St. Georg (Augsburg)
The Catholic parish church of St. Georg is located in the north of Augsburg's old town , in the Lower City in the Georgs- and Kreuzviertel . It is the former collegiate church of the Augustinian canons of St. Georg, which was dissolved during the secularization period .
The church forms a parish community with St. Maximilian and St. Simpert . As an architectural monument , it is entered in the Bavarian list of monuments.
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history
In the early Middle Ages, the little church "Sanct Jürgen vor der Mauer" stood on the site of today's church, which burned down in 1057. In 1072 the church was rebuilt. In 1135, Bishop Walther I von Dillingen and the Augsburg Cathedral Chapter founded a monastery for Augustinian Canons here . An enlarged church was consecrated in 1143. The lower floors of the church tower are probably still preserved from her. In 1180 the collegiate church received parish rights. The St. Michael chapel was built next to St. Georg around 1290.
The Romanesque church was replaced by a late Gothic new building with three naves from 1490 to 1506. The construction was probably carried out by Burkhart Engelberg's workshop . The burial chapel of the von Herwarth patrician family, completed in 1506, was built as an extension. In the course of the Reformation in 1525, the Augustinian canons had to hand over the St. Michael chapel to the Protestants. In 1534 the city council banned the Catholic mass in St. Georg. In 1537 the canons had to leave the city and did not return to Augsburg until after the Schmalkaldic War in 1548. In the Thirty Years War in 1632 the Swedes demanded that the church be handed over to the Protestants. In 1640 the monastery burned down and in 1660 the provost's office.
The church was redesigned in Baroque style between 1681 and 1700. New altars, figures and benches were purchased and the gothic pointed spire of the church tower was replaced by an octagonal onion dome. The church also received new, partly baroque windows. Hans Georg Mozart built a new convent building between 1702 and 1705. The monastery was dissolved in 1802 in the course of secularization . It was not completely evacuated until 1806. The former collegiate church served as a military hospital from 1803 until it was elevated to a parish church in 1808 . In 1809/10 the parish was re-established. In 1810 the first secular priest took office. A fire station had been located on the church tower since 1812.
The Royal Bavarian Army used the former convent building as barracks until 1883. Since 1885 they served as a kindergarten. In 1880 the church interior was redesigned in the neo-Gothic style . In 1901 the parish was able to repurchase the former monastery buildings from the Bavarian state. By including the side chapels, which had previously been separated by intermediate walls, the floor area of the church was increased in 1927.
With the air raids on Augsburg in the night of February 25th to 26th, 1944, the church and the former monastery buildings were badly damaged. In the course of the reconstruction according to plans by Thomas Wechs from 1953 to 1957, the regotisation was partially reversed and part of the 17th century furnishings were reinserted. A confessional chapel was rebuilt in 1954. Today's parish center was built in 1955 according to plans by Raimund von Doblhoff instead of the previous building that had been destroyed. The exterior of the former prelate building and the convent building were restored. The church tower, which was not covered, got its original onion cover back in 1961. In 1978 and 2018 the exterior facade was extensively renovated.
architecture
The Gothic building consists of a three-aisled basilica nave with a retracted choir. The nave is divided into pointed arcades that separate the central nave from the side aisles. The rectangular lower part of the tower standing on the southwest corner goes back to the previous building and was later increased. During the Baroque era (1681), its octagonal top was built and provided with an onion dome.
Furnishing
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On the east side is the former high altar sheet Glorification of Mary around 1627 by Johann Matthias Kager . In the Herwarth grave chapel there is a baroque cross altar by Ignaz Wilhelm Verhelst with a crucifix from around 1510 by Loy Hering .
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Organs
Gallery organ
The organ was built in 1998 by Siegfried Schmid from Knottenried . It comprises 40 registers , which are distributed over three manuals and pedal . The playing actions of the manual keyboards are mechanical, the stop actions and the pedal are electric. The disposition is:
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- Pair : III / II, III / I, II / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : 64 setter
Choir organ
The organ was designed by Max Offner jun. built. The 14 registers are divided between two manuals and a pedal. The action mechanism is mechanical, the stop action is electrical. The main work and the swell of the gallery organ can be played from the console of the choir organ. The disposition is:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : 1 free combination , tutti button,
literature
- Michael Hörmann: The Augustinian Canons in Augsburg in the Middle Ages, 1932.
- Georg Lindermayr: Parish church, parish and monastery Sankt Georg in Augsburg 1135–1935 , 1935.
- Helmut Rößle: Houses of God in the Bomb War - The Destruction of Augsburg Churches in the Second World War. Regio Akademica Verlag, Augsburg 2004, pp. 22-23.
- Gabriele Kliegl: St. Georg Augsburg. (= Swabian art monuments, booklet 57) . Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weißenhorn 2001.
Web links
- Sankt Georg in the Augsburg Wiki
- Further information about the church
- Information about the church music at St. George
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monument list for Augsburg (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-7-61-000-312
Coordinates: 48 ° 22 ′ 34.7 " N , 10 ° 53 ′ 33.6" E