Transylvanian liverwort

Transylvanian liverwort
Transylvanian liverwort ( Hepatica transsilvanica )
Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales) Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae) Subfamily : Ranunculoideae Tribe : Anemoneae Genre : Hepatica ( Hepatica ) Type : Transylvanian liverwort
Scientific name
Hepatica transsilvanica
Foot

The Transylvanian liverwort ( Hepatica transsilvanica ) is a species of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is endemic to the mountain forests of the Romanian Carpathians.

description

The Transylvanian liverwort is a perennial herbaceous plant. The long, thin rhizome has basal leaves and flower stalks that are 10–20 cm high. The leaves consist of three to five lobes with notches and thus differ significantly from the Hepatica nobilis with its typical three leaf lobes with entire margins. The flower diameter is between 2.5 and 4 cm and is therefore usually larger than that of the common liverwort. The flower has 6–10 petals and the bracts have two or three small teeth.

The species is tetraploid, with a doubled set of chromosomes compared to the common liverwort. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.

distribution

It occurs exclusively in the mountain forests of the Romanian Carpathians ( endemic ).

The distribution area extends from Borsec in the northeast of Transylvania to Deva in the southwest. The main deposit is in Burzenland around the central city of Brașov (Kronstadt) in the southeast of the Carpathian Arc. Also Hepatica nobilis var. Nobilis occurs within the distribution area in the hills of Transylvania but also in some altitudes. The occurrence of Hepatica transsilvanica is mostly at higher altitudes up to 2000 m. It is therefore more resistant to cold in culture and usually blooms before Hepatica nobilis .

and display information about the image

Distribution map of the liverwort in Europe and Asia. (Attempt of a representation according to the natural distribution given in the respective Wikipedia pages.)

use

The species is occasionally used as an ornamental plant. Through targeted breeding in culture in Japan, Europe and North America, numerous color and shape variations have emerged. T. enormous prices are traded.

Taxonomy

There are two opinions about belonging to a genus: Most authors place the liverwort in the genus Hepatica . Other authors provide a broad genus Anemone ( Anemone ). The kind is then called Anemone transsilvanica (foot) Heuff. designated. The species forms hybrids with the common liverwort, which have been described as Hepatica × media Simonkai . The pollen grains of the hybrids are sterile.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/Hepatica/transsilvanica
2. ↑ http://www.blumeninschwaben.de/Zweikeimblaettrige/Hahnenfuss/hepatica.htm
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} T. G. Tutin: "Hepatica" Mill. In: Flora Europaea. Volume 1, 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-15366-2 , p. 264.
4. ↑ http://www.alpine-peters.de/sortimente/hepatica/wissen08.asp

Web links

Commons : Transylvanian Hepatica  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )