Sidonia Hedwig Fencing Man

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Sidonia Hedwig zunemann, wreathed with the poet's laurel, 1738

Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann (born January 15, 1711 in Erfurt , † December 11, 1740 near Plaue ) was a German poet .

Life

Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann was born in 1711 as the daughter of the lawyer and notary Paul Nikolaszaunemann in Erfurt and grew up there in a strictly religious bourgeois family, in whose apartment she lived until her early death in 1740. Already at an early stage she showed a tendency to break out of traditional female role models. She was characterized by a great eagerness to learn and taught herself French and Latin on an autodidactic basis .

Since it was not possible for a woman to travel unaccompanied or without male protection at this time, she traveled on horseback and disguised as a man. In this way, she often visited her sister in the mining town of Ilmenau . She was one of the first women ever to visit a mine , an arduous undertaking at the time that involved driving into the mountain for several hours. She processed her impressions from inside the earth in the poem Das Ilmenauische Bergwerk (1737).

Zaunemann's most famous works include her poems. Initially, she wrote casual poems for weddings and other festivities. She provided the preface for the Curieusen and perpetual astronomical-meteorological-economic women's room travel and hand calendar of the year 1737 by Johann Michael Funcke .

Christiana Mariana von Ziegler (1695–1760) referred to her as her poetic role model , who was more adapted to the social norms for the female sex and her class and also better known as a fence man. In 1733, Ziegler received the title Poeta laureata ( imperial-crowned poet ) from the University of Wittenberg ; she was "the first woman to be honored by a university with the poetic laurel wreath". In 1738 Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann received this honorary title from the University of Göttingen .

Grave in Plaue

In her literary work, she radically and confidently attacked the social supremacy of men and condemned the widespread belief that women are second-class people. Because of her sharp tongues and her unconventional life, she was considered an outsider. Her influence on later born female poets was therefore less than that of Christiana Mariana von Ziegler. However, her less pronounced influence on her successors is also due to her short life span of just 29 years; Ziegler was more than twice as old.

Sidoniazaunemann drowned on one of her rides in 1740. When crossing a bridge over the Gera near Angelroda that had been damaged by floods , she fell into the floods.

Main work

  • Sidonia Hedwig zunemannin, poet crowned imperially, poetic roses in buds. Erfurt, 1738. Printed and published by Johann Heinrich Nonne.

literature

  • Fencing man, Sidonia Hedwig, in: Johann Heinrich Zedler (Hrsg.), Large complete Universal Lexicon of All Sciences and Arts, Volume 60, Leipzig 1749, Column 1126–1127 ( digitized version ).
  • Paulus Cassel : Erfurt and the woman of the fence. A literary-historical sketch, in: Weimarisches Jahrbuch für deutsche Sprache, Litteratur und Kunst, Volume 3 (1855), pp. 426–457 ( digitized version ).
  • Woldemar Lippert :zaunemann, Sidonia Hedwig, in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Volume 44, Leipzig 1898, pp. 723-725 ( online ).
  • Gisela Brinker-Gabler (ed.): German poets from the 16th century to the present . Frankfurt am Main 1978, pp. 121-128.
  • Gisela Brinker-Gabler: The feminine self. Considerations for the analysis of works by female authors with an example from the 18th century: Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann, in: Wolfgang Paulsen (Ed.), Die Frau als Heldin und Autorin. New critical approaches to German literature, Bern and Munich 1979, pp. 55–65.
  • Jean M. Woods, Maria Fürstenwald: writers, artists and learned women of the German baroque. A lexicon. Stuttgart 1984, pp. 135-136.
  • Göttingen in the 18th century. A city changes its face. Texts and materials for the exhibition in the Städtisches Museum and Göttingen City Archives April 26 - August 30, 1987. Göttingen 1987, pp. 326–327.
  • Magdalene Heuser: Decorate the muse choir with a new honor. Women writers at the time of the Early Enlightenment, in: Gisela Brinker-Gabler (Ed.), German literature by women, Volume 1: From the Middle Ages to the end of the 18th century. Munich 1988, pp. 293-313, pp. 307-313.
  • Paul Brosin: Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann and her inspection of the Ilmenau mine in 1737, in: From the past of the city of Erfurt, NF Volume 7 (1989) Issue 7, pp. 72-76.
  • Sabine Koloch: Award and media culture of the Enlightenment. The coronation medals for the Thuringian poet Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann - contemporary sources, people involved, cultural-political signaling function, on: Goethezeitportal (PDF online [2] ) (8/8/2015).
  • Sabine Koloch: Role spectrum recording - a heuristic method to develop the potential impact of authors using Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann as an example. With marginal notes on the crisis in German literary studies and with suggestions for a future literature dictionary. In: Yearbook for International German Studies, Volume 48 (2016), Issue 1, pp. 73–120 (digitized version [3] ).

Web links

Wikisource: Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Sabine Koloch: Role spectrum recording - a heuristic method to develop the impact potential of authors using the example of Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann. With marginal notes on the crisis in literary German studies and with suggestions for a literature lexicon of the future, In: Yearbook for international German studies, Volume 48 (2016), Issue 1, pp. 73–120, p. 7 (year of birth 1711) and p. 116: "Fencing man, Sidonia Hedwig, * January 15th, 1711 Erfurt, † December 11th, 1740 in the flood of the Zahmer Gera not far from Plaue. - Author of poems and prose, contributor to a learned magazine, educator in the area of ​​Wolffianism, early feminist ”.
  2. Paulus Cassel: Erfurt and the fence man. A literary-historical sketch. Hanover: Rümpler 1857, p. 33f.
  3. ^ Digitized version of the preface, SLUB Dresden [1] .
  4. Sabine Koloch: Award and media culture of the Enlightenment. The coronation medals for the Thuringian poet Sidonia Hedwig Zigarunemann - contemporary sources, people involved, cultural-political signaling function, on: Goethezeitportal 2015, p. 4.
  5. ↑ On this point of contention see the articles Querelle des femmes and Whether women are human beings or not? .
  6. The volume is dedicated to Empress Anna Ivanovna of Russia.