Sidonie Nádherná from Borutín
Sidonie Nádherná von Borutín , from 1898 Freiin Nádherná von Borutín (born December 1, 1885 in Vrchotovy Janovice , Austria-Hungary ; † September 30, 1950 in Harefield , London ) (also: Sidonie Nádherný , Sidi for short , Czech Sidonie Nádherná z Borutína ) was a Bohemian baroness and salonnière .
Life
Sidonie Amálie Vilemína Karolína Julie Marie Nádherná von Borutín was the youngest child of the landowner Karel Boromejský Jan Ludvík Ritter Nádherný von Borutín (1849–1895) and his wife Amalie Klein von Wisenberg (1854–1910), a daughter of the entrepreneur Albert Klein (family) from Wisenberg. Her older brothers were Jan Karel Ludvík Sidonius Adalbert Julius Otmar Maria and Karel Maria Ludvík Hubert Adalbert Nádherný von Borutín, with whom she was raised to the status of Austrian baron on May 13, 1898.
Nádherná achieved literary fame through her friendship with the poet Rainer Maria Rilke , with whom she corresponded from 1906 until his death in 1926, and her friendship, then love for the writer Karl Kraus . She met Kraus, who fell in love with her, on September 8, 1913 in the Viennese Café Imperial. They had a conflicted, but long and intensive relationship with Kraus until his death. Kraus would have liked to legalize this, but Rilke perfidiously thwarted a marriage with the reference to an "ineradicable difference" (apparently what was meant was Kraus' Jewish origin).
In 1914 Sidonie planned to enter a befitting marriage with a count, which prevented the start of the world war. In 1915 she was reconciled with Kraus, who wrote large parts of his drama The Last Days of Mankind at Janowitz Castle . In 1918, at the end of the war, she broke up with him again. In 1920 she married the Austrian physician Maximilian von Thun and Hohenstein (1887–1935) in Heiligenkreuz Abbey , but separated from him a year later, but did not divorce him until 1933. At the end of 1920, Kraus and Sidonie were reconciled again. In 1924 there was another break, in 1927 the last reconciliation, which was no longer followed by great passion.
The correspondence that Sidonie von Nádherná maintained with Rilke and Kraus has meanwhile been published and documents her importance as a discussion partner, "creative listener" and representative of a late Habsburg culture.
Nádherná was not only the friend of famous men, but also an emancipated and culturally interested woman. She organized numerous political and cultural salons on the family estate of Janowitz Castle near Prague . In addition to Kraus and Rilke, their circle also included the architect Adolf Loos , the writer Karel Čapek , the composer Dora Pejačević and the painter Max Švabinský .
In 1942, Janowitz Castle was confiscated by German troops and assigned to the SS military training area in Bohemia . After the war Nádherná tried in vain to get the family property back. Janowitz Castle was used by the army and expropriated by the Czechoslovak communists in 1948. Nádherná was briefly arrested and fled to Great Britain via Bavaria. In 1950 she died impoverished in exile in England.
In 1999 her coffin was transferred to Janowitz Castle and buried there in the castle grounds. The castle and park were restored between 2000 and 2007 in a Czech-German collaboration and became a cultural and scientific meeting place.
literature
biography
- Alena Wagnerová : The life of Sidonie Nádherný. A biography . European Publishing House, Hamburg 2003, ISBN 3-434-50543-1 .
Correspondence
- Elke Lorenz: "Be her, be my messenger". The correspondence between Sidonie Nádherný and Albert Bloch , Iudicium, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-89129-742-4 (German / English).
- Karl Kraus: Letters to Sidonie Nádherný from Borutin. 1913-1936 , 2 volumes, edited by Friedrich Pfäfflin, Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 978-3-89244-934-8 .
- Rainer Maria Rilke - Sidonie Nádherný von Borutin, correspondence 1906–1926 , edited by Joachim W. Storck with the collaboration of Waltraud and Friedrich Pfäfflin, Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89244-983-6 .
- Friedrich Pfäfflin, Alena Wagnerová (ed.): Garden Beauty or The Destruction of Central Europe: Sidonie Nádherný - Letters to Václav Wagner 1942–1949 Wallstein, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8353-1618-8 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Sidonie Nádherná von Borutín in the catalog of the German National Library
- Brenner archive of the University of Innsbruck
- Noble heart, cold bride . In: Der Spiegel . No. 14 , 1974, p. 135 ff . ( Online - Apr. 1, 1974 ).
- Come to me until you are free , letters from Karl Kraus to Sidonie Nádherná von Borutin in the period from February 1st, 1974.
swell
- ↑ Alexandra Pontzen: Retouching the picture of the beloved on literaturkritik.de, March 2006
- ^ Rainer Maria Rilke - Sidonie Nádherny von Borutin: Briefwechsel 1906–1926 , ed. Joachim W. Storck, Waltraud and Friedrich Pfäfflin. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 978-3-89244-983-6 . A letter in which Rilke made derogatory comments about Kraus (February 21, 1914) can also be found on the Internet at www.rilke.de
- ↑ Thun-Hohenstein on Genealogie.eu accessed on January 20, 2014
- ↑ Beatrice von Matt : Expelled from the Middle of the World. Sidonie Nádherný's fight for Janowitz Castle and against Nazi and Communist barbarism . Review. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , November 21, 2015, p. 55
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nádherná from Borutín, Sidonie |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Nádherný, Sidonie von; Nádherná z Borutína, Sidonie (Czech) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bohemian baroness and salonière |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 1, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vrchotovy Janovice |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 30, 1950 |
| Place of death | Harefield , London |