Silver-eared sun bird

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Silver-eared sun bird
Silver-eared sun bird

Silver-eared sun bird

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Sylvioidea
Family : Jays (Leiothrichidae)
Genre : Leiothrix
Type : Silver-eared sun bird
Scientific name
Leiothrix argentauris
( Hodgson , 1837)

The silver ear Sonnenvogel ( Leiothrix argentauris ) is a sparrow large songbird art from the family of Häherlinge (Leiothrichidae).

features

The silver-eared sun bird reaches a body length of up to 18 cm. The top of the head is black, the ear covers silver. The forehead is yellow, throat and chest are bright yellow-orange in color. The top and control spring are olive colored. The wings are lined with yellow with a striking dark red wing mirror and olive-colored wing covers. The tail covers are also dark red. The iris is red, the beak is orange and the feet are yellow. The male differs from the female by the olive-yellow, lower cover feathers of the tail and slightly paler coloring of the rest of the plumage.

Subspecies

The IOC World Bird List 8.2 distinguishes 9 subspecies . The subspecies and distribution areas are:

  • Leiothrix argentauris argentauris ( Hodgson , 1837) - Northeast India, Bhutan, Myanmar
  • Leiothrix argentauris aureigularis ( Koelz , 1953) - south of Assam and west of Myanmar
  • Leiothrix argentauris vernayi ( Mayr & Greenway , 1938) - northeast of Assam, north of Myanmar and south of China
  • Leiothrix argentauris galbana ( Mayr & Greenway , 1938) - Myanmar and Thailand
  • Leiothrix argentauris ricketti ( La Touche , 1923) - China (Yunnan, Guixhou, Guangxi), Laos and Vietnam
  • Leiothrix argentauris cunhaci ( Robinson & Kloss , 1919) - Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia
  • Leiothrix argentauris tahanensis ( Yen , 1934) - Thailand and Malaysia
  • Leiothrix argentauris rookmakeri ( Young , 1948) - North Sumatra
  • Leiothrix argentauris laurinae Salvadori , 1879 - South Sumatra

distribution

The species occurs from the Himalayas , South China , Myanmar , Laos , Vietnam to Sumatra . It inhabits the dense, evergreen mountain rainforests and shrub areas up to an altitude of 2,100 meters.

Way of life

It is a resident bird that feeds mainly on insects, their larvae , spiders as well as fruits and plant seeds. Outside the breeding season, they live in groups of up to 30 birds. They have loud, very melodic singing.

Reproduction

In the mating season, the male sits on a high base, usually just a thin tip of the bush, and sings very loudly. The female usually builds her nest very low above the ground in the dense vegetation. The male provides the females with the necessary building material, such as blades of grass, pieces of root and bird feathers. The female lays 3–4 eggs in the nest and does the hatching almost entirely on her own. After about 2 weeks the young hatch and are provided with food by both adult birds.

Etymology and history of research

Brian Houghton Hodgson described the silver- eared sunbird under the Basionym Mesia [] Mesia Argentauris .

The word Leiothrix is of Greek origin and is derived from the words "leios λείος " for "fine, even, smooth" and "thríx θρίξ " for "hair". The specific epithet “argentauris” is made up of the Latin words “argentum” for “silver” and “auris” for “ear”. Also the “aureigularis” in the subspecies is a word structure from the Latin words “aureus” for “golden” and “- gularis, gula” for “-throat, neck, throat”. The type specimen for vernayi was collected during the three-month Vernay-Hopwood Chindwin expedition . The naming is a tribute to Arthur Stannard Vernay (1877-1960), a New York antique dealer who financed the expedition. The word "galbana" comes from the Latin word "galbanus" "greenish yellow". In honor of Charles Boughey Rickett (1851–1943), a British who collected in China, the name "ricketti" was given. The name of the subspecies L. a. cunhaci honors Elie Cunhac , one of the first residents of Đà Lạt . The name of the subspecies "tahanensis" is derived from Gunung Tahan , the area in which the type specimen was collected. The name of the subspecies "rookmakeri" is dedicated to Henderik Roelof Rookmaaker (1887–1945), who served as governor in the Dutch East Indies and gathered in Aceh around 1930. Finally, “laurinea” is a homage to the Margravine Laura Doria , who was married to the naturalist Margrave Giacomo Doria (1840–1913).

literature

  • Frank Bennington Gill , David Donsker: Babbler Families and Genera. IOC World Bird Names (2009), accessed March 2, 2013 ( worldbirdnames.org ( March 24, 2010 memento on the Internet Archive )).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Brian Houghton Hodgson : Indication of some new forms belonging to the Parianae (Cont.) . In: The India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts . tape 2 , 1837, p. 87-90 .
  • Walter Norman Koelz: New races of assam birds . In: Journal of the Zoological Society of India . tape 4 , no. 2 , December 1952, p. 153-155 .
  • Ernst Mayr, James Cowan Greenway: Forms of Mesia argentauris . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 17 , 1938, pp. 1-7 .
  • John David Digues La Touche: Mr. JD La Touche sent the following descriptions . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 43 , 1923, pp. 172-174 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 27, 2013]).
  • Herbert Christopher Robinson, Cecil Boden Kloss: On Birds from South Annam and Cochin China . In: The Ibis . Series 11, volume 11 , no. 4 , 1909, pp. 565-625 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 27, 2013]).
  • Yen Kwok Yung: Etude des genres du Groupe Siva-Leiothrix . In: Science Journal (College of Science, Sun Yatsen University, Canton) . tape 6 , no. 2 , 1934, p. 317-405 .
  • George Christoffel Alexander Junge, Jr .: Notes on some Sumatran birds . In: Zoological Mededeelingen . tape 29 , 1948, pp. 311–326 ( rhinoresourcecenter.com [PDF; 1000 kB ; accessed on July 27, 2013]).
  • Tommaso Salvadori: Catalogo di una collezione di uccelli fatta nella parte occidentale di Sumatra dal Prof. Odoardo Beccari . In: Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova . Series 1, volume 14 , 1879, p. 169-253 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed July 27, 2013]).
  • Jiří Felix (eds.), Květoslav Hísek: Asian fauna in color. Translated from the Czech by Ingeborg Šestáková. Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1989, p. 137.
  • Wilhelm Eigner: Encyclopedia of Animals Volume 2, Weltbild Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-89350-361-7 , p. 365.
  • Christopher M. Perrins (Ed.): The FSVO encyclopedia birds of the world. Translated from the English by Einhard Bezzel. BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 2004, ISBN 978-3-405-16682-3 , p. 577 (title of the original English edition: The New Encyclopedia Of Birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tej Kumar Shrestha: Birds of Nepal: Field Ecology, Natural History and Conservation. Steven Simpson Natural History Books, 2001, ISBN 978-0-9524390-9-7 , p. 201.
  2. ^ A b John Ramsay MacKinnon: A Field Guide to the Birds of China. Oxford University Press, 2000, ISBN 978-0-19-854940-6 , p. 440.
  3. ^ Frank Gill & David Donsker, IOC World Bird List v 8.2  : Laughingthrushes and allies
  4. ^ Brian Houghton Hodgson, p. 88.
  5. ^ Walter Norman Koelz, p. 153.
  6. ↑ a b Ernst Mayr u. a., p. 133.
  7. ↑ Ernst Mayr u. a., p. 142.
  8. ↑ John David Digues La Touche, S. 173rd
  9. ↑ a b Herbert Christopher Robinson u. a., p. 591.
  10. ↑ a b Yen Kwok Yung, p. 379.
  11. ↑ George Christoffel Alexander Junge, Jr., p. 325.
  12. ^ Tommaso Salvadori, p. 231.
  13. ^ Brian Houghton Hodgson p. 88.
  14. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 221.
  15. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 54.
  16. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 61.
  17. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 169.
  18. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 336.
  19. ↑ George Christoffel Alexander Junge, Jr., p. 311.
  20. ^ Tommaso Salvadori, p. 232.

Web links

Commons : Leiothrix argentauris  - album with pictures, videos and audio files