Wyrzysk
| Wyrzysk | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Pilski | ||
| Area : | 4.12 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 9 ′ N , 17 ° 16 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 90 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 5146 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 89-300 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | ||
| License plate : | PP | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Bydgoszcz – Piła | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 18 school offices | ||
| Surface: | 190.68 km² | ||
| Residents: | 13,948 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 73 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3019083 | ||
| administration | |||
| Community leader : | Bogusława Jagodzińska | ||
| Address: | ul.Bydgoska 29 89-300 Wyrzysk |
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| Website : | www.wyrzysk.pl | ||
Wyrzysk ( German Wirsitz ) is a town with the seat of a town-and-country municipality of the same name in the Powiat Pilski of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland .
Geographical location
The city is located north of the city of Poznan between hills on the Lobsonka river, a tributary of the Netze (Polish Noteć). The distance to the city of Bydgoszcz in the east is about 60 kilometers.
history
Documents from which the details of the founding of the city could be found have not been preserved. When the city was annexed by Prussia in 1773 , it was owned by Count Werbno Rydzinski together with the associated manor. He sold the manor in 1784 to Frederick the Great , who converted it into a state domain office . Wirsitz has been a free city since then. Friedrich had a church built for the Evangelicals.
From 1816 to 1920 Wirsitz was the administrative location of the district Wirsitz in the administrative district of Bromberg in the Prussian province of Posen .
After the First World War , Wirsitz and the district area were given to Poland on the basis of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . Many German families emigrated from the city, which until then had been mostly inhabited by Germans, in order to avoid having their sons serve in the Polish-Soviet war . However, a German part of the population remained in the city.
During the invasion of Poland in 1939 were in Wirsitz, Lobsens and other places vigilante groups formed to protect the German minorities from attacks. 26 Poles were killed by Germans in fighting in the Protestant cemetery.
From 1939 to 1945 Wirsitz was the administrative location of the Wirsitz district in the newly established Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . In the period that followed, the German minority was expelled from Wirsitz.
Population development
- until 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1783 | 207 | 96 Protestant Germans, 53 Poles and 58 Jews |
| 1816 | 439 | including 218 Evangelicals, 173 Catholics and 48 Jews |
| 1837 | 999 | |
| 1861 | 1,048 | |
| 1885 | 1,577 | 735 Protestants, 692 Catholics and 150 Jews |
| 1905 | 1,532 | including 650 Protestants and 80 Jews |
- since 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 2014: | 5,172 |
local community
The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) includes the town of Wyrzysk and another 18 districts ( German names, officially until 1945 ) with a Schulzenamt (sołectwo) :
- Auguścin
- Bąkowo
- Dąbki
- Dobrzyniewo ( Dobrzyniewo , 1939–1945 Dobbertin )
- Falmierowo ( Falmierowo , 1939–1945 Charlottenburg )
- Glesno ( Glesno , 1942–1945 Glessen )
- Gromadno ( Gromaden , 1942–1945 Schwabensee )
- Karolewo-Wiernowo
- Konstantynowo ( Konstantinowo , 1942–1945 Köstenhauland )
- Kosztowo ( Kosztowo , 1939–1945 Friedrichshöhe )
- Kościerzyn Wielki ( Karlsbach (?))
- Młotkówko ( Mlotkowko , 1939–1945 Seeburg )
- Osiek nad Notecią ( Ossiek , 1939–1942 Netzthal , 1942–1945 Netztal )
- Polanowo ( Eichfelde )
- Ruda ( Ruda , 1939–1945 Johannisburg )
- Rzęszkowo
- Wyrzysk Skarbowy ( Wirsitz Office , 1942–1945 Wirsitzamt )
- Żuławka ( Zulawka , 1939–1945 Friedrichshorst )
Other localities in the municipality are:
- Anusin
- Baghdad
- Gleszczonek
- Hercowo
- Klawek
- Komorovo
- Marynka
- Masłowo
- Nowe Bielawy
- Ostrówek
- Polinowo
- Pracz
- Wyciąg
- Wydmuchowo
- Zielona Góra
- Żelazno
Personalities
- Urszula Bejga (* 1989), Polish volleyball player
- Wernher von Braun (1912–1977), German-American rocket engineer
- Hans-Dieter Haas (* 1943), German economic geographer and university professor
- Michał Mędlewski (1912–1997), Polish artist
- Franciszek Ksawery z Wrbna Rydzyński (1734–1814), Bishop of Kulm
literature
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Volume 2, Marienwerder 1789, Part I, pp. 98-99, No. 3).
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, p. 466.
Web links
- Wirsitz-Land district in Danzig-West Prussia
- German topographer. Map, 2869 Wirsitz (1: 25000), edition 1940
- William Remus: Wirsitz (Wyrzysk), Kreis Wirsitz, West Prussia (2007) (English)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Goldbeck (1789), pp. 98-99, No. 3).
- ↑ a b c d Wuttke (1864), p. 466.
- ^ Christian Jansen and Arno Weckbecker: The "Volksdeutsche Selbstschutz" in Poland 1939/1940 . Oldenbourg, Munich 1992, p. 45.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. pos_wirsitz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 20, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 687.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k cf. web link Wirsitz-Land district in Danzig-West Prussia - community renaming
- ^ Karlsbach in the Genealogical Directory of Places
