Solomon Hawala

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Dumeni Solomon "Jesus" Hawala (* in South West Africa ), incorrectly spelled Huwala more often , is a former South West African- Namibian Major General ( Lieutenant General ). From November 2000 to October 2006, as Chief of the Defense Force, he was the highest incumbent in the Namibian Defense Force .

After Namibia's independence in 1990, Hawala became the commander of the Namibian Army and ten years later the commander of the Namibian Defense Force (NDF). In 2004, Hawala received the Grand Commander of the Order of Namibian Eagle First Class award .

Human rights violations

Hawala, the so-called "butcher of Lubango", is responsible for the - not conclusively proven - atrocities of SWAPO or its military wing, the People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN), during the Namibian liberation struggle in Lubango in Angola .

He is said to have ordered the mass torture and murder of alleged spies .

In 2008, for this reason, the Namibian human rights organization NAMRIGHTS initiated proceedings against Hawala, Sam Nujoma , Erkki Nghimtina and Thomas Shuuya for human rights violations before the International Criminal Court . This refused because he was not responsible for acts before 2002.

literature

  • Oiva Angula: SWAPO Captive. Penguin Random House, South Africa 2018, ISBN 9781776093618 .
  • Christian A. Williams: Namibia's “Wall of Silence”: Challenging National History in the International System. In: Camps and the Production of History Part III , Cambridge University Press, 2015, pp. 149-184.
  • Jan-Bart Gewald: Who Killed Clemens Kapuuo? In: Journal of Southern African Studies , Issue 30, No. 3, September 2004, pp. 559-576.
  • Yul Derek Davids, Christiaan Keulder, Guy Lamb, et al. : Measuring Democracy and Human Rights in Southern Africa. Discussion paper, Henning Melber (Ed.), Nordiska Afrikainstitutet , Upsala 2002. ( available online )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Shalli New NDF Chief. New Era, October 23, 2006.
  2. ^ Highest honor for Hawala. The Namibian, March 23, 2004.
  3. ^ Namibian Election Rivals Say Swapo Tortured Its Prisoners. The New York Times, September 20, 1989.
  4. ↑ Namibia names as Army Boss Ex-Guerrilla Chief Accused of Torture. , Associated Press , October 23, 1990
  5. ↑ Amnesty International Report 2008 - Namibia. Amnesty International, May 28, 2008.
personal data
SURNAME Hawala, Solomon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Huwala, Solomon (frequent spelling); Hawala, Dumeni Solomon (full name); Jesus (nickname)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Namibian military
DATE OF BIRTH 20th century
PLACE OF BIRTH South West Africa