Ständehaus (Düsseldorf)
The Ständehaus was the parliament building of the Provincial Landtag of the Prussian Rhineland in Düsseldorf from 1880 to the 1930s . From 1949 to 1988 it then served as a conference venue for the North Rhine-Westphalian state parliament . Today, as the K21 exhibition building, it houses the contemporary art department of the North Rhine-Westphalia art collection .
history
The Ständehaus stands on the Kaiserteich , on the former fortress border of Düsseldorf, the facilities of which were razed as a result of the Peace Treaty of Luneville of 1801. The green spaces were laid out under Napoleon Bonaparte . Garden director Maximilian Weyhe then used the remains of the fortress in order to use them to set up the Spee'schen Graben and the terraces of the later Ständehaus.
The Prussian provincial estates, convened from 1824, met in the Düsseldorf City Palace on the Rhine until its fire in 1872. After that, the Rhenish provincial parliament and the Rhenish provincial administration suggested a new building in the existing green spaces on the Kaiserteich. In 1876, Julius C. Raschdorff (1832–1914) , who later became the master builder of the Berlin cathedral, won the architectural competition for the construction of the Ständehaus. It was built between 1876 and 1880 as a meeting place for the Rhenish Provincial Parliament and as a parliament and administrative building in the historicist style. The design as a four-wing complex with an inner courtyard was based on the palazzi of the Italian Renaissance. The mansard roof was reminiscent of 16th century French architecture. The representative entrances on the north and south facades served as a passage for carriages.
The K21 in the Ständehaus, outside view of the north facade
K 21, Ständehaus, south facade, detail
K 21, fountain sculpture in front of the north facade: Father Rhine and his daughters , 1897
When Emperor Wilhelm I and Empress Augusta visited the Ständehaus in 1884, the sculptor Karl Janssen designed the festival decoration “ Father Rhine and his daughters ” for the interior . The group of figures made of plaster was executed as a bronze fountain sculpture in 1897 and placed in front of the north facade of the estate. It is still there today.
Due to lack of space, renovations were carried out as early as 1895, such as 1911 to 1913 by the architect Hermann vom Endt . In 1943 the Ständehaus burned down to the outer walls in a bomb attack. During the reconstruction in 1947-49, Hans Schwippert replaced the Raschdorff mansard roof with a stacked floor and, for reasons of capacity, extended the plenary hall to the south inside, so that the building's original courtyard character was lost.
The first elected state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia met on March 15, 1949 in the Ständehaus. Until 1988, when the new state parliament building was built on the Rhine, the state house served as the seat of the state parliament. There was initially no clear idea of how it would be used. The building stood empty for several years. a. used for filming and ultimately had to be completely renovated.
Reconstruction and current use under the name "K21"
In 1996 the Munich architects Kiessler + Partner presented a feasibility study according to which the Ständehaus was suitable as a branch of the North Rhine-Westphalia art collection as well as a space for representative events in the state. After a corresponding cabinet decision in 1996, the extensive renovation of the state house began. The concept of the Munich architects comprised three essential elements:
1. The plenary hall, which was expanded again and again in all construction phases, was reduced to its original dimensions from 1880; the white box on narrow round pillars shows the dimensions of the first plenary chamber. As a result, the spatial structure of the Raschdorff building as a four-wing complex with surrounding rooms, galleries and inner courtyard was restored. Consistently white walls and ceilings form an effective foil for the preserved historical elements such as the staircase and double columns.
K21, interior view of the foyer
K 21, interior view
K 21, historical columns on the ground floor
K21, top floor
2. The architects replaced the inharmonious roof structure designed by Hans Schwippert in the post-war period with a glass and steel dome that spanned the entire building. Their dimensions are based on the original Raschdorff roof. This created a spacious exhibition area with daylight on the top floor, in which large-format sculptures can be adequately presented. The dome room also offers an excellent panoramic view over Düsseldorf. The daylight falling through the glass dome unfolds a differentiated play of light and shadow. It gives the interior of the Ständehaus the impression of a southern piazza.
3. Under the Ständehaus there was a large, underground exhibition room over 6 m high, which offers different presentation possibilities than the cabinet-like room sequences on the other floors. Temporary exhibitions take place here. The area extends in the north to the Kaiserteich. Porthole windows allow a view outside on and below the water surface.
K 21, interior view
K 21, basement, view outside (Kaiserteich)
K 21, basement, view outside (Kaiserteich)
K 21, bar at the Kaiserteich
Apart from the renewed dome, the historical outer facade was preserved. The renovation was completed in 2001. The Cuban-American Jorge Pardo artistically designed the bar on the Kaiserteich on the ground floor of the house with wall paintings and a light installation. In its new function as a museum, the Ständehaus was inaugurated on April 18, 2002 by the then Federal President Johannes Rau , the former Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia. It opened its doors to the public on April 21, 2002 as K 21 . As a branch of the North Rhine-Westphalia Art Collection at Grabbeplatz K 20 , the art of the late 20th century (around 1980) and the 21st century found their place here. This concept was developed under the then director Armin Second, but should not rule out a certain fluctuation. After the renovation of the Ständehaus, the new director of the NRW Art Collection, Marion Ackermann, presented the exhibition Silent Revolution - A New Collection Presentation since February 2010 . For the first time, works of classical modernism from the building on Grabbeplatz, which will only be reopened in summer 2010 due to renovations, entered into dialogue with contemporary art in the Ständehaus.
Several sculptures by contemporary artists are on display in the Ständehaus Park.
Barnett Newman, Zim Zum II, 1969/1985
Dan Graham, Two-Way Mirror Hedge, Almost Complete Circle, 2001
Dan Graham, Two-Way Mirror Hedge, Almost Complete Circle, 2001
Alf Lechner, Intermediate Spaces 2001
Individual evidence
- ↑ Illustration of the rear of the Provincial Ständehaus , converted according to the design by the architect Hermann vom Endt , in Rhine and Düssel (No. 9) from March 1, 1913
- ↑ March 15, 2009 - 60 years ago: Düsseldorfer Ständehaus becomes seat of the state parliament (WDR broadcast on this date, accessed on June 11, 2012)
- ↑ Stefanie Kreuzer, in: K21, Startkapital 2002, pp. 12–15; Armin Zwei, in: Prestel 2003, pp. 9, 18–22.
literature
- Julian Heynen (Ed.): K 21, Art Collection North Rhine-Westphalia, start-up capital . Ostfildern 2002, ISBN 3-926154-52-7 (with a foreword by Armin Second and contributions by Julian Heynen and Stefanie Kreuzer).
- Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen (Ed.): Prestel Museum Guide, K 20 K 21, Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen . Munich 2003, ISBN 3-926154-61-6 (conception by Anette Kruszynski, with texts by Volkmar Essers, Stefanie Jansen, Claudia Hornemann, Stefanie Kreuzer, Anette Kruszynski, Doris Krystof, Valeria Liebermann, Maria Müller, Pia Müller-Tamm, Robert Rademacher , Angela Wenzel, Armin Second).
- Rolf Purpar: Art City Düsseldorf - Objects and monuments in the cityscape . Grupello, Düsseldorf 2009, ISBN 3-89978-044-2 .
- Architects and Engineers Association of Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, fig. 221, p. 184.
- Chris van Uffelen : Museum architecture . Ullman, Potsdam 2010, ISBN 978-3-8331-6058-5 . Pages 236-237.
Web links
- kunstsammlung.de - official website
- duesseldorf.de/stadtgruen/staendehaus - The Ständehaus facilities on the official website of the city of Düsseldorf
- Entry in the monument list of the state capital Düsseldorf at the Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation
Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 0 ″ N , 6 ° 46 ′ 26 ″ E