St. Remigius (Bergheim)
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The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Remigius in Kirchstrasse in the district town of Bergheim in the Rhein-Erft district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ) was built in the 12th century.
Building history and architecture
Older than the medieval town of Bergheim is the Bergheimerdorf settlement, where Franconians settled in the 5th or 6th century , as the Kirchberg, which consists of sand and gravel, towers over the Erft lowland by several meters and offered protection from floods. Hence the name “Bergheim”: settlement on or on a mountain .
A church will soon have been built in the Franconian settlement , presumably made of wood, the predecessor of today's parish church . The church was owned by the imperial abbey Kornelimünster from 1028 and incorporated into the abbey from 1257 to 1802. In the second half of the 12th century, under the leadership of Kornelimünster, the stone sacred building was built, which has largely been preserved to this day.
The church was consecrated in 1175 by Archbishop Philipp von Heinsberg . It was originally a basilica complex . The transept , the choir with its wide semicircular apse and the two graceful flank towers have been preserved from it. They are made of tuff stone. The central nave and the two aisles as well as the western tower consist mainly of brick . The hall longhouse made of brick and tuff bands was built around 1480, the west tower was renewed in brick in 1758 and raised by a bell storey from 1863 to 1897.
After the Brauweiler Abbey, St. Remigius is the most important Romanesque church building in the Rhein-Erft district.
Since the 1960s, the geological disturbance of the “ Giersbergsprung ” associated with the lowering of the groundwater for the opencast mine caused severe damage to the masonry and the vaults. From 1989 to 1994 the church was completely renovated. The entire masonry was underpinned by a beam grid. Electronically controlled, powerful springs between the beam grating and concrete foundations compensate for different ground movements. The underground part of the church therefore gives the impression that it is standing on stilts. Thanks to this new technical development, St. Remigius was saved from the threat of destruction and secured for the future.
Furnishing
The most important piece of equipment in the church is the Pietà from around 1480, which was transferred here from the secularized Bethlehem monastery in 1803 , which led to St. Remigius becoming a pilgrimage church , just like the monastery was before .
Outside the church near the apse is the memorial created by Gerhard Marcks in 1956 for the dead of both world wars and for the victims of National Socialism , a sculpture of St. Sebastian in the traditional figurative style surrounded by basalt lava. The plant was built in 1956 on behalf of the city of Bergheim and was inaugurated in 1957. Originally, two arrows pierced the upper body of the sculpture, but they were forcibly removed a few years ago . A repair is still pending.
A copy is in the Vatican Museum in Rome .
The organ was built in 1997 by the organ builder Hartwig Späth (Marsch-Hugstetten). The instrument has 25 registers (1570 pipes) on two manuals and a pedal . The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric.
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- Coupling : II / I, II / II (sub-octave coupling), I / P, II / P
A chest organ built in 1987 was installed in St. Remigius in 1992. It has eight registers with an attached pedal. The main organ on the gallery can also be played from the chest organ via fiber optic cables.
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Bells
The Otto bell foundry from Hemelingen / Bremen delivered bronze bells for the St. Remigius Church twice, in 1906 four bells (total weight 5500 kg) with the disposition c '- es' - f '- g' and in 1926 four Bells (6500 kg) with the striking notes h 0 - dis '- f sharp' - g sharp '(a flat'). Of these bells, only the small as bell from 1926 survived the bell annihilation of the two world wars. Today it hangs together with four bells from the Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock bell foundry from 1954 as the smallest bell in the five-part ring. The four bells from 1954 have the same disposition as the Otto bells from 1906.
Pilgrimage to the Sorrowful Mother
Between June and September Bergheim is the destination of pilgrims to the miraculous image of the Sorrowful Mother from 1480. The pilgrimage has existed since the plague in 1598.
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia I. Rhineland, arr. and exp. Edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin and Munich 2005, p. 125f.
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, here in particular pp. 345, 410, 446, 514, 527 .
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, here in particular pp. 310, 385, 479, 488 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
- ↑ Origins of the pilgrimage to the image of grace. In: Website of the Bergheim Brotherhood. Retrieved November 28, 2017 .
literature
- Heinz Andermahr, Heinz Braschoß, Helmut Schrön, Ralph Jansen: Bergheim City Guide . District town Bergheim (Ed.), Bergheim 2009, ISBN 978-3-9801975-8-8 .
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 33.2 ″ N , 6 ° 38 ′ 8 ″ E