Spitalgasse 19 (Coburg)

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The Spitalgasse 19 in Coburg is a residential, office and commercial building, which from 1908 to 1910 as a department store was built. The richly structured Art Nouveau building is listed as an architectural monument in the Bavarian list of monuments .

history

Spitalgasse 19, Coburg

Already in 1496 the house Spitalgasse 19 was mentioned in the house books of Ernst Cyriaci and from 1570 the inn "Zum Weißen Schwan" was located in the building, which was one of the top addresses in Coburg. Among other things, Queen Christina of Sweden and 1782 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe stayed in the White Swan in 1662 and 1668 . In 1858 Adam Leuthäuser from Hildburghausen acquired the property. He initiated an extensive renovation and opened the Hotel Leuthäuser in 1860, which was again the first building on the square. In 1883 Fritz Müller from Jena took over the hotel. Among other things, he was one of the first in Coburg to install electric light. Otto von Bismarck stayed at the Hotel Leuthäuser in 1863 , Franz Liszt in 1884 , Johann Strauss in 1886 and Emperor Pedro II of Brazil in 1887 . In 1903 Fritz Müller closed the Hotel Leuthäuser for reasons of age and due to growing competition and rented the building to the company M. Conitzer & Sons, which on September 12, 1903 a commercial building for fashion, haberdashery, white and woolen goods, upholstery fabrics, curtains , Porters and carpets opened.

The commercial building in Coburg was a branch of the company of the same name, which was responsible for the joint purchasing and uniform marketing of more than 20 stores, mainly in eastern and northern Germany. The manufactory and haberdashery shop M. Conitzer & Sons was founded in 1882 by Moses Conitzer and his three sons in Marienwerder . Later, in 1927, the company formed an interest group with the purchasing center of Hermann Tietz . The nephews of Moses Conitzer, Max Frank and Adolf Friedländer, were the owners of the independent branch at Coburg Spitalgasse 19.

In 1908 M. Conitzer & Sons bought the property from Fritz Müller and arranged for a very representative department store to be demolished and rebuilt, which was completed on March 8, 1910. The largest department store in Coburg was characterized by imaginative advertising, price labeling and the introduction of cash payments. Among other things, it organized the first fashion show in Coburg in 1925. After Conitzer & Sons at the end of 1928, like Abraham Friedmann (General Director of the meat products company Großmann), declared the coke and electricity purchases at the city works to be terminated, provided that the machine master Franz Schwede (local group leader of the NSDAP and member of the city council) his denigrations in the The department store was the target of numerous Nazi attacks. On the night of December 23, 1929, the Christmas tree attached to the outer facade between the first and second floors, including electrical lighting, was brought down. Protesters forced the department store to close temporarily in March 1933. 1935 came the expropriation by the National Socialists and the subsequent takeover by Moritz Döring as a textile department store. The old owner Adolf Friedländer emigrated, his partner Max Frank died in Coburg in 1938 and his wife Augusta Frank was deported to Theresienstadt , where she died in 1942.

After the Second World War, the heirs got the property back and sold it in 1948 to the Brandt company, from East Prussia. Brandt opened a department store for hardware, household items, toys and sporting goods and in the following decades initiated some renovations inside the building. In 1982 Brandt had to close the department store and in 1983 sold the building to Deutsche Bank , which has since operated a branch at Spitalgasse 19 that was previously located at Mohrenstrasse 34.

At the end of 2008, a Munich private investor acquired the residential, office and commercial building with a total rental area of ​​1500 square meters from the investment company L-Wave Grundstücksverwaltungsgesellschaft 11 mbH.

building

Beehive and bee
Initials M and C

The Art Nouveau building was designed by Max Böhme , the Coburg City Planning Officer, and the architect Heinecke was in charge of the construction. It is a significant example of early 20th century department store architecture. The building is a three-storey reinforced concrete skeleton structure with a basement. A high pitched roof with a halved mansard roof in front of it and a front dwelling are further distinctive components.

The facade facing Spitalgasse on the ground floor and in the area of ​​the parapet of the 1st floor consists mainly of dark metal cladding with coffered pilasters , which are closed at the top with depictions of beehives and bees, symbolizing the hard work that is being earned. On the upper floors only the light sandstone facade is present, which is divided into five vertically oriented parts by pilasters. The outer pilasters have a cartouche with the client's initials M and C on top . Three window axes with ornamented parapets are arranged between the pilasters. The curved gable has three windows in the middle, which are decorated with figural bas-reliefs and sunbeams on the sides and above.

The department store had four sales floors inside, which were accessed via an elevator . The upper floors lay like a gallery around an atrium , which was closed off at the top by a colored glass ceiling. The first floor was accessed from the back via a centrally arranged, three-armed staircase. There was also a side staircase with toilet facilities. In 1956 the ceilings in the atrium were closed, in 1962 the building was expanded to the rear in Nägleinsgasse in the basement and ground floor, and in 1964 the main facade on the ground floor was redesigned. In 1975, a new elevator at another location replaced the passenger elevator from the construction period. Before Deutsche Bank AG moved in , the ground floor facade was changed and the central staircase behind the former atrium was demolished. In 1997 a shop was installed.

literature

  • Ernst Eckerlein: Coburg homeland. Volume IV, Fiedler-Verlag Coburg 1983, ISBN 3-923434-06-5
  • Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: City of Coburg (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume IV.48 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-87490-590-X , p. 352 .

Web links

Commons : Spitalgasse 19  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Coburger Zeitung, September 11, 1903
  2. ^ Coburger Zeitung, August 30, 1903
  3. ^ Georg Wenzel: Nathan Conitzer . In: Deutscher Wirtschaftsführer , 1929 (PDF; 28 kB)
  4. ^ Coburger Zeitung, March 8, 1910
  5. ^ Joachim Albrecht: The avant-garde of the Third Reich - The Coburg NSDAP during the Weimar Republic 1922-1933. Peter Lang GmbH European Publishing House for Science, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-631-53751-4 . P. 108.
  6. ^ Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews - History and Fate . Evangelisches Bildungswerk Coburg eV and Initiative Stadtmuseum Coburg eV, 2nd edition Coburg 2001, ISBN 3-9808006-0-1 . P. 109
  7. ↑ comfort.de: Press release from COMFORT - Society for Business Space and Business Brokerage Holding mbH, December 17, 2008

Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 33.6 ″  N , 10 ° 57 ′ 53.7 ″  E