Burlo

This article describes the place Burlo in the Borken district. For other meanings of the word Burlo, see Burlo (disambiguation) .

Burlo City of Borken Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 14 ″  N , 6 ° 47 ′ 6 ″  E
Residents :	2400
Postal code :	46325
Area code :	02862
Aerial view of Burlo from the south

Burlo , also Groß-Burlo or Großburlo , is a village and district of the city ​​of Borken in the Borken district of the same name in North Rhine-Westphalia . Together with the Borkenwirthe farmers in the south and east , the place had 3577 inhabitants on December 31, 2011, of which around 2400 were in Burlo.

Origin of name

The first part of the name Burlo goes back to the word Bu (e) r , synonymous with farmer , the second syllable is derived from Loh or Loe and means something like light forest or deciduous grove . This stem has been preserved in many place names in Westmünsterland and the neighboring Netherlands (e.g. Barlo , Ammeloe , Hengelo , Borculo , Dinxperlo and Venlo ).

geography

In the northwest, Burlo borders Winterswijk in the Dutch province of Gelderland . Nearest towns on the German side are Oeding in the municipality Südlohn , Borken , Borken and to Rhede belonging Vardingholt .

In the Burloer Venn

Although it is located in the Münsterland , Burlo no longer naturally belongs to the Westphalian Bight , but rather is part of the Lower Rhine sand plates ( Lower Rhine lowlands ). After the last glacial period in the west of today's village of Burlo, an extensive raised bog formed over the impermeable ground moraine , the remains of which, the Burlo-Vardingholter Venn , are now designated as a nature reserve. Another nature reserve, the Bietenschlatt , is located directly in the northeast of the village, but already belongs to the area of ​​the municipality of Südlohn.

The Rheder Bach rises on the southern edge of the village and flows into the Bocholter Aa at Rhede .

history

The first traces of settlement in the Burlo area were found in the form of urn graves from the 6th to 8th centuries BC.

Mariengarden Monastery

In 1220 a priest named Siegfried (Sifrid) founded an oratory in Burlo on the edge of the moor area later known as the Klostervenn . At that time, Burlo was a sparsely populated, scattered settlement on the edge of an extensive moor area. Nevertheless, it was separated from the mother church of St. Remigius in Borken as early as 1242 and raised to an independent parish. St. Marien became the nucleus of the Mariengarden Monastery , which was given to the Cistercian nuns of the Marienborn Monastery from 1242 to 1245 . From 1245 to 1447 monks of the Wilhelmite order lived there . After that, Cistercians took over the monastery; the Cistercian abbey existed until its abolition in 1803.

In 1253 the Burlo monastery received market rights from the neighboring noble lords , including the lords of Rhede , the counts of Lohn and the lords of Gemen . In the middle of the 14th century, Burlo monks founded the Kleinburlo monastery , also known as Maria Weingarten ( Vinea Mariae ), near Darfeld , which became independent in 1407. Since then, the name Groß-Burlo has also been used for Burlo .

During the Münster collegiate feud (1450-1457), the Burlo monks supported the cathedral chapter, which in the end successfully enforced the candidate Walram von Moers as the new bishop of Münster against Erich II von Hoya .

The religious turmoil and wars that broke out in the course of the Reformation also left their mark on Burlo. Prince-Bishop Franz von Waldeck received 40 gold guilders from Burlo in the early 1530s for his fight against the Anabaptist rule established in Münster . During the Eighty Years' War (1568-1648), in which the Dutch States General fought for their independence from Spain , Burlo was badly affected. Several times, marauding gangs who made the border area between the Dutch provinces and the monastery of Münster, which sympathized with the Spanish crown, plundered the monastery and church. The monastery library, pictures and cult objects of the church were destroyed in flames. Only a chest with archival material escaped destruction.

The war drive during the Thirty Years' War demanded further victims from the population. During this time (1632) the first rifle guild was founded in Burlo, whose tradition is upheld today by the Burlo Civic Rifle Club . During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) Burlo had to pay a total of 5000 Reichstaler into the war chest.

So-called. Fürstenstein from 1766 in the Burloer Venn

With the sovereignty of the States General and the upgrading of the border between two territories of the Holy Roman Empire to the state border, there were some ambiguities about the exact course of the dividing line. There were multiple attacks from both sides in the border area. The different views were only resolved in 1765 with the signing of the Burlo Convention . The border was petrified, some of the boundary stones set in 1766 have been preserved to this day. On one side they bear the Munster beam coat of arms and on the other two Geldrian lions .

In the course of secularization , the Burlo monastery was closed in 1803 and became the property of Prince Salm-Salm . After the death of the last monk, the premises were converted into rental apartments.

The Rademacher music band was founded in Burlo in 1838 . The brass orchestra celebrated its 175th anniversary in 2013, now as the Burlo band .

In 1880 the Winterswijk – Gelsenkirchen – Bismarck railway was opened. In 1898, Burlo got its own train station on this route, which was of national importance until the First World War due to a continuous connection from Essen to Amsterdam . Cross-border passenger traffic between Burlo and Winterswijk ceased with the outbreak of World War II , and on September 29, 1961, passenger traffic on the section from Borken to Burlo was also given up. 1979 saw the last time a freight train crossed the border. After that, Burlo was sporadically approached by the freight company from Borken for a few years until this section was finally shut down in 1996. The railway systems in Burlo have now been completely dismantled.

After the connection to the rail network, a small peat railway was built from the Venn along Borkener Strasse to the train station at the turn of the century .

Agri V Raiffeisen eG

In 1917 a farming buying and selling cooperative was founded. After various name changes and amalgamations, this has now merged into Agri V Raiffeisen eG , based in Sonsbeck , but the Burlo branch has remained the administrative location of the merged company.

In 1920 Oblate Fathers moved into the monastery and founded a mission school there. In 1958 the school was converted into a state-recognized Progymnasium , from which the private Mariengarden grammar school emerged in 1969 . About 800 students are currently being taught at the grammar school. From 1970 to 1984 the school had a boarding school. The former boarding school building was converted into a conference venue.

Shortly before the end of the Second World War, a military hospital was housed in the Mariengarden monastery . When Allied associations coming from the Rhine liberated Westmünsterland during Holy Week 1945 , around 30,000 residents, refugees, bombed-out and evacuees lived in Burlo. That was more than there were people in Münster at the same time.

Evangelical St. Mark's Church

On June 20, 1965, the newly built Evangelical St. Mark's Church was consecrated. The Protestant communities from Burlo, Südlohn and Weseke have now joined forces and celebrate their services alternately in their three churches.

In 1969, Burlo and Borkenwirthe, which had previously formed an independent municipality, were incorporated into the city of Borken with the law on the reorganization of municipalities in the Borken district .

Abundant sand and gravel deposits were dredged by the Gelsenrot company from 1990 onwards on the so-called Esch along Rheder Straße. A 16-hectare excavation lake was created, which is now known as the Klostersee . A country house settlement was built on the lake and the renaturation of the bank areas was completed in 2004.

In 2000, the recycling company Petrotec AG was founded in Burlo. The biodiesel manufacturer hit the headlines around ten years later because of alleged dioxin pollution in the mixed fatty acids it supplied to an animal feed manufacturer. However, the products supplied by Petrotec were "not intended for the food and feed industry, but exclusively for technical use". Petrotec AG, whose shares were temporarily listed in the Prime Standard of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange , withdrew its application for listing on the stock exchange in 2015.

On July 13, 2013, the Burlo parish St. Marien lost its independence through the merger with St. Ludgerus Weseke and Heilig Kreuz Borkenwirthe . The merged parish is called St. Ludgerus . Until then, St. Marien was the only parish in the diocese of Münster that did not have its own parish church, as the monastery church of St. Marien could be used for services.

In 2015, the local history association Burlo began to demolish a farmhouse from 1796 that was already in danger of decay and was already located on the road to Oeding on Südlohner parish, in order to rebuild it true to the original as a home in Burlo. For this purpose, the city of Borken has acquired a 4000 m² plot of land from the monastery next to the war memorial and made it available to the Heimatverein.

Infrastructure

Burlo is connected to Bocholt and Rhede in the south-west and Oeding , Vreden and Gronau in the north-east via Landstrasse 572, the so-called cotton road. The highway 600 leads to Borken, about 10 kilometers away. Weseke can be reached via Kreisstraße 40. Although it is in close proximity to the Dutch border, Burlo only has border crossing options for pedestrians and two-wheelers; the next border crossing that can be used by car is in Oeding, around four kilometers away.

Mariengarden monastery and high school

With the Astrid Lindgren Primary School and the Mariengarden Grammar School, Burlo has a primary and a secondary school in the village. With the Forum Mariengarden , which opened in 2012 , the grammar school and site have a cultural center. The forum not only serves as an auditorium for the school, but is also used as a theater and concert hall. There is also a Catholic and a non-denominational kindergarten in Burlo.

Sights and leisure activities

Burlo is well known for its Mariengarden monastery with the attached St. Marien monastery church . The monastery is the end point of the Kommiesenpatt themed hiking trail , which starts at the St. Vitus boundary stone between Winterswijk , Vreden and Südlohn , and on its course on both sides of the German-Dutch border takes up the topic of the Burloe Convention in an informative way. Remnants of the Münsterscher and Sickings Landwehr have been preserved near the border near Burlo. The monastery also originally included the complex of graves and ponds belonging to Prior Pollen in Schriewers Hofbusch, from which the remains of ramparts, moats and islands have been preserved to this day. To the west of the village, the paths around the Burlo-Vardingholter Venn are used for leisure activities and recreation. In the vicinity of the Heideweiher Entenschlatt , a natural monument worth seeing is a sweeping oak tree with a trunk circumference of more than six meters, the age of which is likely to be around 250 years.

Personalities

• Clemens Heselhaus (1912–2000), German philologist and literary scholar, born in Burlo

Web links

Commons : Burlo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Brochure about Burlo and Borkenwirthe from Werbekreis Burlo-Borkenwirthe eV
• Burlo in GenWiki

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} website of the city of Borken
2. ↑ Population development in the city of Borken
3. ^ ^{A b} Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . Self-published Heimatverein Vreden, Vreden 1981, p. 16 ff .
4. ^ Ulrich Söbbing: Foray through the city history of Stadtlohn on the website of the Heimatverein Stadtlohn.
5. ^ ^{A b} Heinz Heineberg , Klaus Temlitz (ed.): The district of Borken (=  cities and municipalities in Westphalia . Volume  9 ). 1st edition. Aschendorff, Münster 2004, ISBN 3-402-06272-0 , p. 130 f .
6. ^ Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . Self-published Heimatverein Vreden, Vreden 1981, p. 18th ff .
7. ↑ Adolph Tibus: founding history of the donors, parishes, monasteries and chapels in the area of the old bishopric of Münster, with exclusion of the former Frisian partly . F. Regensberg, 1867, p. 1048, 1055 ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
8. ^ Wilhelm Kohl in Germania Sacra NF 37, 1, The Dioceses of the Church Province of Cologne. The diocese of Münster 7, 1. The diocese. , P. 438.
9. ^ ^{A b} Hermann Lübbering: Burlo Monastery . Self-published Heimatverein Vreden, Vreden 1981, p. 59 ff .
10. ↑ Hermann Lübbering, Hugo Schnell: Oblate Monastery Mariengarden Burlo (=  Small Art Guide / Churches and Monasteries . No. 881 ). 1st edition. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Munich and Zurich 1968, p. 6 .
11. ↑ Internet presence of the music band Burlo : We are celebrating our 175th anniversary ( Memento of the original from May 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
12. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Brochure of the advertising group Burlo-Borkenwirthe eV ( Memento of the original from April 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
13. ^ Agricultural weekly paper of May 13, 2015: Raiffeisen Westmünsterland comes to Agri V
14. ↑ Helmut Müller: five to zero. The occupation of the Münsterland in 1945 . Updated edition. Aschendorff, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-402-06042-6 , p. 56 .
15. ↑ Gelsenrot-Spezialstoffe GmbH company chronicle ( online )
16. ↑ Grenzerlebnisse.de ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
17. ↑ New press of January 4, 2011: Petrotec: Our product has been misused
18. ↑ Three parishes - one parish “St. Ludgerus ”
19. ↑ Kreisheimatbrief Borken 237 (May / June 2015), page 18: Heimathaus mit Klosterblick - Heimatverein Burlo-Borkenwirthe is allowed to set up an old farmhouse on Vennweg ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.9 MB) 
20. ↑ Baumfreund: Eiche NSG Entenschlatt, Register No .: 3472