Solanum achorum
| Solanum achorum | ||||||||||||
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Isotype of Solanum achorum |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Solanum achorum | ||||||||||||
| SRStern |
Solanum achorum is a species ofthe nightshade family (Solanaceae). It was first described in 2010 and isnative tosouthern Ecuador and northern Peru .
description
Solanum achorum grows as a climbing shrub that is between 1 and 3 meters long. The trunk is covered with curved, light brown to orange spines that resemble those of roses. These spines are up to 2.5 millimeters long and have a 2 to 3 by 0.5 to 1 millimeter base. Furthermore, the trunk is sparsely to moderately densely covered with rust-brown, star-shaped and multi-row trichomes . These are 0.2 to 0.3 millimeters long.
The sympodial units contain several leaves that are not arranged in pairs. The simple leaves are between 6 and 20 inches long and between 2.5 and 11 inches wide. The paper-like leaf blade is elliptical to egg-shaped. Their often asymmetrically shaped base is blunt, the tip tapering and their leaf margins are entire. The dark green upper side of the leaf is sparsely covered with star-shaped trichomes, which are similar to those of the trunk. The whitish green underside of the leaves is moderately to densely covered with star-shaped, white trichomes. There are also single-row trichomes that are 0.3 to 0.6 millimeters long. Four to five pairs of secondary leaf veins extend from the leaf axis , and the midrib occasionally has a few curved spines on the underside. The petiole becomes 0.5 to 3 centimeters long and is moderately covered with trichomes. Furthermore, it occasionally has curved thorns.
The inflorescences are 2 to 20 centimeters long and are branched two to five times. Each of the inflorescences consists of four to twelve flowers. The species is Andromonöz , and the hermaphrodite flowers are found at the base of the inflorescence. The inflorescence is moderately to densely hairy with trichomes similar to those of the trunk. The flower stalk becomes 3 to 5 centimeters long. It is bent like a joint at the base. The flower stalks are 4 to 15 millimeters long and 3 to 5 millimeters apart. When they bear fruit, they are between 1 and 2.5 inches long.
Flowering specimens were collected in December and fruit-bearing specimens were collected in July, October, and December. The flowers are five-fold. The cup is between 3 and 6 millimeters long, with the first 1 to 3 millimeters shaped like a tube. He is covered with 2 to 4 millimeters long and 1 to 2.5 millimeters wide, triangular lobes. The moderate to dense hairiness of the calyx resembles that of the trunk. The white crown measures 2 to 3.5 centimeters in diameter, has a 2 to 4 millimeter long tube, is lobed in a star shape and consists of membrane or paper-like petals. The approximately triangular-egg-shaped corolla lobes, which are mostly bent back towards the flower, are 1 to 1.5 centimeters long and 0.3 to 0.5 centimeters wide and their underside is densely haired with white trichomes. The top of the corolla lobes is hairless or sparsely hairy. The hairless stamens are up to 1 millimeter long. The yellow anthers are 6 to 10 millimeters long and 1 to 2 millimeters wide, heart-shaped to blunt at the base and tapering to blunt at the tip. They open through pores at the tips, which do not enlarge into slits. The ovary is moderately hairy with star-shaped trichomes. The cylindrical pen of male flowers is 3 to 6 mm long and 0.5 to 1.5 millimeters wide. The cylindrical style of hermaphrodite flowers is 8 to 12 millimeters long and 0.5 to 1.5 millimeters wide and moderately hairy with star-shaped trichomes. The head-shaped scar is 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide.
As fruits are ripe, green berries , often provided with white spots, are formed, which are spherical with a diameter of 1.5 to 2 centimeters. If they remain on the plants for a longer period of time, they turn brown and dry out. Unripe berries are moderately densely covered with star-shaped trichomes. Ripe berries are glabrous or sparsely hairy. Each of the berries bears 25 to 50 brown seeds. These are flattened kidney-shaped with a length of 3 to 5 millimeters and a width of 1.5 to 3.5 millimeters, whereby they have a wide central part. The seeds have a wrinkled surface.
distribution and habitat
The natural range of Solanum achorum extends from the southern Ecuador located province of Zamora Chinchipe to the northern Peru lying regions of Amazonas and Cajamarca . The species thrives there at altitudes of 700 to 2100 meters. It grows mainly in disturbed, open areas within tropical mountain forests.
Systematics
It was first described as Solanum achorum in 2010 by Stephen R. Stern in PhytoKeys number 1, page 60. The specific epithet achorum is derived from the Greek word achoros , which means something like "homeless". This name was chosen because there is disagreement about the allocation of this species to a group within the subgenus Leptostemonum .
swell
- Stephen Stern, Lynn Bohs: Two new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone of southern Ecuador and northern Peru . In: PhytoKeys . No. 1 , 2010, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 60-64 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.1.660 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Stephen Stern, Lynn Bohs: Two new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone of southern Ecuador and northern Peru . In: PhytoKeys . No. 1 , 2010, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 60-64 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.1.660 .
- ↑ Solanum achorum. In: The International Plant Names Index. www.ipni.org, accessed on March 2, 2013 (English).
