Gronau (Westphalia)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Gronau (Westf.)
Gronau (Westphalia)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Gronau (Westf.) Highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 13 '  N , 7 ° 2'  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Muenster
Circle : Bark
Height : 27 m above sea level NHN
Area : 78.82 km 2
Residents: 48,321 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 613 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 48599
Primaries : 02562, 02565Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : BOR, AH, BOH
Community key : 05 5 54 020
LOCODE : DE GNU
City structure: 2 districts

City administration address : 		Konrad-Adenauer-Strasse 1
48599 Gronau / Westf.
Website : www.gronau.de
Mayor : Rainer Doetkotte ( CDU )
Location of the city of Gronau (Westphalia) in the Borken district
Kreis Borken Nordrhein-Westfalen Kreis Kleve Kreis Wesel Kreis Coesfeld Kreis Coesfeld Niedersachsen Kreis Steinfurt Niederlande Raesfeld Heiden Rhede Bocholt Borken Reken Velen Stadtlohn Heek Ahaus Gescher Legden Schöppingen Gronau Vreden Südlohn Isselburgmap
About this picture

The city of Gronau (Westf.) Is located in the western Münsterland in the northwest of North Rhine-Westphalia . She is a medium-sized district town and to Bocholt is the second largest of Borken in Münster Region .

geography

Gronau lies in the Dinkel lowlands. The spelled flows from south to north through the urban area. To the northeast of Gronau lies the Gildehauser Venn , a moor and heather area. The core area of ​​the Gildehauser Venn is today a nature reserve. The southern part of the Gildehauser Venn (Gronau urban area) is called the Rüenberger Venn.

City structure

  • Districts of Gronau
    Gronau district
  • District Epe

Historical structure of Gronau

  • Downtown
  • Tiekerhook (northeast)
  • Schöttelkotterhook (east)
  • Dining side (southeast)
  • Buterland (southwest)
  • Beckerhook (southwest)
  • Brook (West)
  • Spechtholtshook (northwest)

These designations are the names of the farmers who have surrounded the city of Gronau. They are no longer used in official statistics, but are still used in everyday life.

Neighboring communities

  • in the east: City of Ochtrup
  • in the southeast: municipality of Heek
  • in the south: city of Ahaus
  • to the west: City of Enschede , Netherlands
  • in the north: Losser municipality , Netherlands
  • in the northeast: City of Bad Bentheim , Lower Saxony

In Gronau there are four former border crossings into the Netherlands : Gronau border crossing on the B 54 expressway , Glanerbrücke on the former B 54 (via Glanerbrug to Enschede), Losserstraße (via Glane to Losser) and Tiekerhook (via Overdinkel to Losser).

Gronau has both a municipal border (south: Ahaus and Heek) and a district border (east: Steinfurt district), a state border (north: Lower Saxony) and a state border (west: Netherlands).

history

overview

Parish Church of St. Antonius

The name Gronau comes from Gronauwe (Green Aue ) and refers to its origin as a settlement on the Dinkel River .

In 1188, today's Gronau district of Epe was first mentioned in a document, Gronau itself only in 1365.

Evangelical town church

Gronau was originally an independent rule . Gronau Castle was a so-called open house of the Prince-Bishops of Münster . In 1365 , Bishop Florence von Münster enfeoffed the noble lords of Steinfurt with this castle. In the 15th century, Gronau came to a branch of the Bentheim family .

Under Count Arnold II of Bentheim-Steinfurt, the Augsburg Confession was introduced in 1544 , Count Arnold VI. changed the denomination to the Reformed Faith in 1591 .

With the inheritance of Gronau on the Bentheim-Tecklenburg- Rheda line in 1638, the owner of the place changed for the first time. In a settlement concluded in 1699 between the bishopric of Münster and the Counts of Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Steinfurt, Gronau came under Münster sovereignty . A good hundred years later, the Münster office of Horstmar with Gronau and Epe was transferred to the Counts of Salm in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (1803) , who established the County of Salm-Horstmar from the area . In connection with the establishment of the Rhine Federation , the area came to the Grand Duchy of Berg in 1806 . After the French administrative structure introduced there in 1808, Gronau belonged to the department of the Ems and was assigned to the canton of Ochtrup . From 1811 to 1813, Gronau finally belonged directly to France , the canton of Ochtrup and thus Gronau and Epe now belonged to the Département de la Lippe and the Arrondissement Steinfurt . After the collapse of Napoleonic France , Gronau and Epe became Prussian in 1815 . 1816 Gronau Epe and were the newly formed district Ahaus in Münster Region of the Province of Westphalia annexed.

The industrialization held in Gronau tray with the establishment of the first textile mill in 1854. 21 years later (1875) which were railway lines from Gronau to Muenster , Dortmund and Enschede opened.

With the growth of the textile industry and the founding of the Gronauer Bauverein in the east of the city (1893), the settlement area began to expand. By the First World War , a new town hall , the district court , the parish church of St. Antonius , schools, hospitals, an indoor swimming pool, a waterworks , an electricity company and the city ​​park were built in Gronau .

On December 27, 1897, Gronau received city ​​rights .

50 pfennig emergency coin from the city of Gronau 1919

After the First World War, three emergency coins worth 10, 25 and 50 pfennigs were issued by the city of Gronau in 1918 and 1919 .

On the night of November 9th to 10th, 1938, also called (Reichs-) Kristallnacht or Reichspogromnacht, the synagogue in Wallstrasse was desecrated in connection with the persecution of the Jewish population. Finally all Jews from Gronau (families Eichberg, Poppert, van Engel, Kauffmann, Lion) were deported to the extermination camps.

The era of the textile industry in Gronau ended with the bankruptcy of the van Delden group founded in 1854 in 1980/1981.

Geological history

In 1910 the skeleton of a plesiosaur from the Cretaceous period was found in what was then the Gerdemann brickworks . It is now in the Geological-Paleontological Museum in Münster.

Incorporations

On April 1, 1898, the northern part of the parish parish Epe (the Eilermark ) was incorporated into Gronau. On April 1, 1934, the parishes Dorf Epe and parish Epe (the remaining southern part) were merged to form the parish " Epe ". On January 1, 1975, the city of Gronau and the municipality of Epe (Westphalia) were merged to form the new city of Gronau.

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 42.3%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
43.8%
30.7%
6.4%
4.6%
4.0%
4.0%
3.7%
2.9%
UWG
GAL
Per!
New Town Hall (northeast side)

City council

For the 2014-2020 electoral period, the city council is composed as follows:

  • CDU 17 seats
  • SPD 12 seats
  • UWG 3 seats
  • FDP 2 seats
  • Green alternative list Gronau 2 * seats
  • LEFT 2 seats
  • Per! Citizenship 1 seat
  • Pirate Party 1 seat

The newly elected council of the city of Gronau met on June 18, 2014 for its constituent meeting. The number of council seats was reduced from 42 to 40 seats, the lost seats would have gone to the CDU and the SPD, one each according to the election result. Per! Citizenship and Pirate Party form the 4th strongest parliamentary group, Pro! Citizenship / PIRATES, which was revoked by the mayor after the same thing happened with the district council group DIE LINKE / PIRATEN. In the circle the group sued successfully, in Gronau a lawsuit could be avoided by the faction was recognized again. On February 2, 2018, one council member left the GAL parliamentary group, and since then two non-attached council members (formerly GAL parliamentary group) have been on the council.

For the 2009–2014 election period, the city council was composed as follows:

  • CDU 17 seats
  • SPD 12 * seats
  • UWG 4 seats
  • FDP 4 seats
  • Per! Citizenship 2 seats
  • LEFT 1 * seat
  • Green alternative list Gronau 2 seats

The newly elected council of the city of Gronau met on November 4, 2009 for its constituent meeting. On January 26, 2010, a council member left the Die Linke parliamentary group and switched to the SPD parliamentary group.

For the 2004–2009 electoral period, the city council was composed as follows:

  • CDU 22 seats
  • SPD 11 seats
  • UWG 3 seats
  • FDP 3 seats
  • Green alternative list Gronau 2 seats
  • PBC 1 seat

For the 1999–2004 electoral period, the city council was composed as follows:

  • CDU 23 seats
  • SPD 14 seats
  • UWG 2 seats
  • FDP 2 seats
  • Green Alternative List Gronau 1 seats

mayor

  • 1974–1979: Bruno Jäkel (SPD)
  • 1979–1984: Gerhard Schultewolter (CDU)
  • 1984–1989: Bruno Jäkel (SPD)
  • 1989–1994: Norbert Diekmann (SPD)
  • 1994–1999: Gerhard Gleis-Price (CDU)
  • 1999–2013: Karl-Heinz Holtwisch (CDU)
  • 2013–2019: Sonja Jürgens (SPD)
  • since 2019: Rainer Doetkotte (CDU)

  • coat of arms

  • banner

  • flag

coat of arms

As part of the municipal reorganization, the city of Gronau and the municipality of Epe were merged to form a new city with the name "Gronau (Westf.)" On January 1, 1975.

After a transitional period in which the coat of arms of the former city of Gronau retained its validity, the depicted coat of arms was decided by the council. It contains the symbols of the two former communities (swan, coil, ear of wheat) as well as the colors green-yellow of the former city of Gronau and one color (blue) of the former community of Epe. The swan points to the earlier territorial affiliation of Gronau to the rule of the noblemen of Steinfurt ; the green underground is supposed to be a clear reference to the name of the old Gronau as "Green Aue". The symbols "ear" and "coil" were taken from the former coat of arms of the municipality of Epe. While the coil indicates the close ties between the two communities and the textile industry , the ear of corn symbolizes the importance of agriculture.

The city's new coat of arms was approved by the district president in Münster on January 8, 1981 and officially introduced on February 1, 1981. It is intended to express that the new city of Gronau emerged from two previously independent communities.

Heraldic description of the coat of arms ( blazon ):

"The city coat of arms shows in green a broad yellow wave pole covered with a black armored blue swan, accompanied by a yellow spool at the front and a yellow ear at the back."

  • Gronau coat of arms 1898–1937

  • Gronau coat of arms 1937–1981

  • Coat of arms of the former municipality of Epe

The city of Gronau was granted the right to carry a flag and a banner with a certificate from the District President of Münster on October 8, 1981.

Description of the banner: "The banner shows the city colors in two strips of green and yellow in a ratio of 1: 1 striped lengthways and the coat of arms in the middle of the upper half." Description of the flag: "The city flag has the colors green and yellow in a ratio of 1 : 1 striped lengthways (meaning cross-striped) and in the middle of the two strips the coat of arms. City flags without coats of arms and pennants in the city colors can be used. "

Town twinning

Culture and sights

music

Rock'n'Pop Museum

Gronau can look back on a respectable music history, which shaped Udo Lindenberg , who was born there in the 1950s and which ultimately led to the Gronau Rock'n'Pop Museum. The German-Dutch connection is characteristic of this musical culture. In the period of upheaval after the First World War, a close and successful German-Dutch cultural cooperation developed in Gronau and Enschede, ranging from music associations, string quartets, salon orchestras and hot dance bands to symphony orchestras and an operetta company ( Enschedesch Opera en Operette Gezelschap ) increased with its own world premieres (including Hans-Martin Majewski : Insel der Träume , 1938). At the same time, jazz found enthusiastic fans from 1920 onwards. The local jazz history of the 1940s and 1950s continued on an international level from 1988 onwards with the Gronau Jazz Festival . Udo Lindenberg learned his musical tools in the post-war dance music scene. Even today, Gronau offers a broad cultural spectrum and is even interesting for scientific research due to the unusually dense landscape of amateur music clubs.

The Gronauer Wall is a "Hall of Fame" and is a reminder of the local German-Dutch music scene and the international musicians who performed in Gronau.

Festivals

Once a year (end of April) the Gronau Jazz Festival offers international jazz greats a platform.

In addition, the rock festival "Auf dieören" takes place every summer. Well-known musicians come to Gronau every year for this occasion.

Buildings

Gronauer water tower at the city park
Water tower of the former weaving mill Matthieu van Delden

The landmark of the city of Gronau is the old water tower at the city park. The drinking water storage tank has a capacity of 250 m³. The water tower was taken off the grid in 1965 after the construction of a new underground storage facility with a capacity of 2800 m³ (today 4800 m³).

The impressive buildings of the textile industry north of the city center have been partially restored as technical monuments.

From the old town hall only the town hall tower has been preserved. In the course of the municipal reorganization, a new town hall in a modern design was built from 1969 to 1975 according to plans by the architect Harald Deilmann . Conceived as an experimental “House of Citizens”, it marks a new focal point in the cityscape to this day.

The Apollo Theater was a popular cinema, theater and concert hall. From 1934 to 1940 it developed into an important German-Dutch cultural institution. After renovations and modernizations, the reduced hall is now part of a cinema center at Mühlenmathe 37.

The Morgensternsiedlung in the east of the city is a well-preserved, closed workers' settlement . Also worth seeing are the old workers' settlements "Little Morocco" (Spechtholtshook) and "Little Russia" (Brook).

The city's newest landmark is the arched bridge over Spinnereistraße that was created by the state horticultural show in 2003 .

Also worth seeing are the listed parish church of St. Antonius and the Protestant town church .

As there is a large community of Syriacs (also known as Assyrians or Arameans ) living in Gronau, the Syriac Orthodox Church of St. Isaiah is located at Zollstrasse 11I and continues to use Aramaic as the liturgical language to this day .

Museums

rock'n'pop museum

rock'n'pop museum

The rock'n'pop museum was opened on July 21, 2004 . It is unique in Germany for this genre of music history. The museum is located in the former boiler room of the main factory of the van Delden group .

The permanent exhibition essentially deals with the history of music from the past century. The chronology of this story is embedded in a thematic bracket that represents black music and electronic music . A knowledge database illuminates the background of the exhibits. This is where the youth culture , music and contemporary history dimension and the networking of the exhibits from Marlene Dietrich , Elvis Presley , the Rolling Stones and Rammstein, among others , are evident .

In addition to the permanent exhibition, the museum also presents special exhibitions that are dedicated to specific topics from the diverse repertoire of hundred years of pop music history. The philosophy of the house includes music events, museum educational programs and intensive cooperation with schools.

Driland Museum

Old town hall tower

The remaining part of the town hall, which was destroyed in the last war, houses the Driland Museum of the city of Gronau. It provides information about local and regional culture, the textile past and the historical development of the city. The entrance is in an inner courtyard behind the Gronau town hall tower in Bahnhofstrasse.

The name of the museum contains the defining factor of this city and its surroundings, the historical and current cross-border influences. Gronau was originally an enclave in the parish of Epe, which was ruled by Counts of Steinfurter and Bentheim, and later culturally and religiously strongly influenced by the Netherlands. The urban area, which was expanded in 1898, forms the intersection between the Netherlands and the federal states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia in the northwest. The Driland Museum offers the Gronauers and visitors to this city the opportunity to deal with the particularities of this city and regional history.

First of all, the geological history of the local area is presented, starting with the formation of coal and salt through to palaeontological finds. The focus of this department is a replica of the serpentine dinosaur discovered in 1910 in Gronau. Via the earliest traces of human settlement, visitors are guided to the first beginnings of the development of this city. The city model of Gronau 1600 illustrates the development of the water festival into a place of refuge for Dutch Protestants against the background of the European wars of religion in the 17th century.

The Dutch influences on the culture, religion and economy of this city, which were deeply rooted at the time, form the “red thread” through the further exhibition. The industrial revolution , the beginnings of which are documented in the exhibition, was shaped by Dutch entrepreneurs under Prussian administration. The recent history of Gronau is shown in historical photographs on the first floor of the museum.

Recreational areas

City park and zoo

City park (duck pond, view from the north)

The Gronauer Stadtpark (with zoo) on the Dinkelufer was laid out before the First World War. There is also a park in the Epe district. This was built in 1926 as part of job creation measures. There is a large duck pond, two playgrounds (one of them with a skateboard track and a sledge hill) and a rose garden.

Drilandsee

View of the bathing beach of the Drilandsee

At the border triangle of North Rhine-Westphalia / Lower Saxony / Netherlands, near the district of Driland, lies the Drilandsee, which was artificially built in the 1970s. One lap around the lake is approx. 3300 meters. It is frequented as a bathing lake, for sailing and rowing and has leisure facilities and a campsite.

State horticultural show

In 2003 a cross-border state horticultural show took place in Gronau and the neighboring municipality of Losser (Netherlands) . As part of the state horticultural show, 13 sculptures called Dinkelsteine ​​were set up on the banks of the Dinkel in Epe, Gronau, Glane, Overdinkel and Losser .

  • Gronau Laga 1.jpg
  • Gronau Laga 2.jpg
  • Gronau Laga 3.jpg
  • Gronau Laga 4.jpg
  • Gronau Laga 5.jpg

Sports

Gronau is currently home to four football clubs. Forward Epe managed in the 2013/14 season the fifth place in the table in the district league season 11. FC Epe also managed to rise to the district league this season as champions of the district league A. Fortuna Gronau , on the other hand, was relegated from this district league and played again in the district league A Ahaus in 2014/15. The second Gronau club, SG Gronau , plays in the district league B. Fortuna Gronau was created in mid-2011 from a merger of DJK Arminia Gronau in 1954 and the football department of SV Vorwärts 09.

Handball in Gronau has been played at Vorwärts Gronau since 1928. In the meantime, there was a second handball club, HSC Gronau, from 2002 until it was dissolved at the end of the 2013 season. The handball ladies from Vorwärts Gronau were Westphalia champions in 1936/37 and took 3rd place in the preliminary round of the German championship in the Bielefeld group with Eimsbütteler TV , Police Dresden and CT Hessen-Prussia Kassel. The first men's team from Vorwärts Gronau remained as a district league team in the 2012/13 season of the Euregio-Münsterland (formerly Steinfurt district) without any point loss and rose to the district league.

Vorwärts has had a successful badminton department since 1968 . Christina Tampier became German champion in girls' singles in 1975.

Furthermore, SV Vorwärts Gronau has been offering basketball as a sport for 40 years . The teams have been playing in the Münster basketball district for years with varying degrees of success. In the 2011/2012 season, five youth teams and one men's senior team will compete in order to achieve championship honors. After years of hiking through the Gronau sports halls, one now hopes to have found a new home in the sports hall at the Eilermark School.

Since 1984 regattas have been organized on the Drilandsee by the water sports department Vorwärts Gronau (WSVG09) . The catchment area of ​​the list of participants is mostly composed of clubs from the surrounding lakes. Members of the club have repeatedly achieved successes at national championships.

In January 2011 the “Traditional Community” was added as a new department, which maintains five boules lanes on the “Bill-Kujat-Boulodrom” on the Drilandsee .

The most successful sports club in the recent past, however, is the Gronau swimming club from 1910. The women's water polo team has played in the first Bundesliga since 1998 and was twice champion, but withdrew from the Bundesliga for the 2007/08 season and then played in the major league .

Table tennis has also been held in Gronau since 1932 at the TTC Gronau 1932 e. V. played. A highlight of the club life in the last few years was the show fight between Jörg Roßkopf and Timo Boll , which was held on April 30, 2007 for a good cause on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the club.

Gronau is the official seat of the ice hockey club ECE Nordhorn / Gronau , which plays in Nordhorn in Lower Saxony , in order to enable it to participate in the games of the North Rhine-Westphalia State Ice Sports Association . The "Bullydogs" are currently playing in the NRW Association League.

Since 1985 the Bogenschützen Gronau e. V. successfully active.

Economy and Infrastructure

Gronau is the seat of the German-Dutch municipal association Euregio .

traffic

Road traffic

Gronau is on the motorways A 30 (Amsterdam-Bad Oeynhausen), A 31 (Bottrop-idle Emden) and the Netherlands A 35 (Zwolle-Enschede) and the Federal Highway B 54 (Gronau Minster Dortmund-Siegen-Wiesbaden) to reach.

Rail and bus transport

Reception building at Gronau (Westf) station

The train station in Gronau (Westphalia) is served hourly by the regional train lines RB 64 " Euregio-Bahn " Enschede - Münster ( DB ) and RB 51 " Westmünsterland-Bahn " Enschede - Dortmund ( DB ). The Epe (Westf.) Station is only served by the RB 51.

The inner-city bus traffic is served by a city bus system with five lines. Two of these are call lines ("TaxiBus"). Regional buses drive u. a. to Ahaus , Coesfeld , Rheine , Borken .

In addition, a regional bus line of the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Grafschaft Bentheim (VGB) connects Gronau with Gildehaus , Bad Bentheim and Schüttorf in regular intervals . Since December 9, 2018, the Lower Saxony ticket has also been valid on VGB buses.

Gronau is part of the Münsterland Transport Association (VGM).

Bicycle traffic

Gronau is connected to the regional Flamingoroute cycle path .

Air traffic

The nearest airports are Münster / Osnabrück Airport in Greven and Enschede Airport in Enschede .

Established businesses

Post: For the development of the postal system in Gronau, Epe and Bauverein see postal history of Steinfurt .

In September 1901, the Volksbank Gronau was founded by 40 founding members on the initiative of the craftsmen's association. After the merger with Volksbank Ahaus in 1998, it is now called Volksbank Gronau-Ahaus .

Since January 28, 1950, the administration and the central warehouse of the K + K Klaas & Kock company have been located in Gronau . The company operates under the name K + K - Klaas und Kock over 210 supermarkets and consumer markets in Westphalia and western Lower Saxony. Klaas + Kock is one of the 100 largest trading companies in Germany.

The textile retailer Engbers , founded in 1946, has its headquarters in Gronau and operates 280 branches in Germany and Austria with over 1500 employees.

Uranium enrichment

Since 1985, Gronau has been the location of the only uranium enrichment plant in Germany, the Gronau uranium enrichment plant . It was initially built for an annual capacity of 1,000 tons of uranium separation work , but since 1998 its capacity has been expanded to 1,800 tons (equivalent to supplying up to 13 large nuclear power plants ). A further expansion to 4,500 tons was approved in 2005. The operator is the Urenco company . The depleted uranium residues resulting from the enrichment process were transported by freight trains to Seversk in Siberia between 1996 and 2008 . In future, the waste is to be chemically converted in France and Great Britain, but then returned to Gronau. There are protests against the operation of the plant locally, nationwide and in the Netherlands. On January 22, 2010, there was an industrial accident involving radioactive waste in which a worker was contaminated to a small extent. At the end of July 2019, another special train with 600 tons of uranium hexafluoride destined for Russia was confirmed by the Ministry of Economics, Innovation, Digitization and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Others

A plesiosaur that was found in a clay pit near Gronau in 1912 is named after the city ( Gronausaurus ).

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

Lindenberg monument in Gronau (Westf.)

Other personalities associated with Gronau

literature

  • Herbert Wagner : The Gestapo wasn't alone ... Political social control and state terror in the German-Dutch border area 1929–1945. LIT publishing house. Münster 2004 (includes, among other things, the Gronau border police), ISBN 978-3-8258-7448-3 .
  • Alfred Hagemann / Elmar Hoff (ed.): Island of dreams. Music in Gronau and Enschede (1895–2005). Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2006, ISBN 978-3-89861-620-1 .
  • Alfred Hagemann, Elmar Hoff (ed.): Gronau - Enschede - Berlin: A musical journey through the world of entertainment from the Weimar Republic to the post-war period. Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8375-0537-5 .
  • Christian H. Freitag: Where there is a lot of light, there is also a lot of shadow. - About living and working conditions Gronauer and Eper textile workers. In: Hanspeter Dickel (ed.): Nature and culture of the Gronau and Epe area. Gronau 1982, pp. 138-147, OCLC 63507159 .
  • Johannes Wolburg : Observations on frost soil phenomena from the last Ice Age in Gronau / Westphalia. Journal of the German Society for Geosciences, Volume 128 (1977), pp. 215-216, 1 fig.
  • Hanspeter Dickel : Bürgerbuch Gronau and Epe. 1st - 17th Vol. (1990-2008), Gronau.
  • Hartmut Klein (arr.): Gronau with Epe (= Historical Atlas of Westphalian Cities, Vol. 10). Ardey-Verlag, Münster 2018, ISBN 978-3-87023-407-2 .

Web links

Commons : Gronau (Westf.)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ a b "Rainer Doetkotte new mayor in Gronau" , WDR, March 24, 2019
  3. ^ A b c Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and municipalities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 238 .
  4. ↑ Ralf Keuper: Van Delden Group - at that time Germany's largest textile company  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , August 22, 2010@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.xing.com  
  5. ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X .
  6. ↑ Local elections on May 25, 2014
  7. ↑ Main Statute of the City of Gronau (Westphalia), § 3. Accessed on February 10, 2013 .
  8. ^ City of Gronau (Westphalia), www.kommunalflaggen.de. Retrieved February 10, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Stefan Rethfeld: Gronau Town Hall - the reason of the geometric system, in: Bauwelt 40–41, Berlin 2012, pp. 36–41
  10. ↑ Martin Borck: An Apostolic Visit. Retrieved May 1, 2020 .
  11. ^ Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe: City park and zoo in LWL geodata culture
  12. ^ Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe: Epe community park in LWL-GeodatenKultur
  13. ↑ Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe: Island Park and Dinkelaue in fiber optic spatial data culture
  14. ↑ 8 Seen Regatta - segeln-gronau.de , accessed on November 26, 2015
  15. ↑ WSVG09 - Successes - segeln-gronau.de , accessed on November 26, 2015
  16. ↑ Personnel problems : Ex-champion Gronau does not start the Bundesliga
  17. ^ Website swimming club Gronau ( Memento from June 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ↑ Line network of the VGB (PDF)
  19. ↑ http://www.niedersachsenticket.de
  20. ^ Grafschafter Nachrichten: The Lower Saxony ticket is valid from Sunday. December 7, 2018, accessed December 26, 2018 .
  21. ^ Münsterland eV: Cycling in Gronau | Münsterland eV Tourism. Retrieved June 9, 2017 .
  22. ↑ Urenco: Reportable incident at the uranium enrichment plant in Gronau. (No longer available online.) January 22, 2010, archived from the original on May 21, 2011 ; accessed on January 23, 2010 (English).
  23. ^ Neue Westfälische (Bielefeld): Uranium waste from Gronau ends up in Russia again. Retrieved November 29, 2019 .
  24. ↑ Udo Lindenberg is an honorary citizen of his hometown ( Memento from July 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive )