St. Michael (Neunkirchen am Brand)
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The Roman Catholic St. Michael Monastery Church is the Gothic church of the Neunkirchen am Brand monastery in the Upper Franconian district of Forchheim in Bavaria . It belongs to the parish of St. Michael Neunkirchen am Brand in the Archdiocese of Bamberg .
History and architecture
The single-nave church of the 11th / 12th centuries Century was rebuilt around 1270/1280. Major alterations were then made in the second half of the 14th century, with the cloister being built and the choir rebuilt. In the period around 1400 the nave was extended and a side aisle added, before 1437 the Marienkapelle was built. After the abolition of the monastery in 1552, the tower was increased and then in 1690 the main nave. In 1702 the east wing of the monastery was expanded into a rectory.
The exterior of the church is accentuated by the west tower, which shows the influence of the west building of the Sebalduskirche in Nuremberg on its lower floors from the period from 1270 to 1280 . The octagonal storeys with the stair tower were created in 1400 and 1577/1578 and were provided with the hood in 1809 . In the lower part, which is also the vestibule, there are still heavy rib vaults. The architectural structures are partly colored. The church consists of the south, flat-roofed nave and a north aisle with rib vaults, which are separated by arcades on octagonal pillars.
The main choir with a five-eighth closing is closed by a ribbed vault, the side aisle has been open to the Marienkapelle since 1709, which ends in a small choir also with five-eighth closing. The gallery built into the western part of the church is also vaulted with a ribbed vault. Fragments of a wall painting in the side aisle show a Man of Sorrows and a Madonna from around 1430 and the raising of Lazarus from around 1600; In the main aisle there is a depiction of St. Christopher from around 1520. Only a rocaille cartouche remains from a stucco from around 1751 .
Furnishing
The high altar dates from around 1741, the sculptures are attributed to Georg Reuss. The altarpiece was created by Joseph Scheubel the Elder. The superstructures of the side altars date from around 1720/1730. Like the high altar, the pulpit from 1749 is decorated with sculptures by Reuss. The baptismal font dates from the first half of the 18th century.
Among the numerous paintings are transfers of the life of Mary by Albrecht Dürer from around 1520 as well as two further altar wings from around 1480/1490, which are attributed to Hans Traut the Elder. Several figures of an artistically valuable group of worship originate from around 1350/1360 and are closely related to the west portal of the Nuremberg Lorenz Church . An annunciation group in the side aisle dates from around 1440. Numerous wooden figures mostly date from the 18th century. Among them is a figure of St. Michael from around 1500 (today on the gallery) and the Virgin Mary of the Altarpiece from around 1490. The wooden relief of the Death of Mary is a rustic work from around 1520. Of the grave monuments, the following should be mentioned:
- Grave slab for Wolfram von Egloffstein († 1459) made of red marble with the image of the deceased,
- Grave slabs for those of Eysenheim († 1694) and von Stauffenberg († 1698) with coat of arms,
- Grave slab of a swan knight with an artisan portrait from the late 15th century,
- Grave slabs of Sibylla von Guttenberg († 1600),
- Grave slab of those von der Büg († 1536) with protective coat image, a fine work of the 16th century made of soapstone with colored inlays, which is attributed to Loy Hering .
An extension on the north wall of the aisle bears the year “1492” and contains a mount of olives , a rigorous simplification of the vestibule on the north side of the Lorenz Church in Nuremberg.
organ
The organ is a work by GF Steinmeyer & Co. from 1885 with 21 stops on two manuals and a pedal in one case from around 1810. It was restored in 2012 by Klais Orgelbau and expanded to 24 stops. Since then, the disposition has been as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Fixed combinations : Piano - Forte - Tutti
Bells
The bell of the church consists of four bells :
| Surname | Casting year | Caster | Chime |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michael | 1925 | Ulrich Brothers (Kempten) | e 1 |
| Maria | 1954 | Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling (Heidelberg) | g 1 |
| Joseph | 1954 | Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling (Heidelberg) | a 1 |
| Anna | 1925 | Ulrich Brothers (Kempten) | h 1 |
Originally, Maria and Joseph also came from the 1925 cast. During the Second World War , they were removed from the tower together with Michael and given to be melted down. After the war, a historian found Michael in the Hamburg bell cemetery and contacted the parish of Neunkirchen am Brand so that the big bell could be brought back and hung in the tower. The two lost bells, Maria and Joseph , were re-cast in 1954 and have since completed the ringing again.
As a full peal, the disposition of the bells results in a completed minor motif ( O Savior, tear open the heavens ).
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I. The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-422-03051-4 , pp. 663–664.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved November 24, 2019 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 36 ′ 45.4 " N , 11 ° 7 ′ 49.2" E