Sporocytophaga myxococcoides

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Sporocytophaga myxococcoides
Systematics
Department : Bacteroidetes
Class : Cytophagia
Order : Cytophagales
Family : Cytophagaceae
Genre : Sporocytophaga
Type : Sporocytophaga myxococcoides
Scientific name
Sporocytophaga myxococcoides
Stanier 1940

Sporocytophaga myxococcoides is a species of bacteria that belongs to the division of Bacteroidetes . It is important for the bacterial breakdown of cellulose . It is the only species in the genus Sporocytophaga .

Appearance

The cells are flexible rods, approximately 0.3-0.5 µm wide and 5-8 µm long, with slightly rounded ends. They are either straight, helical, or arcuate. The colonies are colored yellow. The movement takes place through the so-called gliding motility .

Sporocytophaga myxococcoides forms dormant stages ( spores ), so-called microcysts . They are spherical and have a diameter of 1.5 µm. The microcysts are formed by shortening the cell, the cell then assumes a spherical shape, and finally a slimy capsule that surrounds the cell is formed. This shell is highly refractive. When favorable conditions arise, the microcysts germinate. The cell leaves the capsule at a point that has been dissolved for this purpose. After leaving the capsule will dissolve. The cell then elongates and finally forms a rod with rounded ends again.

metabolism

Sporocytophaga myxococcoides is strictly aerobic and chemo-organotrophic . The temperature for optimal growth is around 30 ° C. The bacterium uses cellulose , cellobiose and, in some cases, glucose as a source of carbon and energy. Glucose is not used by cultures freshly isolated from nature, but mutants occur in the cultures that are also able to use glucose. Starch , agar and chitin are not used. Sporocytophaga myxococcoides is important for the bacterial breakdown of cellulose. Different species of the related genus Cytophaga can also use cellulose. Cellulose is only converted by a few groups of organisms; in addition to bacteria, fungi are particularly important .

Systematics

Several species of the genus Sporocytophaga have been described, but only Sporocytophaga myxococcoides is recognized . The other species are: Sporocytophaga cauliformis Knorr and Gräf 1962 , Sporocytophaga congregat subsp. maroonicum Akashi 1960 , Sporocytophaga ellipsospora (Imshenetski and Solntseva, 1936) Stanier 1942 and Sporocytophaga ochracea Ueda, Ishikawa, Itami and Asai 1952 .

literature

  • Jiri Hausler: Freshwater flora of Central Europe . tape 20 : Schizomycetes . Springer, 1982, ISBN 978-3-8274-2141-8 , pp. 164-166 .
  • Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock - Microbiology . 11th edition. Pearson Studium, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-8273-7358-8 , pp. 455-456 .
  • NR Krieg, W. Ludwig, WB Whitman, BP Hedlund, BJ Paster, JT Staley, N. Ward, D. Brown, A. Parte: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. tape 4 : The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 418 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.bacterio.net/sporocytophaga.html Euzéby JP. List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature - Sporocytophagaceae (Status: March 17, 2019)
  2. ^ NR Krieg, W. Ludwig, WB Whitman, BP Hedlund, BJ Paster, JT Staley, N. Ward, D. Brown, A. Parte: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. tape 4 : The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 418 .