Spongiforma squarepantsii
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Spongiforma squarepantsii |
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| Desjardin , Peay & TD Bruns |
Spongiforma squarepantsii is a fungal species from the family of Dickröhrlingsverwandten (Boletaceae) within the genus Spongiforma . Thespecies foundin Malaysia was scientifically described in 2011. The mushroom was named after the American cartoon character SpongeBob SquarePants (in English "SpongeBob SquarePants").
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting body of Spongiforma squarepantsii is light orange in color. It reaches a width of 3–5 cm and a height of 2–3 cm. It is roughly spherical to oval in shape and has no stem . The mushroom is elastic like a sponge and rubber and takes on its previous shape again after squeezing out water. The brain-like surface has deep grooves and folds. It is irregularly occupied with relatively large cavities, which are lined with the spore-forming fruit layer . The fruit body smells strongly fruity to musty. When drizzling with a 3-10 percent potassium hydroxide solution , the meat turns purple.
Microscopic features
The almond-shaped spores are 9.5-12.5 micrometers long, 6-7 μm wide and encased with a 0.5-1.2 μm thick wall. There are no buckles on the transverse walls in the mushroom threads .
Ecology and diffusion
Spongiforma squarepantsii was found as a ground-dwelling fungus in Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia.
Taxonomy and systematics
The species was first scientifically described online in May 2011 in the journal Mycologia . Description is based on individuals collected in 2010 in Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia.
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The closest related species Spongiforma thailandica , which was first described in 2009 and forms the genus Spongiforma with S. squarepantsii , differs from it in various characteristics. It has larger fruiting bodies with a width of 5–10 cm and a height of 4–7 cm. The initially pale gray-orange gleba later turns into a dark red or dark brown. The smell is reminiscent of tar . In addition, the spores of S. thailandica have less prominent surface warts than those of S. squarepantsii .
When describing S. thailandica , molecular characteristics of the ribosomal DNA revealed that the genus Spongiforma is a sister group of the genus Porphyrellus . The closest related taxon to this is Strobilomyces . All three genera belong to the Boletaceae relatives .
designation
The generic name Spongiforma refers to the spongy nature of the mushroom fruit body. The epithet squarepantsii emphasizes the similarity with the cartoon character SpongeBob SquarePants (in English "SpongeBob SquarePants"). In addition, the authors described the surface of the spore-bearing tissue in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) like a "sea floor covered with tube sponges, reminiscent of the fictional home of SpongeBob."
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Dennis E. Desjardin, Kabir G. Peay, Thomas D. Bruns: Spongiforma squarepantsii , a new species of gasteroid bolete from Borneo . In: Mycologia . tape 103 , no. 5 , 2011, p. 1119-1123 , doi : 10.3852 / 10-433 .
- ^ 'SpongeBob' mushroom discovered in the forests of Borneo. In: PhysOrg.com . San Francisco State University, June 15, 2011, accessed August 5, 2012 .
- ^ Dennis E. Desjardin, Manfred Binder, S. Roekring, Timothy Flegel: Spongiforma , a new genus of gasteroid boletes from Thailand . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 37 , 2009, p. 1–8 ( PDF; 492 kB ).
