Spectral tube

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The spectral tube is a form of the electron tube . It was invented by the physicist William Crookes .

Structure / function

The Spectrum consists essentially of an aluminum - cathode and an anode in the form of plate. Both components are located in a partially evacuated glass tube that is filled with gases , vapors or aerosols and can have different shapes.

The operating voltage of this type of electron tube is around 1 to 7 kV.

Designs

Noble gases in gas discharge tubes
Other gases in gas discharge tubes

There are various designs, in the past they were mostly H-shaped, now I-shaped are more common.

Examples of fillers

Gases

H hydrogen , high purity

O oxygen

N nitrogen


Hey helium

Ne neon

Ar argon

Kr krypton

Xe xenon


Air as a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen


Aerosols and vapors

water

phosphorus

sulfur

Iodine

bromine


sodium

mercury


Because the different fillers have different emission lines , they are well suited for viewing through an optical grating .

literature

  • Wilhelm von Zahn : Spectral tubes with a longitudinal view. In: Annalen der Physik 244 (1879), p. 675.

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