St-Etienne (Mulhouse)
The Catholic St. Stephen's Church ( Église Saint-Étienne ) is the main Catholic church in the city of Mulhouse in Alsace . Like the Protestant St. Stephen's Church , it was designed and executed by the city architect Jean-Baptiste Schacre . The Catholic St. Stephen's Church in Mulhouse represents one of the first and largest examples of sacred architecture in the neo-Gothic style.
history
As early as 1840, the city council of Mulhouse decided to have a Catholic St. Stephen's Church built. In 1847 a first, anonymous building project was approved, but not carried out. Jean-Baptiste Schacre submitted a first draft for the new building in 1852, which, however , was sharply criticized by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc himself.
The church visible today was built from 1855 to 1860 based on several other designs. Schacre was inspired for the floor plan by the cathedral of Reims , but designed the relatively long (approx. 80 meters) and high interior after the model of the cathedral of Noyon , but with a three-part instead of four-part wall elevation. The statues of the apostles on the inside of the nave pillars, in turn, obey the German tradition, as Schacre was able to study at the neighboring Freiburg Minster and in the Ulm Minster .
Externally, however, the church does not resemble any of its models, but was deliberately kept in a style of simple, unadorned size. At the front there is a 68 meter high, strictly designed bell tower.
Furnishing
The high altar from 1898 is the work of the Colmar sculptor Théophile Klem , who was involved in furnishing numerous new churches in the Haut-Rhin around 1900.
Cavaillé-Coll organ
The most valuable part of the lavish historicist interior is the organ by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll , the only one of its kind in Alsace. The instrument was built in 1860.
Originally there were 43 stops on three manuals and pedal . For reasons of cost, only 28 stops were initially implemented, namely those of the main work, the recit and the pedal. The instrument was restored and expanded several times in the following period. The "Positif interior" already laid out in the gaming table was then built in the years 1862–1863. In 1909 the organ builders Martin and Joseph Rinckenbach added eight registers. In 1917 the prospect pipes had to be given to the German authorities for war purposes; In 1928 they were replaced by the organ building company Convers / Cavaillé-Coll. In 1963 the instrument was permanently changed by the organ builder Max Roethinger; he added the Positif de Dos and made changes to the disposition that were supposed to serve a neo-baroque style. In 1985 and 2005, the instrument was completely restored in two stages and partially returned to its original condition. The organ today has 52 stops on four manuals and a pedal. The console dates from 1963. The game actions are mechanical (in the Positif with Barker machines), the stop actions are electric. The numbering of the disposition corresponds to that on the gaming table.
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- Pair: I / II, III / II, IV / II, I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P
literature
- Marie-Philippe Scheurer, Roger Lehni, Claude Menninger: Mulhouse, Haut-Rhin - Images du Patrimoine. Le Verger, Illkirch-Graffenstaden 1990, ISBN 2-908367-18-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ More information on the Cavaillé-Coll organ ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 44 ′ 37 ″ N , 7 ° 20 ′ 12 ″ E