St. Marien (Burlo)

Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 22 ″  N , 6 ° 46 ′ 42 ″  E

St. Mary

The church of St. Marien in Burlo is located in the district of the same name in the district town of Borken in North Rhine-Westphalia and is the monastery church of the Burlo Oblate branch and the school church of the Mariengarden grammar school . Until the amalgamation of the parishes of Burlo, Weseke and Borkenwirthe to form the parish of St. Ludgerus on July 13, 2013, it served the Burlo Catholics as a parish church. The monastery and school buildings are attached to the church. St. Marien was or is the monastery church of the Wilhelmites , Cistercians and, since 1921, the Huenfeld Oblates . It is under the patronage of the Feast of the Assumption .

Building history

Exterior view of the choir

View from the organ stage

The first chapel, of which no traces have been preserved, was the oratory of a hermit named Siegfried ("Siffrid"), first mentioned in 1242, who came to Burlo around 1220 - without affiliation to any order. In 1245 the already mentioned Wilhelmites settled there. Most of the church that exists today was built around or before 1300 during the Wilhelmian period. The lower choir windows are likely to have come from this construction phase.

In 1448 (Groß-) Burlo came to the Cistercians and became an offshoot of the Kamp monastery . The Cistercians expanded the church considerably. This included the clearly visible elevation of the masonry in the western part of the church and probably also a vaulting of the previously flat roofed church. The thesis that the choir alone dates from 1300 and the five westernmost yokes from 1474 collides with the fact that the shapes of the blind windows in the western part do not fit stylistically into this late period of origin. A further exploration of the building history with regard to the different wall thicknesses and diverging buttress shapes or wall supports of the interior is pending. The parish fair was celebrated on October 1, 1474.

After the destruction in the Thirty Years War , the church was restored. It received a new high altar and two side altars (rededicated in 1682).

After Mariengarden was secularized in 1803, the Hünfeld Oblates took over the monastery in 1921. In 1951 they acquired the church, which was originally only leased. In 1958 they expanded the church to include a confessional chapel, which was added to the north side of the choir. Originally, the extension designed as a Marienkapelle was spatially separated from the main house and connected to it via a narrow staircase. Today, a major breakthrough allows visitors to the chapel a clear view of the church's chancel.

In 1967 the church was renovated and received a new altar. The exterior plaster was removed and the field fire stone hidden behind it came to light again.

Building description

Confessional chapel

Despite several construction phases, the monastery church is a uniformly closed hall church made of red brick with eight bays and a 5/10 choir closure. With a width of 7.40 meters in the east and 7.85 meters in the west, the interior measures 39 meters in length. The interior height is about twelve meters. The bell tower is a hexagonal roof turret that has two bells from 1631 and 1643 inside. The groin vaults are heavily busted and the interior wall templates are not very pronounced. The keystones above the 7th and 8th yoke bear the monograms “ihs” and “ma”. Only the buttresses structure the exterior; Little use of decorative bricks in the form of crosses or the like loosen them up a little in the newer components. Above the right-angled west portal there is a Mother of God and a three-lane tracery window made of sandstone. The tracery in the other windows is also made of sandstone. Under the confessional chapel there is the Coemeterium novum , a crypt with cross vaults and 42 coffin niches that is accessible from the east and has been in use since 1752.

Furnishing

Furnishing

Sacristy door with monograms

Mary with the child (confessional chapel)

Ecce homo representation

Pulpit with sound cover

Statue of St. Magdalena

Statue of St. Barbara

Statue of St. Wigbert

Statue of St. Robert of Molesme

Statue of St. Catherine of Siena

Statue of St. Gertrude von Helfta

Mary's Lament

Crucifixion group

Altars

Choir stalls

• The Gothic sacristy door made of oak is decorated with rectangular cassettes (with round carving). It probably dates from around 1500. The top of the 1.98 meter and 83 cm wide door is decorated with the adjacent monograms “ihs” (Jesus) and “ma” (Maria).
• Madonna and Child, late 16th century, from southern Germany in the confessional chapel from 1958.
• On the south wall there is an " Ecce Homo " depiction, probably the remainder of a passion altar (early 17th century).
• The pulpit from the first half of the 17th century is on the windowless north wall. On the cover is a figure depicting a Cistercian (possibly Saint Bernard of Clairvaux ).
• In the choir there are six wooden figures of saints, the date of which is estimated to have been around 1700. They represent Maria Magdalena (with skull), Saint Barbara (tower), Saint Wigbert (grape and wine barrel), Robert von Molesme (co-founder of the Cistercians, with church), Katharina von Siena (palm branch and cross) and Gertrud von Helfta (with glowing heart and cross).
• The pietà made of softwood under the organ gallery at the main entrance dates from the 18th century.
• A crucifixion group is attached to the central north wall, which comes from the former high altar and is from the second half of the 18th century.
• The neo-Gothic high altar (late 19th century), with Marian scenes, is said to come from Bonn-Endenich. Behind the choir window glazing, also with a Marian theme, dates back to the late 19th century and was renovated in 1949.
• Older choir stalls (historicism?).
• The "Hahnen" and the "Michaelsfenster" were created in 1953 by Georg Meistermann .

organ

The organ from the workshop of Franz Breil from Dorsten, completed in 1983, is located on the gallery with historical parapets . A repair of the ailing predecessor instrument was no longer worthwhile in the late 1970s. Almost 1500 pipes in 22 registers were installed in the new organ . The instrument was cleaned in 2007 and its sound adjusted.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3 Principal 8th' Reed flute 8th' octave 8th' Dumped 8th' Nasad 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ Super octave 2 ′ Mixture IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ Trumpet 8th'

II Swell C – g 3 Black viola 8th' Metal dacked 8th' Principal 4 ′ recorder 4 ′ Principal 2 ′ Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ Sesquialter II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ Zimbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′ Rohrschalmey 8th'

Pedals C – f 1 Sub bass 16 ′ Principal 8th' Dacked bass 8th' Piffaro II 4 ′ bassoon 16 ′

• Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P

literature

• Hermann Lübbering, Hugo Quick : Oblates Klostermarienberg Garden Burlo (=  Small Kunstführer . No. 881 ). 2nd Edition. Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1992, ISBN 3-7954-4612-0 .
• Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . History of the Mariengarden monastery in Groß-Burlo. In: Heimatverein Vreden (ed.): Contributions of the Heimatverein Vreden on regional and folklore . No. 20 . Self-published, Vreden 1981.

Web links

Commons : St. Marien  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Floor plan, views and church windows on glasmalerei-ev.de

swell

• Ursula Ninfa: From Anholt to Zwillbrock - buildings and works of art of the Westmünsterland district of Borken (= series of publications of the district of Borken, Volume XV). Editor: District of Borken 1999; Printing: Druck & Litho Reichenberg GmbH Bocholt, ISBN 3-927851-56-6 .
• Wilfried Hansmann: Art-historical hiking guide Westphalia. Pawlak publishing house, original reprint 1966.
• st-marien-burlo.de

References and footnotes

1. ↑ See St. Ludgerus homepage
2. ↑ It is different in Hermann Lübbering, Hugo Schnell: Oblatenkloster Mariengarden Burlo (=  Small Art Guide / Churches and Monasteries . No. 881 ). Schnell and Steiner, Munich and Zurich 1968, p. 12 . Thereafter, the end of the choir and the first three yokes are Wilhelmian, the five western yokes are Cistercian.
3. ↑ The Coemeterium vetus , the now inaccessible old crypt, could be reached from the cloister of the monastery, cf. Hermann Lübbering, Hugo Schnell: Oblate Monastery Mariengarden Burlo (=  Small Art Guide / Churches and Monasteries . No. 881 ). Schnell and Steiner, Munich and Zurich 1968, p. 12 .
4. ^ Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . History of the Mariengarden monastery in Groß-Burlo. In: Heimatverein Vreden (ed.): Contributions of the Heimatverein Vreden on regional and folklore . No. 20 . Self-published, Vreden 1981, p. 56, 104 .
5. ^ Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . History of the Mariengarden monastery in Groß-Burlo. In: Heimatverein Vreden (ed.): Contributions of the Heimatverein Vreden on regional and folklore . No. 20 . Self-published, Vreden 1981, p. 86, 104 .
6. ^ Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . History of the Mariengarden monastery in Groß-Burlo. In: Heimatverein Vreden (ed.): Contributions of the Heimatverein Vreden on regional and folklore . No. 20 . Self-published, Vreden 1981, p. 79, 91 .
7. ^ Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . History of the Mariengarden monastery in Groß-Burlo. In: Heimatverein Vreden (ed.): Contributions of the Heimatverein Vreden on regional and folklore . No. 20 . Self-published, Vreden 1981, p. 79 .
8. ↑ St. Marien Burlo: The ABC of our parish (K) ( Memento of the original from March 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
9. ↑ St. Marien Burlo: Our Organ ( Memento of the original from January 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.