or bare. The bark is deeply cracked. The leaves are elliptical to ovate-lanceolate, coarse, 2 to 6 centimeters long, pointed or pointed with an almost symmetrical base. The leaf margin is almost simply serrated. The upper side of the leaf is deep green and glabrous, the underside slightly hairy. Ten to twelve sunken pairs of nerves are formed. The petiole becomes 2 to 4 millimeters long. The flowers have a very short stalk and are in dense clusters. Four to five stamens with purple anthers are formed. Flowering time is in April. The fruits are spherical nuts 1 to 1.5 centimeters thick . The seed body stands above the middle in a deeply incised wing edge.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.

  • leaves

  • fruit

Distribution and ecology

The natural range of the Siberian elm extends from Eastern Siberia over the Amur region , Central Asia and Mongolia to Northern China. There they are found as steppe trees and in dry forests on dry to fresh, weakly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy, sandy-gravelly or sandy-loamy, nutrient-rich soils in sunny to light-shady locations. The species is fast-growing and insensitive to drought. It is considered to be resistant to Dutch elm disease . In the United States and Canada it was introduced by humans.

Systematics

The Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila ) is a species from the genus of the elm ( Ulmus ). There it is assigned to the Ulmus section in the Ulmus sub-genus . A synonym of the species is Ulmus campestris var. Pumila Maxim.

In addition to the nominate form Ulmus pumila var. Pumila , the variety Ulmus pumila var. Arborea Litv. differentiated, which is referred to as a synonym as Ulmus turkestanica rule and is understood as a separate species. Their growth is initially conical, with the branches later more or less overhanging. The leaves are elliptical-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4 to 7 inches long and simply serrate.

use

The Siberian elm is used in the United States for prairie afforestation and windbreaks. In Central Europe, the arborea variety is mostly planted in parks and gardens.

proof

literature

  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 662.
  • Schütt, Schuck, Stimm: Lexicon of tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 544 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Schütt et al .: Lexicon of Tree and Shrub Species, p. 544
  2. ↑ a b c Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , p. 662
  3. ↑ Ulmus pumila at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ a b Ulmus pumila. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed December 28, 2010 .

Web links

Commons : Siberian Elm  - Collection of images, videos and audio files