St. Petersquelle
The St. Petersquelle is a thermal spring in Vals in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . It is owned by the community. The source comes from the Rootahäärd (red hearth) area. A new mineral water stream was developed for new bores. This current, known as “new drilling”, is much more mineralized than the current of the “rock water”, which flows from the ground as a thermal spring at higher altitudes.
When the hotel complex was built in the 1960s, two new versions were added. Water with temperatures of 20 ° C and 23 ° C was pumped. In 1980 a deeper hole was dug; it supplies water with a temperature of 30 ° C. The filling station of the Valser and Therme Vals each use half the water from these sockets.
The St. Petersquelle takes its name from the patron Simon Petrus of the parish church in Vals. The building was first mentioned in a document in 1451. In 1643 the church was largely dismantled, rebuilt and given the additional patron Paulus of Tarsus .
The water from the “new drilling” has a total mineralization of around 1850 to 1900 mg / l, making it one of the most naturally mineralized waters in Switzerland. The minerals with the highest dosage are: calcium 425 to 436 mg / l, magnesium 51 to 54 mg / l, sodium 10 to 11 mg / l, hydrogen carbonate about 386 mg / l, sulfate about 990 mg / l. It is particularly valued for its high calcium and magnesium content.
geology
There are two streams of water with different quality. The first stream, "rock water", consists of rainwater that seeps away on the summit of Piz Serengasta and runs downwards in a mélange along the diagonal layer of earth . Due to a triassic layer , it does not run into the water reservoir of the second stream, but already exits a little above the valley. It was only on the road for an average of 10 to 30 years and is very sulphate. Often it mixes with water from the second stream, which has found its way through the loose rock in the valley floor due to the artesian pressure and so the "rock water" is mineralized differently depending on the borehole.
In the second stream, "new drilling", the rainwater seeps away between the Val Serengasta and the beginning of the grava ceiling. The water flows between a diagonal layer of Lugnez slate and the grava ceiling. The two layers are a natural barrier and channel the water. On the way into the subsoil, the water is heated and mineralized by gypsum and dolomite deposits from the Triassic. The water finally collects at a depth of about one or two kilometers and is additionally mixed with carbonates from the deeper suture zone by carbon dioxide and pressed onto the mélange of the abdula ceiling due to the gas pressure (carbon dioxide and helium ). The Abdula ceiling is a crystalline ceiling and thus another water barrier. Above this ceiling there is a triass layer, which also represents a water barrier, and so the water does not mix with the first stream. The Valser valley near the source is very close to this cover, and so the water there can be obtained by simple drilling through the artesian pressure. After seeping away, rainwater takes between two and two hundred years, depending on the route, to emerge again. It was on the road for 80 years on average.
history
The first recorded use of the spring dates back to prehistoric times. When the first thermal baths were built in 1893, a cistern filled with animal bones and pottery shards from the Bronze Age was found. It is not known whether it was used for bathing or as a sacrificial site.
The first documentary mention comes from the year 1670. It concerns a reference to the sale of a parcel to a sack master Philipp Rütima zum Badt . In the 17th century word got around that the spring could be used as good bathing water for cold evenings. Its use as a bathroom was not documented until the 19th century. The water has been known as medicinal water since the 17th century . The first chemical analysis dates back to 1826. The mineral water was presented or awarded prizes as early as 1873 at the World Exhibition in Vienna , in 1883 at the National Exhibition in Zurich and in 1900 at the World Exhibition in Paris .
The spring has only been used for bathing since 1854. The so-called Malakoff Tower was built, with a spring basin 6–8 feet wide and 12 feet deep. The tower became dilapidated and in 1885 the water flowed unused into the Valser Rhine . In 1893 the first spa house with accommodation was built. In 1899 an approx. 12 meter deep socket was built. It is called “old version” in the specialist literature and mainly escaping rock water was captured there. When the Hotel Therme was built between 1962 and 1964, two new holes were drilled for new sockets. It concerns the 39 meter deep “ Obereestand ” borehole, which was called St. Jodersquelle and was made at the location of the “old version”. It pumps water at 23 ° C with a total mineralization of 1.7 g / l. It is now located in the hotel complex and has been renovated so that the water can be used. The second hole, «Lower Version», was actually a test hole first. It is 47 meters deep and produces water at 20 ° C with a total mineralization of 1.2 g / l. This was called St. Petersquelle . This is not used and flows into the sewer system. In 1980/81 a “new drilling” was carried out into the deeper layers for the Valser's new bottling plant with more mineralized water. It is 95 meters deep and produces warm water at 30 ° C and has a total mineralization of 1.9 g / l.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Sigrid Hauser, Hélène Binet , Peter Zumthor : Therme Vals . Scheidegger & Spiess, 2007. ISBN 978-3-85881-181-3
- ↑ a b Peter Hartmann: The emergence of Valser mineral water , 2001 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and remove then this note. )
- ↑ a b c Peter Rieder, Vals - Enges Tal, Weite Welt , Terra Gruschuna AG, Chur, 2009, ISBN 978-3-7298-1160-7
- ↑ Peter Hartmann, mineral water deposits in the northern Bündnerschiefer area with a focus on Valsertal , dissertation, 1998
