Barlo

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Barlo
City of Bocholt
Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ′ 11 "  N , 6 ° 39 ′ 40"  E
Height : 35 m
Area : 19.85 km²
Residents : 2173  (Dec. 31, 2011)
Population density : 109 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postcodes : 46397, 46399
Area code : 02871

Barlo is a district of Bocholt in North Rhine-Westphalia . Until it was incorporated on January 1, 1975, Barlo was an independent municipality within the Liedern-Werth office .

location

Former coat of arms of the Liedern-Werth office

The village center or the church is about seven kilometers from the center of Bocholt. Barlo borders the Stenern district within Bocholt to the west and south . Barlo borders the town of Rhede to the east and the Dutch municipalities of Aalten and Winterswijk to the north . Barlo has an approx. 8 km long border with the Netherlands .

history

The first written mention of a settlement in this area can be found in documents of the St. Mauritz monastery near Münster from 1061. The dues of the main Winterswijk farm and its sub-farms can be found in the documents . Here names of farms appear whose names are still known today. It was only mentioned around 1300 that two of the ten courtyards were in "Barlo". A settlement with the name "Barlo" is therefore proven from the 13th century. Barlo (and Baarlo) is a place name often found in Westphalia and the Netherlands. The name could mean something like “ tan on an otherwise bare height”. Here the prefix “bar” becomes the high German meaning, ie “bared” or “treeless”. Another definition is: “The -loh place names are among the relatively most common basic words in the Münsterland. Loh is interpreted as a small, isolated wood, but also as a clearing through clearing, with the greatest uncertainty as a cult grove. ... The type of wood is mentioned several times in the epithet ... "The village chronicle assumes, however, that the prefix" bar "should not be taken from the High German sense, but from the meaning in" Barloer Platt ". Accordingly, the “Bokeltse Würderbook” (Bocholter dictionary) lists the translations “only” and “full”. “Then Barlo would mean:“ only, full ”or“ a lot ”of wood, forest. This would certainly correspond to the image of the Barlo landscape at the time the place was founded. The earlier inhabitants of the area first named the nature - full of forest - and then transferred this name to the place that was created in this forest: Barlo. ”. The various interpretations of the place name show that almost a millennium after the probable foundation of Barlo, neither the origin of the name nor the exact time of the foundation can be determined.

Diepenbrock Castle in Barlo

1326 was the noble free Gerhard von Diepenbrock from the Duchy of funds with the court Diepenbrock invested . This deed of lending is the first written mention of the Diepenbrock family . The castle or the permanent house must be much older, as it was the ancestral seat of the von Diepenbrock family and this family appeared at the end of the 12th century. This assumption is also confirmed by the fact that it was enfeoffed by the Duchy of Geldern, although it was in the Münster monastery . In 1257 the Bishop of Münster, as sovereign of the monastery, took over large parts of the Bocholt parish from the Counts of Dingden-Ringenberg. At this point in time, the Diepenbrock house must have already been in the possession of Gelderns and those of Diepenbrock. Until 1811 Barlo was administered by the Bocholt office.

In 1551 Haus Diepenbrock passed to the gentlemen "von Weleveld", as the male line of the family at Haus Diepenbrock was extinguished. After the direct line of those von Weleveld died out in 1717, the Diepenbrock house and its debts were auctioned off to the public in 1733. The buyer was an Anton von Graes from the Loburg house near Coesfeld . His family still owns the castle today.

Another mansion (Haus Kortenhorn) has been documented since 1424. A house still stands at this point, but nothing can be seen of the castle complex with ramparts and moats. The current owners are the von Spee family .

The first entry in the account book of the "Schützengilde Barlo" is from 1571. The existence of the rifle guild, which still celebrates its shooting festivals, has been documented ever since. The creation of the rifle guild is related to the defense of Diepenbrock Castle, and the master of the Diepenbrock family still has the first shot at the rifle festival. In the 17th century, the residents of Barlos and the neighboring municipality of Woold (now part of Winterswijk) celebrated a joint guardian festival. In 1720 there was a dispute at the rifle festival and in the following years nothing is known of a common festival. It was not until the 400th anniversary in 1971, 251 years after the dispute, that reconciliation came about. "The rifle club from Woold brought a barrel of beer that they supposedly still owed."

Because of its proximity to the border, Barlo was hit hard by the Eighty Years War (1568–1648) between the Netherlands and Spain. At that time there were 18 farms. Of these, 10 were not cultivated and 8 were only slightly cultivated. In the Thirty Years War , which overlapped with the Eighty Years War, Barlo was repeatedly plundered. Only the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 ended these two wars. In 1662 only 29 families with 162 people lived in Barlo. Even a century after the wars, Barlo did not recover from this population loss. In 1750, 35 families with 224 people lived in Barlo.

In 1675 the first school in Barlo, the so-called "Schlatt School", was founded.

In 1766, the Burlo Convention established the Dutch-German border between the Duchy of Münster and the province of Gelderland in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The boundary stones set at that time still mark the state border today. In 1803, when the Principality of Münster was dissolved by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , Barlo came to the newly established Principality of Salm . Bocholt was the capital of this state. The principality, a satellite state of France under Napoleon , existed only briefly. The principality was annexed to France in 1810 . Here it belonged to the canton of Bocholt in the Lippe department .

After the Russian campaign , the Battle of Leipzig and the subsequent collapse of Napoleonic rule in November 1813, the Houses of Salm-Salm and Salm-Kyrburg endeavored at the Congress of Vienna to have their principality (and thus their position as sovereign rulers) re-established will ( restoration ). The peace treaty in Vienna in 1815 resulted in the territories of the Principality of Salm being added to the Kingdom of Prussia . The final Prussian occupation took place on June 21, 1815. Barlo became Prussian as an independent municipality within the "Office of Songs". The “Amt Liedern” was merged with the “Amt Werth” to form the “ Amt Liedern-Werth ” in 1937 .

St. Helena Church (2008)

In 1823 Barlo got its own Catholic parish church , the Church of St. Helena, for its then 545 inhabitants . The “Kreuzkapelle”, which had existed in the Hemden community since 1674, was dismantled for this purpose. The Kreuzkapelle was built to give the Catholic residents of Aalten and Bredevoort (the Netherlands were Protestant ) the opportunity to attend a Catholic service. In the course of time, the Catholics in the named places got their own churches and pastors and no longer use the Kreuzkapelle. It had lost its purpose and was therefore no longer needed. The St. Helena Church has been expanded several times. A sacristy was added in 1858 and a church tower in 1862 . The church experienced the greatest expansion in 1967/68. The north side wall of the nave was completely laid down and a new, wide nave was added as a hall building. The former nave now functions as a choir . The sacristy was rebuilt as an extension along the east wall and the old sacristy was converted into a morgue .

In the mid-19th century, several Barlo residents emigrated to the United States due to poverty and poor harvests . While 600 people lived in Barlo in 1843, the number of inhabitants fell to 521 by 1880.

In 1880 the " Bocholt – Winterswijk railway line " was moved through Barlo, but Barlo itself only got a stop in 1908. With the beginning of the First World War , cross-border rail traffic was discontinued and completely shut down in 1931. Barlo became a terminus. The Dutch part of the route has meanwhile been designated as a nature reserve, making it difficult to reopen. Passenger traffic between Bocholt and Barlo ceased in 1952, and this section of the route was closed on September 24, 1989, and the tracks were dismantled by 1996.

From 1893 the municipality of Barlo began building a paved road to Bocholt, today's "Winterswijker Straße". Later this road was continued in the direction of Winterswijk. The streets to Hemden and to Rhede as well as the “Barloer Ringstraße” were only built after the Second World War.

During the First World War , 36 of 152 Barloers who went to war were killed. During the Second World War , 59 of the 169 Barloers who went to war fell. On September 30, 1944, three Barloers died while working in the fields when fighter bombers bombed the nearby railroad tracks. Barlo was occupied by British troops on Good Friday 1945 at the end of the Second World War. There was no major fighting in Barlo. Gun battles only took place where the British came into contact with German soldiers. One yard was destroyed in the process. After the end of the war, a strip of about one kilometer along the German-Dutch border was declared a no man's land and had to be evacuated. Only towards the end of 1945 were the residents allowed to return to their farms. Barlo did not have to accept loss of territory (like the municipality of Suderwick ). The border crossing to Winterswijk or Woold remained closed until 1958.

On January 1, 1975, the official song-Werth was dissolved and the municipality of Barlo in the city Bocholt incorporated . As a result, Barlo lost its independence and since then has been a district of Bocholt, which from 1975 is no longer a district , but a municipality of the Borken district . Interestingly, the area of ​​Barlos exceeded the area of ​​the city of Bocholt by 1974. Barlo is Bocholt's largest district in terms of area.

In 2008 Barlo won the district competition “ Our village has a future ” as the first “Bocholt village”. The award ceremony took place on November 14, 2008 in the Bürgersaal. In 2009 Barlo took part in the state competition, where a bronze plaque was achieved.

At the instigation of the Heimatverein and the efforts of council member Rainer Venhorst, Barlo got the addition "Boorle" in the town sign on October 10, 2018, by a resolution of the city council of Bocholt. The main statute of the city of Bocholt had to be changed for this, as the individual districts were not listed there. It was the first Low German name addition on a place name sign in the Borken district.

Buildings and population

Barlo is still dominated by agriculture today. 73 percent of the area of ​​Barlos is used for agriculture. Another 16 percent barlos are forested. The "village image" is characterized by single and two-family houses. In recent years the population of Barlos has rejuvenated. According to current statistics "(as of December 31, 2007)" the average age is 36.7 years, the lowest of all Bocholt's districts. The basic supply of the residents with food is ensured by a bakery. There is no supermarket . The residents are forced to use the nearest shopping facilities in the Stenern district or the neighboring town of Rhede. Due to the proximity to the border and the distance from the city center of Bocholt, most of the farms are not connected to the municipal water and sewage network. The residents here are dependent on domestic wells and their own sewage treatment plants . Plans to connect these courtyards to the city network are currently on hold due to the high costs. BORNet, today Deutsche Glasfaser , laid a fiber-optic network in Barlo in 2011, together with Bocholter Energie- und Wasserversorgungs GmbH and another private company. Data transfer rates for download and upload of up to 100 Mbit / s are available.

Barlo is still divided into so-called Hööke today . The name of a hook is generally derived from the largest farm in the hook.

Transport links

In Barlo the road 505 "Winterswijker Straße" and the district road 3 "Barloer Ringstraße" cross. These roads lead to the surrounding cities and districts. In the direction of Winterswijk there is a border crossing on "Winterswijker Straße" .

Line C8 connects Barlo with the bus meeting point in the center of Bocholt. The city bus Bocholt GmbH offers a one-hour intervals from Monday until Saturday. Until around 1952, Barlo had a stop on the Winterswijk – Bocholt railway line , which was the only intermediate station on this connection. Taxi buses currently operate across borders .

Public institutions

  • Catholic St. Helena Church
  • Church-sponsored cemetery
  • Parish home with playground St. Helena
  • Primary school with gym, formerly "Martinschule Barlo", now part of the Liebfrauen primary school association
  • Parish library

societies

  • Pro Barlo e. V.
  • Advertising association “WUNDERBARLO” e. V.
  • DJK Barlo 1959 e. V.
  • Heimatverein “Kärkspöll Boorle - Vör seine 1993 - Kring för Heimatfläge e. V. "
  • Schützengilde Barlo e. V.
  • Young rifle club Barlo e. V.
  • Catholic rural youth movement - KLJB Barlo
  • Spielmannszug Barlo 1935 e. V.
  • Friends of the primary school Bocholt-Barlo e. V.

Personalities who were born or grew up in Barlo

literature

  • Heinrich Weber: Inheritance and leasing successes on the farms and cottages of the Barlo farmers near Bocholt , 1972. 98 pages, paperback.
  • Volker Tschuschke: The Schlatt School in Barlo: Its history from its foundation to the Kulturkampf (1675 / 1677–1867 / 1871) , published by the “Vör seine Boorle!” Verein für Heimatpflege e. V., Bocholt 2000. 204 pages, bound.
  • Barlo - Yesterday and Today , published by “Vör seine Boorle!” Verein für Heimatpflege e. V., Bocholt 2007. 480 pages, bound.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Jellinghaus: The Westphalian place names according to their basic words . 3rd presumed edition, Osnabrück 1923
  2. ^ Niemeyer, Georg: The place names of the Münsterland, a cultural-geographical contribution to the methodology of place name research, Münster 1953
  3. ↑ Barlo - Yesterday and Today, published by “Vör seine Boorle!” Verein für Heimatpflege e. V., Bocholt 2007. Page 31 f.
  4. ↑ Klemens Becker: Bocholt from the primeval landscape to the city. A walk through the history of our closer home . Drei Linden Verlag, Bocholt 1962, p. 42.
  5. ↑ Barlo - Yesterday and Today , published by “Vör seine Boorle!” Verein für Heimatpflege e. V., Bocholt 2007. Page 393
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 310 .
  7. ↑ https://ratsinfo.bocholt.de/sitzungen_top.php?sid=ni_2018-1.1-117
  8. ↑ https://www.bbv-net.de/Lokales/Bocholt/In-Barlo-haengen-jetzt-Boorle-Ortstafeln-178902.html
  9. ↑ bocholt.de
  10. ↑ Bitken Flotter. Fiberglass for Barlo. . Retrieved June 19, 2011.
  11. ↑ https://www.rvm-online.de/fahrt-planen/linienfahrplaene.php?single_linie=737