Five-man Spark

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Five-man Spark
Five-male spark (Spergula pentandra), illustration

Five-male spark ( Spergula pentandra ), illustration

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Paronychioideae
Genre : Spark ( Spergula )
Type : Five-man Spark
Scientific name
Spergula pentandra
L.

The five-male spark ( Spergula pentandra ), also called five-male spörgel , is a species of the genus Spark ( Spergula ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 12

Appearance and leaf

The five-man spark grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 5 to 20 centimeters. The stem is glabrous or hairy on top. The against-constant and seemingly lively tufted acting by short shoots leaves are linear-lanceolate-subulate and have at hand, no longitudinal groove.

Generative characteristics

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The flowering time is in April and May. The flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold. The white petals are lanceolate, pointed and do not cover each other and are usually longer than the sepals. There is only one circle with five stamens .

The seeds are lenticular, smooth and have a wing edge. The pure white edge of the wing, 0.5 to 0.8 millimeters wide, is about as wide as the midfield.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Similar species

The similar spring spark ( Spergula morisonii ) usually has ten stamens and has rounded petals.

Occurrence

Spergula pentandra is distributed in Western and Central Europe , the Balkans , the Mediterranean and North Africa. It is a Mediterranean-sub-Mediterranean floral element .

In Austria the five-man spark occurs very rarely and is threatened with extinction. In Switzerland it is occasionally found in colline areas. The five-man Spark is rarely found in Germany, for example in East Holstein , Mecklenburg , Brandenburg , in the Thuringian Basin , in the northern Upper Rhine area and in the Palatinate .

The Fünfmännige Spark grows in open sand and Steingrus grass, on rock minds and dunes . It thrives best on dry, lean, base-rich, lime-deficient, humus and fine earth poor sand and gravel soils . In Central Europe it is a character species of the Gageo saxatilis-Veronicetum dillenii from the Sedo-Veronicion association, but occurs less often in the Thero-Airion associations. In southern Europe it is a character species of the order Helianthemetalia guttati.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spergula pentandra at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 387.

Web links

Commons : Five-male Spark ( Spergula pentandra )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files