Shrub Porling
| Shrub Porling | ||||||||||||
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Shrub Porling ( Phylloporia ribis ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Phylloporia ribis | ||||||||||||
| Ryvarden |
The shrub sponge or gooseberry fire sponge ( Phylloporia ribis , syn .: Phellinus ribis ) is a mushroom from the family of bristle disk relatives (Hymenochaetaceae). Phylloporia is a satellite genus of the fire sponges ( Phellinus ).
features
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The shrub porling forms console-shaped fruiting bodies , which often grow in several roof-tile-like form above and next to each other and often completely enclose the trunk of their host. They are 3–15 cm wide and 0.5–2 cm thick at the base. The smooth or bumpy, sometimes bulging-concentric surface is initially fine-velvet and yellow or rust-brown in color, becomes bald with age and becomes black-brown with a brown growth zone. Old specimens are often colonized by algae and then appear green. The edge is wavy, sharp and thin. The cinnamon to reddish-brown underside is covered with a 1–3 mm thick layer of tubes; in the case of perennial fruiting bodies, the tubes are layered on top of each other. The tubes open into pores, of which there are about 6-7 per mm. Older fruiting bodies show a black line in cross-section that divides the rust-brown flesh into two layers, the lower one being tougher and darker in color.
ecology
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The shrub porling grows as a parasitic white rot pathogen at the base of old currant or gooseberry bushes , and the European eucoat is an important host. The host range also includes field maple , ash , red dogwood and elder . The fruiting bodies sit deep at the base of the host bushes and are often overgrown by grass. They are perennial and can be found all year round. The species' habitats are spring and brook bank corridors, various types of alluvial forest, deciduous forests that are moist to the ground on soils rich in bases and nutrients, forest edges and hedges. In cultivated land, the shrub porling occurs in gardens and berry fruit plantations and populates there almost exclusively Ribes species. In contrast, the main host in near-natural habitats is the Pfaffenhütchen.
distribution
The shrub porling is found in India and Pakistan, Central Africa (Uganda) and the Holarctic . It grows in Siberia, the Caucasus, China and Japan, the USA, Canada and Morocco. In Europe it can be found from the Iberian Peninsula, northern Italy, the former Yugoslavia and Bulgaria to southern England, Denmark, Scandinavia, and eastwards to the Caucasus and Urals. It is absent from the Mediterranean islands, Greece and Albania. In Germany it can be found scattered throughout the area, and the fungus is probably often overlooked or not recognized in gardens, as the planned search by Jahn in Detmold showed.
meaning
As a white rot pathogen, it destroys its host over time, but it is only slightly aggressive, so that infested berry bushes can continue to grow with the fungus for many years without any noticeable reduction in yield.
Systematics
The species has recently been separated from the genus of the fire sponges and placed as Phylloporia ribis Ryvarden , 1978 in the genus Phylloporia . The genus name also denotes a genus of mini-bag moths . In addition, the name Phellinus ribis Karsten , 1889, is also used in the literature .
swell
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
- Hermann Jahn: Central European Porlinge (Polyporaceae s. Lato) and their occurrence in Westphalia . In: Westphalian mushroom letters . tape IV . Heiligenkirchen / Detmold 1963 ( user.gwdg.de [PDF; 33.3 MB ]).
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 2: Heterobasidiomycetes (gelatinous mushrooms), Aphyllophorales (non-leaf mushrooms), Gastromycetes (belly mushrooms). Mykologia, Luzern 1986, ISBN 3-85604-020-X .
Web links
- Wolfgang Schössler: Phellinus ribis - shrub fire sponge. In: Aphyllophorales News - Holzpilze - Porlinge - Barkpilze. March 29, 2007, accessed March 23, 2012 .