Lock point Stadel
Map with all coordinates: 
The barrage at Stadel was a barrier built by Border Brigade 6 of the Swiss Army during the Second World War from 1939 , as part of the barricade Siglistorf ▼ - Thalmühle ▼ in the Bachsertal - Stadlerberg ▼ - Rotenbrunnen ▼ on the Strassberg near Stadel - Schachen near Glattfelden ▼ - Wagenbrechi ▼ between Glattfelden and Rorbas as the third line of defense behind the Rhine to stop and delay an opponent's advance. The lock point is considered a military historical monument of national importance.
history
Immediately after the outbreak of war in 1939, the construction of the barrage at Stadel on the plain between Rietwisen and Steigenhalden, 500 m north of the village center of Stadel, was tackled by several construction companies under the direction of the Bern Fortifications Office (BBB). A long anti-tank obstacle was created with seven street barricades and four infantry units as a line of defense.
With the combat model of the infantry in restricted areas, the enemy should be stopped at the main obstacle. Obstacles could be created by explosive objects, terrain obstacles, barricades, minefields or combinations of these elements. In order to prevent the enemy from bypassing them, such obstacles were anchored in strong terrain and should be equally effective for all possible directions of attack. Weapons that were supposed to act directly on the obstacle to defend themselves had to be protected in perfectly safe bunkers. Section troops could only survive the massive enemy preparatory fire in concrete shelters.
With Army 61 , the old barriers were strengthened with the newly developed anti-tank obstacle 66 (GPH 66) from the 1960s and around two dozen modern shelters (spherical bunker "Kubu" U4, nuclear protection shelter ASU) were dug in front of and behind the anti-tank obstacle .
From 1980, the obstacles to the redoubt in the Alpine region were reduced and those in the Central Plateau were condensed. The important barrage Stadel north of Kloten Airport was expanded into the so-called "Russenring": the four infantry bunkers were rebuilt and the refueling obstacles replaced.
With the advent of nuclear weapons, the large fortifications had become vulnerable and too expensive because they required a large number of operating personnel and full-backs. The development of stand-off weapons and intelligent ammunition that seek their own targets also endangered the smaller, old-style factories. Nevertheless, correctly installed fortress weapons offered the advantages of a higher level of protection, faster readiness and greater fire effect. This led to the fact that the fortress artillery was built into so-called “monoblocks”. "Monoblocks" were small, heavily protected bunkers that were built using opencast mining and then made completely safe with sandwich-like protective layers. Bollen stones were supposed to absorb the force of an explosion from impacting grenades. The monoblock bunkers flanked the obstacle, were covered with the narrow firing area from the enemy direction and could only be combated late.
In 1995, three towers of the Centurion 55/57 main battle tank were installed in "monoblock" Centi bunkers in two infantry bunkers . The 10.5 cm guns with a range of up to 2 km were never shot. The equipment of this type of system consisted of the armored turret, a laboratory room below with a workbench and ammunition niche, a niche with an emergency power generator, a fuel store in canisters, simple accommodation with three beds and ventilation with a filter.
With this, Border Brigade 6 received 95 modern anti-tank guns with the latest thermal imaging target devices 90 (WBZG 90) before it was disbanded with the army . With the Army XXI , the Centi bunkers were no longer assigned any troops from 2004, after which they were released from secrecy.
Lock point Stadel
The blocking point consisted of around 40 objects and received fire support from mine throwers.
All terrain armor obstacle
- GPH Stadel T 2727 ⊙
- Stadel IV, passage barricade in street T 2727.01 ⊙
- Stadel III, passage barricade in street T 2727.02 ⊙
- Stadel III, passage barricade in street T 2727.03 ⊙
- Stadel II, passage barricade in street T 2727.04 ⊙
- Stadel II, passage barricade in street T 2727.05 ⊙
- Stadel I, passage barricade in street T 2727.06 ⊙
- Stadel I, passage barricade in street T 2727.07 ⊙
- Stadel I, Feldweg Barricade in Street T 2727.08 ⊙
- GPH Stadel T 2728 ⊙
- PMS Stadel, Windlach-Stadel bypass T2677 (dismantled) ⊙
- PMS Stadel-Schüpfheim (dismantled) T 2724
- PMS Stadel school building (dismantled) T 2725
GPH T 2727 East
GPH T 2727 center
Street barricade T 2727.03
GPH T 2727 West
Permanent weapon positions
- Infantry bunker Stadel IV A 5350 ⊙ , Centi (Centurion) -Bunker Stadel A 5585 ⊙ : A 10.5 cm cannon was integrated into the former anti-tank bunker (Pak Bkr), which then served as a shelter.
- Infantry bunker Stadel III A 5351 ⊙ : The Pak bunker with three 9 cm anti-tank guns ( Pak 50/57 ) was rebuilt in the 1980s, provided with a nuclear protection shelter (ASU) and a mobile PAL position was set up.
- Infantry bunker Stadel II A 5352 ⊙ : The anti-tank bunker with two 9 cm anti-tank guns (anti-tank guns) was rebuilt in the 1980s, provided with an ASU and a mobile PAL position was set up.
- Infantry bunker Stadel IA 5353 ⊙ , Centi Bunker Stadel A 5583 ⊙ and Stadel A 5584 ⊙ : The double Centi bunker with two 10.5 cm cannons was integrated into the former anti-tank bunker, which then served as a shelter and command post.
- Barrack B 1505 ⊙
Centi double bunker A 5583, A 5584
Infantry bunker Stadel II A 5352
Infantry bunker Stadel III A 5351
Centi bunker A 5585
Shelters, mostly welded shut
- Shelter U22 Stadel West F 6058
- Ball bunker U4 Stadel West F 6059
- Ball bunker U4 Stadel Kofel F 6060 (dismantled) ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Breitenäcker WF 6061 (dismantled)
- Ball bunker U4 Breitenäcker SF 6062 (dismantled)
- Ball bunker U4 Breitenäcker EF 6063 (dismantled) ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Breitenäcker NF 6064 (dismantled)
- Kugelbunker U4 Stadel E Wiesli F 6065 (dismantled)
- Ball bunker U4 Süessbuck WF 6066 ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Brand WF 6067 (dismantled)
- Shelter / company KP U22 Brand F 6068
- Shelter U22 Brand F 6069
- Ball bunker U4 Brand NF 6070 (dismantled)
- Ball bunker U4 Grund E Stadel F 6071 ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Süessbuck NE F 6072 (dismantled) ⊙
- Shelter U22, rising tailings F 6073 ⊙
- ASU 6S next to Stadel III F 6074 ⊙
- ASU 6S next to Stadel II F 6075 ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Aemperg Sali F 6076
- Ball bunker U4 Windlach F 6077
- Kugelbunker U4 Chernensee F 6123 (dismantled)
- Shelter U22 Höriberg F 6124
- Ball bunker U4 Höriberg EF 6125
- Ball bunker U4 Eselbuck F 6127 ⊙
- Ball bunker U4 Hasligass E Windlach F 6131
- ASU 6S Burenholz Chalchofen F 40015 ⊙
- ASU 6T / Bat-KP Burenholz chalch oven F 40016
- ASU 6S Burenholz chalch oven F 40017
Kugelbunker Strasse
Spherical bunker
Ball bunker forest
today
The main criteria for the national classification of this lock from the Second World War were the quality of the various objects and the complete modernization in the post-war period.
After being taken over on a rental basis by the Military History Society of the Canton of Zurich , the Centi Bunker in Zurich was opened for viewing in 2009. The barrier is now fully leased to farmers, is managed according to the guidelines of ecological compensation and is integrated as a networked element in the landscape development concept.
Blocking points Regensberg and Buchs
In the Zürcher Unterland , three staggered defense belts were built from 1935 as part of the delay area of Unterländer not engaged in active service . The third belt at the level of Stadlerberg-Bülach and to the east of it belonged the barricade barn with heavy artillery and anti-tank barriers as well as the medieval town of Regensberg with machine gun position within the preserved historical ramparts of the city wall (southeast half of the horn factory of the former Dielsdorf gate).
- Regensberg Süd infantry bunker A 5290 ⊙
- Regensberg Nord infantry bunker A 5291 ⊙
- Infantry bunker Nöschlikon A 5292 Niederglatt ⊙
- Shelter Regensdorf A 5281 Fortuna ⊙
- Shelter Buchs ZH A 5282 ⊙
- Shelter Buchs ZH A 5283 ⊙
- Shelter Buchs ZH A 5284 ⊙
- Off-road tank barrier GPH66 Niederhasli ⊙
Mg bunker Regensberg Süd A 5290
Scharten Mg bunker Regensberg Nord A 5291
Hill 17th century with Mg notches A 5291
Scharten Dielsdorfer Tor
literature
- Silvio Keller, Maurice Lovisa, Patrick Geiger: Military monuments in the canton of Zurich. Inventory of the combat and command structures. VBS, Bern 2004.
Web links
- Swiss website with documentation of Swiss and German operational planning: Limmatstellung 1940 .
- Bunker friends: overview map of the barrage barn
- Spherical panorama Centi Bunker A 5583
Individual evidence
- ^ Military monuments in the canton of Zurich. Inventory of the combat and command structures. Bern 2004 ( Memento from March 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Subterranean Switzerland: Barrier site Stadel - construction of the Centurion bunker ( Memento of the original from April 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Fortress Oberland: Sperrstelle Stadel ( Memento from March 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Naturnetz: Dorfblatt Stadel from February 2012: Redesign of the Stadel tank barrier
- ^ Fortress Oberland: Barrier Regensberg ZH , accessed on April 30, 2020
